JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER . 
20 
the necessity for watering. Subtropical plants can scarcely have too 
much water if the weather be warm : they should be staked and tied 
as they advance in growth. Hollyhocks and Dahlias may be treated 
similarly. Carnations and Pinks must be neatly secured to stakes, 
and the propagation by layers and pipings can be pushed for¬ 
ward, making choice of an old spent hotbed on which to place the 
handlights, inserting the cuttings in sharp sandy loam, keeping 
them well shaded from the sun, and sprinkling them occasionally. 
Cuttings of Roses root freely at this season, provided they are taken 
from well-ripened wood, giving them the same treatment as advised 
for Carnations. Briars and other stocks will soon be sufficiently for¬ 
ward for budding, making choice of such buds as are on wood that 
has just borne flowers, as successful budding depends greatly on 
selecting sound mature buds ; and in extracting the wood great care 
should be exercised, so that the bark is not bent too sharply or 
bruised. As Roses of the Hybrid Perpetual class cease blooming they 
should be shortened back, and every means taken to insure a free 
growth by mulching and watering. Climbing Roses must have the 
old flowering wood cut out, and the young growth laid in for next 
year’s flowering. 
PLANT HOUSES. 
Greenhouses .—Usually these structures are kept much too dry 
during the summer months. In most cases no air moisture is pro¬ 
vided but what results from the evaporation of the small quantity of 
water that escapes from the pots in watering, whereas the whole of 
the space inside the houses should be kept during the summer not 
merely sprinkled but wet, so that in sunny weather there is a 
continuous healthy moisture rising amongst the plants. Zonal 
Pelargoniums for winter flowering in a little heat should at once be 
prepared. Plants struck last autumn are most suitable, but early 
spring-struck cuttings are also useful. They should at once be placed 
in G-inch pots in good loam, with a little sand and about a sixth of 
well decayed manure, potting as firmly as possible. Plunge, or at 
least stand, the pots on ashes in the full sun outdoors, stopping the 
plants so as to keep them in shape, and remove all flower buds, so that 
all the energies of the plants may be directed to making growth. 
Some of the best varieties for this purpose are Vesuvius, White 
Vesuvius, Tip Top, Eclipse, Commander-in-Ckief, Beatrix, H. M. 
Pollett, Kleon, Mrs. Whiteley, Alonzo, Polyphemus, Miss Gladstone, 
Madonna, and Marguerite Ponton, which are all single. In doubles 
E. V. Raspail, Wonderful, Guillon Mangilii, Alba Perfecta, and Mrs. 
Chas. Pearce. 
ARTIFICIAL SWARMING. 
In the Journal for June 15th, page 501, “Clifton” says he 
has lost confidence in Mr. Pettigrew’s teachings on this subject, 
and further that he does not intend trying the plan again. I, like 
“ Clifton,” failed in mv first attempt at artificial swarming ; but 
with the use of a cool blast smoker with some dry decayed wood in 
it I lighted a few puffs from which quieted the bees, the practice 
was a perfect success. The same practice I have followed several 
times during the season with equal results. It has been said by 
some writers we should place the fresh skep where the old one 
stood after artificially swarming ; but, like Mr. Pettigrew, I do 
not think that the best plan, as there is great danger of the whole 
of the bees leaving the old skep or hive and joining the new one. 
So much are they guided by familiar landmarks, that when those 
that were left in the hive fly into the air they will most likely 
settle on their old spot, and I have seen an instance where the 
whole of the bees have left their former abode, with its honey, 
comb, and young brood, and joined the other hive. Thus, as Mr. 
Pettigrew says, it is best to stand each lot right and left of where 
they formerly stood, if only a few feet. 
I have some large bar-framed hives, and am anxious for the 
bees to fill the supers over them this season. When the swarms 
are not very strong when hived they seem to take nearly the 
whole of the season to fill the body of the hive. I have heard of 
people joining two or more swarms together, and once made an 
[ July 6, 1882. 
attempt at the same ; but it was evident from the dead which lay 
outside the hive in which they were put that it was not a profit¬ 
able or desirable practice to be repeated. May I ask Mr. Petti¬ 
grew or any other of your able correspondents if they could give 
me the information sought for through the pages of this Journal 
—viz., making the bees smell alike, so that they may be success¬ 
fully joined, so that by having them strong they would be more 
likely to fill my sections ?—C. Warden, Clarendon. 
THE NORFOLK BEE-KEEPERS' ASSOCIATION. 
On Thursday last this Association held its first annual Exhibition 
of bees, hives, and honey in the picturesque grounds of J. B. Coaks, 
Esq., at Thorpe Hamlet, a suburb of Norwich which may justly be 
termed the Richmond of Norfolk. A glorious June day, together 
with the attraction of the Norfolk and Norwich Horticultural 
Society’s Show, drew together a large assembly, among whom were 
many of the elite of the county and city. Manipulations, the driving 
competition, and the short lectures delivered at intervals in the bee 
tent appeared to be the most popular of the day’s proceedings, 
judging, at least, from the constant crowds pressing for admission. 
If we may indulge in vaticination we forecast for the Norfolk Bee¬ 
keepers’ Association a bright future under the energetic guidance of 
its Secretary and local Committee, and expect before long to see it 
take rank amongst the foremost of our county associations. 
The Rev. George Raynor, deputed by the British Association, 
assisted by the Rev. Blake Humfrey and three other members of 
Committee, awarded the prizes. 
Amongst the foreign bees exhibited in unicomb and observatory 
hives we noticed a fine stock of Carniolian bees exhibited by Mr. 
Blow, which obtained the highest honours. In hives Mr. Blake of 
Dallinghoe, Suffolk, was placed first with a hive which we believe 
has frequently obtained similar notice at other shows, Mr. Blow 
taking second with one of similar construction. We observed, also, 
in this department several of the old straw skeps to which a most 
praisewo. thy adaptation of the modern system of sectional supers 
had been made, thus instructing our cottage population in the more 
modern, humane, and lucrative system of securing the produce of 
their bees, and procuring honey in the purest and most saleable 
form. The three prizes offered by J. J. Colman, Esq., M.P., drew 
forth three competitors for the “ best collection of hives, extractors, 
and other bee-keepers’ appliances,” whose select and extensive collec¬ 
tions proved a great feature of the Show. Space would fail us to 
enter more fully into particulars ; we therefore close our short sum¬ 
mary by appending the prize list, merely remarking that the honey 
exhibited, both extracted and comb, although small in quantity—• 
doubtless on account of the early season at which the Show was 
held—was fine in quality. 
Bees. —The best stock of Ligurian or other foreign bees : 1, T. Blow, Herts ; 
2, S. Barge, Yarmouth ; 3, T. Sells, Stamford. The best stock of English bees : 
1, T. Blow ; 2, T. Sells. 
HIVES.—The best and most complete hive, on the moveable-comb principle, 
including covering, stand, floor-board, and facilities for storing surplus honey : 
1, Andrew Blake, Wickham Market; 2, T. Blow; 3, Andrew Blake. The best 
and most complete hive, on the moveable comb principle, for cottagers’ use, 
including covering, floor-board, and facilities for storing honey, price not to 
exceed 10 j. : 1,T. Blow ; 2, A. Blake ; 3, Abbott Bros., Southall. The best straw 
hive, with facilities for storing comb honey in sections : 1, Rev. J. L. Sisson; 
2, S. Barge; 3, T. Sells. The best frame hive for general use, the work of an 
amateur or cuttager, being members of the Association : The Rev. A. J. Bellman 
and J. N. Eldridge, equal 2nd. The neatest and best supers, complete with 
racks and sections, for producing honey in the comb in the most saleable form : 
1, T. Sells ; 2, A. Blake ; 3, T. Blow. The best and most complete collection of 
hives, extractors, smokers, feeders, and bee furniture, no two articles alike 
(prizes given by J. J. Colman, Esq., M.P.) : 1, T. Blow ; 2, S Barge ; 3, Abbott 
Bros. Any invention calculated, in the opinion of the Judges, to advance the 
culture of bees : T. Blow, for a feeder. 
Honey. —The best exhibition of super honey from one apiary : 2, T. Sells ; 
3, James Turner, Mulbarton. The best twelve 2-lb. sections of honey in the 
comb : 1, J. N. Eldridge ; 2, J. Turner. The best twenty-four 1-lb. sections of 
honey in the comb : 1, Rev. J. Blake-Ilumfrey. The best twelve 2-lb. glass jars 
of extracted honey : 1, Rev. R. A. White, Ipswich ; 2, F. T. Chevallier, Bungay. 
The best twelve 1-lb. glass jars of extracted honey : 1, R. Howes, Buckeuham. 
The largest and best collection of extracted honey in glass jars : 1, T. Sells. 
Cottagers’ Class (for members of the Association residing in the county.)— 
The best exhibition of honey in the comb, taken from one hive without destroy¬ 
ing the bees (prizes given by the Very Rev. the Dean of Norwich) : 1, and the 
silver medal of the British Bee-Keepers’ Association, Robert Moore, Norwich ; 
2, and bronze medal of the British Bee-Keepers’ Association, Robert Howes. 
Driving Compete! ion. —The competitor who in the neatest, quickest, and 
most complete manner drove out the bees from a straw skep, captured and ex¬ 
hibited the queen : T. Blow. 
Besides the above competitive classes there was an auxiliary 
department for the sale of honey, <kc. 
A PROFESSOR OF BEE-KEEPING. 
In a recent article in the Journal (page 522) Mr. Pettigrew 
urges the advisability of appointing two Professors of Apiculture 
(or bee-keeping, as some would say), one for England, one for 
Scotland, and suggests that Mr. Frank Cheshire would do well 
for the former, Mr. Raitt for the latter. Having brought a some¬ 
what similar proposal before the Committee of the British Bee- 
