244 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ September 14, 1882. 
for a matchless stand of the following varieties :—Henry Walton, 
George Rawlings, Lady G. Herbert, Burgundy, Perfection of Prim¬ 
roses, H. W. Ward, Alex. Cramond, Royal Purple, Lady Wimborne, 
Constancy, John Standish, Julia Wyatt, Prince Bismarck, Goldfinder, 
Jos. Green, Hon. Mrs. P. Wyndham, James Tick, Chas. Leicester, 
J. N. Keynes, a seedling, Ethel Brittain, John Rawlings, Herbert 
Turner, and John Wyatt. Messrs. Keynes & Co. were a very good 
second. Mr. W. Boston, and Messrs. Harkness & Sons, Bedale, 
Yorkshire, third ; both showing good collections. This and the 
three following classes were for nurserymen only. 
Class C was for twelve distinct varieties. Messrs. Paul & Son, The 
Old Nurseries, Cheshunt, were awarded the first prize, their collec¬ 
tion consisting of Walter H. Williams, George Barnes, Lord Palmer¬ 
ston, Constancy, John W. Lord, Criterion, Ben Crossland, Emily Ed¬ 
wards, Jarnes Service, George Chrichett, Christopher Ridley, and Flora 
Wyatt; the second, third, and fourth prizes falling respectively to 
Mr. John Walker, Thame, Oxon ; Messrs. Saltmarsh & Sons, Chelms¬ 
ford, Essex ; and Messrs. R. Yeitch & Sons, New North Road, Exeter, 
in the order of their names. 
Class D, twenty-four distinct Fancy varieties, there were five com¬ 
petitors, Messrs. Keynes & Co. being placed first with a splendid 
collection. The flowers were of large size, and included Miss Lily 
Large, Hercules, Jessie McIntosh, Professor Fawcett, Hugh Austin, 
John. Forbes, Parrot, Chorister, Polly Sandell, Henry Glasscock, 
Monsieur Chauvire, James O’Brien, Maid of Athens, Mrs. Saunders, 
George Barnes, Singularity, sport from Gaiety; John Saunders, 
Robert Burns, Rev. J. B. M. Camm, Fanny Sturt, and two or three 
seedlings. Mr. Charles Turner was a good second, Jessie McIntosh, 
Grand Sultan, James O’Brien, Beauty, and a sport from Gaiety being 
amongst the best. Mr. William Seale, Vine Nursery, Sevenoaks, 
Kent, had the third prize, and Messrs. Cannell & Sons the fourth. 
Mr. .William Boston was recommended for an extra prize. 
Nine collections were staged in Class E for twelve Fancies, Messrs. 
Rawlings Bros, securing the first award with the Rev. J. B. M. Camm, 
Peacock. Hugh Austin, Egyptian Prince, Gaiety, Chorister, George 
Barnes, Hercules, Miss Browning, Barnaby Rudge, Jessie McIntosh, 
and Mrs. Saunders ; Messrs. Paul & Sons the second ; Mr. John 
Walker the third : and Messrs. James Gilbert & Sons, St. Margaret’s 
Nursery, Ipswich, fourth. 
We now come to the amateurs’ classes. For twenty-four distinct 
Show varieties first honours were awarded to Mr. Henry Glasscock, 
Rye Street, Bishops Stortford, for a remarkably even stand of Wil¬ 
liam Rawlings, Mrs. Harris, Prince Bismarck, The Countess, Ethel 
Brittain, Joseph Green, James Vick, J. N. Keynes, Alexander Cramond, 
Lady Golightly, W. H. Williams, Prince Arthur, W. G. Harris, Miss 
Cannell, Miss M. Batchelor, Miss Hodson, Thomas Goodson, Herbert 
Turner, Prince of Demurrk, R;v. J. Gooday, Sunbeam, Miss Edwards, 
and Modesty. The blooms in this stand were not large, but their 
symmetry and freshness were remarkable, and they were greatly 
admired. Mr.. E. Fletcher Charleston, Baildon, near Leeds, received 
the second prize, Chas. Leicester, Acme of Perfection, Clara, Vice- 
President, Countess of Lonsdale and James Vick being the most 
noticeable. Mr. Thos. Hobbs, Lower Eaton, Bristol, secured the 
third prize ; and Mr. Godden, gardener, Manor House, Tovil, Maid¬ 
stone, the fourth. There were eleven competitors in this class. 
In the class for twelve Show varieties sixteen collections were 
staged, first honours falling to Mr. W. B. Butterworth, Green Hill, 
Kidderminster, with an even and fresh collection, comprising Julia 
Wyatt, Duke of Connaught, Mr. Harris, Prince Bismarck, Vice-Pre¬ 
sident, Frank Rawlings, Perfection of Primroses, James Cocker, 
Sunbeam, Royal Queen. Harry Walton, and Criterion. Mr. J. T. 
West, gardener to W. Keith, Esq., Brentwood, Essex, was placed 
second ; Mr. H. Glasscock third ; and Mr. J. Tranter, Upper Assenden, 
Henley-on-Thames, fourth, all running each other very closely. In 
the class for six blooms there were only four competitors. Mr. F. 
Masters, Sheperd’s Cottage, Peneden Heath, Kent; Mr. J. Monk 
Bnckford Cottage, White Horse Hill, Chislehurst; Mr. John Palmer, 
The Larches, Handsworth ; and E. Mawley, Esq., Lucknow House, 
Addiscombe, Croydon, each taking the prize in the order of their 
names. 
Fancy Varieties.—For twelve distinct blooms Mr. Henry Glasscock 
was well ahead with Flora Wyatt, Henry Glasscock, Mrs. Browning 
Parrot, Mrs. Saunders, Professor Fawcett, Viceroy, John Lamont 
Wizard, Letty Coles, Fanny Sturt, and Gaiety. Mr. W. Butterworth 
received the second prize, Mr. E. Fletcher the third, and Mr. C. 
Hockney, Greenfield House, Stokesly, York, the fourth. Seven collec¬ 
tions were staged in this class. For six blooms Mr. J. F. West; Mr. J. 
Ridout, gardener to J. B. Haywood, Esq., Woodhatch Lodge, Rebate • 
Mr. G. Boothroyde, gardener to Miss Ellice, Woodville Hall near 
York ; and James Wigan, Esq., Bishops Stortford, shared the honours 
in the order of their names. 
Class L (open) twenty-four distinct blooms, Pompon varieties, set 
up m bunches of not more than ten trusses, with buds and foliage, on 
boxes covered with moss after the manner of staging Roses, Mr. Chas. 
Turner was worthily awarded first honours, his style of arrangement 
being both pleasing and attractive. His collection consisted of 
E. F. Jungker, Louis Rodani, Isabel, Prince of Liliputians, Fair 
Helen, Wilhelm Nitsche, Little Eva, Garnet, Rosetta, Adonis, White 
Aster, German Favourite, Mabel, Gem, Titania, Professor Bergeat. 
Amelia Barbier, North Light, Nemesis, Princess Sophie, Comtesse 
Von Sternberg, and Favourite. Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons were 
worthily awarded second honours, though the boxes were too crowded, 
and Messrs. Rawlings Bros, third. For twelve blooms, Pompons, 
Mr. Turner was again in the foremost place ; and in addition to those 
named in the larger collection he exhibited The Khedive, Little 
Arthur, Torstmeister, Gschwina, Lady Blanche, Little Duchess, and 
Coquette. Messrs. Keynes & Co. were placed second, Messrs. Paul 
and Son third, and Mr. John Henshaw fourth. 
For twelve single blooms Mr. C. Turner was once more first. The 
same attractive mode of setting up is adopted as with the Pompon 
collections exhibited by him ; the flowers are both fresh and bright, 
and consisted of Yellow Gem, Foxhall, Mauve Queen, Huntsman, 
Canary Bird, Coccinea, Paragon, Lutea, Firefly, Bronze Queen, Alba, 
and The Baron. The flowers were kept in position with wire passed 
round their stems. Second, Messrs. Keynes & Co. with Paragon and 
several good unnamed seedlings. Mr. T. S. Ware, Hale Farm 
Nurseries, Tottenham, third, and Messrs. H. Cannell & Son fourth. 
For six singles Messrs. Turner, Keynes & Co., Ware, and Gilbert and 
Son were awarded first, second, third, and fourth respectively. 
Mr. Turner secured the leading prizes with plants in pots, followed 
by Mr. Cannell in all the classes, except in that of varieties of Dahlia 
gracilis, in which Mr. Cannell secured the prize offered by Mr. Moore. 
The following new varieties were awarded first-class certificates :— 
Condor (Keynes). — A Show variety of a distinct and pleasing 
colour, light cinnamon ; bloom compact, neat and symmetrical. 
Senator (Keynes).—A dark self Show flower, purplish maroon suf¬ 
fused with violet; bloom solid, compact, and of good form. 
Hope (Keynes).—An attractive Show variety ; colour pinkish lilac, 
very soft; petals cupped, and bloom of good outline. 
Earl of Ravensvortli (Harkness).—A large Show flower, but petals 
thin and bloom not compact; colour light fawn, and more singular 
than beautiful. 
Gem (Turner).—A deep scarlet Pompon variety, shown in a pot; 
plant free ; blooms compact, and apparently of faultless form. Rich 
and good. 
Evening Star (Keynes).—Single ; velvety maroon, with smooth over¬ 
lapping slightly recurved petals. Very rich and glowing. 
Acquisition (Keynes).—Single ; body of petals crimson scarlet mar¬ 
gined with bright scarlet; bloom small, neat, and petals of good 
substance. 
White Star (Ware).—Single ; flower small, neat, well formed,almost 
pure white, with a stout stalk which shows the blooms to advantage. 
A variety of much promise, and sure to become popular - . 
It should be added that the champion Show bloom in the Exhibition 
was Herbert Turner, a beautiful white flower, in Mr. Turner’s stand, 
and the champion Fancy bloom Flora Wyatt, exhibited by Mr. 
Walker 
Several miscellaneous exhibits contributed to the effect of the Show. 
Mr. Ware staged some hundreds of blooms of single Dahlias in great 
variety. Some dotted in moss, which did not look well; others on 
hoards that looked better ; still others in finger-glass looking better 
still; and last and best of all, arranged in vases and glasses, represent¬ 
ing them as eminently suitable for dinner-table decoration. The 
curious and almost black Zimapani and the small neat gracilis “ went 
well” together, and Juaresi, or the Cactus Dahlia, had a rich effect 
in large vases. Of this Mr. Turner had a fine stand, and Mr. Cannell 
several bright groups of it with a companion, the white Cactus Dahlia, 
named Constance, and the floriferous Fire King, or Glare of the Gar¬ 
den ; he had also fine Cockscombs, Petunias, Marigolds, Tuberous 
Begonias, and Zonal Pelargoniums. Messrs. Saltmarsh <fc Son of 
Chelmsford staged splendid Asters of the French Pseony and German 
Quilled type, and Mi - . Walker had also excellent blooms of these 
beautiful autumn flowers. 
Mr. Thomas Moore efficiently discharged the duties of Secretary, 
and the Committee have good reason to be satisfied with their first 
grand National Dahlia Show. 
EARTH-CLOSET MANURE. 
On reading the letter of “ J. B. K.” on earth-closet manure, at 
page 218 of your last issue, my first impression was that I must 
Lave committed some error in the way I had put the matter. My 
next reflection was, What a capital letter “ J. B. K.” has written ! 
and I concluded, finally, that whilst there was some reason to be 
impressed with the letter, he had really proved that the mistake, 
if there was one (which I began to doubt), was none of my making, 
and that so far from differing from me his letters really supplied 
strong confirmation of all that I had suggested—viz., that Dr. 
Voelcker was undoubtedly right in the low standard which he 
assigned to earth-closet manure, and that unless used on the spot 
where it is produced, or close to it, the cost of carriage of such a 
weak manure more than eats up its real value. It seems to follow, 
if this be the case, that Mr. Taylor’s preference for it for Vines,.even 
if the manure be an advantageous one to use in his own case, could 
not generally be followed with advantage. There was no discrepancy, 
in fact, between “ sound science as represented by Dr. Voelcker 
and sound practice (advice ?) as represented by Mr. Taylor,” 
because Mr. Taylor’s advice, at least, was not sound, even if his 
practice in his own peculiar circumstances (earth-closet manure 
being more readily available than a manure better adapted intrin- 
