October 26, 1882.] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 391 
and recalled the many interesting things we had witnessed during 
our inspection, we confessed to ourselves that we had seldom seen 
a more beautiful or a better kept place.—A. Pettigrew, Cardiff, 
THE PARSLEY-LEAVED BRAMBLE. 
The above, which is, I am afraid, neither known nor grown in 
the majority of English fruit gardens, is nevertheless one of the 
most valuable and productive of late summer and autumn fruits, 
and is well worthy of notice in the Journal of Horticulture. A 
single row here 22 yards long, and trained to tall stakes after the 
manner of Raspberries, has been producing a constant supply of 
large and well-ripened fruits for six weeks now past, and looks as 
though it will continue to do so for another month should the 
weather continue mild. Up to the present time since the first 
gathering commenced an aggregate of more than two bushels of 
good fruit have been obtained, and employed by our cook in a variety 
of ways for pastry, also for making jam, jellies, cheese, syrup, &c., 
till she tells me she appears to have an inexhaustible supply. It 
appears to be especially adapted for training over light wire arches 
or trellises spanning the kitchen garden walks, where it would be 
both useful and ornamental. Many of the fruiting rods with us are 
10 feet long, and. furnished with long racemes of fruit from the 
base to the summit. I do not know any other fruit-bearing plant 
or shrub which will produce an equally large quantity and long 
succession of fruit for the space occupied. Its cultural requirements 
are very simple, the main point being attention to training and 
tying out the young growths occasionally during the summer, and 
pruning after fruiting in the autumn, when a few of the oldest 
fruiting rods are cut away to mate room for young growths, and 
those left have their laterals cut hack to one or two eyes from the 
base, after which they are again trained to their supports and a 
liberal mulching of manure given to their roots.—W. K. W., 
OakbrooJt, Sheffield. 
EARLY WHITE GRAPES. 
Buckland Sweetwater, though so extensively grown, I con¬ 
sider a comparatively worthless Grape. The reason why it is so 
often seen is because there are so few good white Grapes that ripen 
early under the same treatment as that best of all early Grapes 
the Black Hamburgh. The variety in question answers this pur¬ 
pose very well, but as regards quality it is only second-rate. 
When its flavour-is most perfect the fruit is only just beginning 
to colour, the quality even then being no better than Sweetwater, 
as its name implies ; and at that stage would at an exhibition, 
on the ground of colour alone, be discarded by all good judges, 
whereas when fully ripe the colour is of an objectionable brown 
tint and the flavour insipid, while in many places the Vine is 
a very uncertain bearer. 
Then the question arises, What other early white variety can 
we substitute as a companion to the Black Hamburgh ? The old 
Dutch Sweetwater, though small in both bunch and berry, is of 
far better quality than the above, and that is a property which 
should be sought for in preference to size ; moreover, it is a sure 
cropper. 
Ascot Citronelle is another superb early white Grape, having a 
rich aromatic flavour, and is a profuse bearer ; but this also will 
probably be objected to by some on the ground of size, both bunch 
and berry being small, but in my opinion it is much preferable 
to the first-named variety. 
Foster’s Seedling is also an excellent early variety, and perhaps 
more largely grown than any other of the same class. The bunches 
are large, evenly shouldered, having medium-sized berries, and it 
has a delicious flavour. 
Perhaps ere long someone will be the fortunate raiser of a 
Grape, the size of Duke of Buccleuch, but free from its defects 
as regards spotting and bad keeping. Whoever does this will 
richly deserve, not only the thanks of gardeners, but the large 
financial profit which he will be sure to reap.—W. L. H. 
Columbian Quinine. —During the last two or three years a bark 
containing quinine and quinidine has been imported into this country 
from Columbia in such enormous quantities as to equal, or even some¬ 
times exceed, the whole of the importations of Cinchona bark from 
all other countries. The botanical source of this bark, which is 
known in commerce under the name of Cuprea Cinchona on account 
of its peculiar coppery tint, has hitherto been a mystery. M. Triana, 
the well-known quinologist, has recently succeeded in tracing it out, 
and has stated in the Pharmaceutical Journal for April 22nd, that it 
is derived in great measure from two species of the nearly allied genus 
Remijia, none of the members of which were previously known to 
contain quinine. Several species of Remijia have leaves resembling 
those of the true Cinchonas, and of these M. Triana has determined 
that R. Purdieana, Wedd., and R. pedunculata, Karsten, certainly 
yield Cuprea bark, the former being the species which contains the 
alkaloid Cinchonamme, recently discovered by M. Arnaud. It appears 
probable that other species also yield the Cuprea Cinchona of com¬ 
merce ; but definite information on this point is still wanting. The 
value of this bark has led, according to M. Triana, to great devasta¬ 
tion of the forests in which the trees grow, and has produced a finan¬ 
cial stagnation, business being neglected in order to follow the more 
profitable occupation of collecting the bark. Fortunately seeds of 
the tree have been received, and are now in cultivation at Malvern 
House, Sydenham. The tree is likely to prove valuable for cultiva¬ 
tion in countries where malarial fever abounds, since it grows at an 
elevation of 200-1000 metres above the sea, at which even red Cinchona 
bark will not flourish.— (Nature.) 
ROSE REVE D’OR. 
In looking through your interesting Tea Rose election I am sur¬ 
prised to see no mention made of a Rose which I consider should 
certainly appear in the first dozen if not in the first six—viz., 
Reve d’Or. Is it because some growers say it is difficult to flower ? 
All I can say is, if any grower will plant it in a cool house, and 
let it ramble over the roof inside, he will be amply repaid by 
having some splendid buds of great substance and in colour some¬ 
what deeper than Safrano. As the buds expand they are very 
beautiful, although when full blown the Rose is thin. In the 
month of April I gathered hundreds from one plant budded on a 
Briar.— M. F. Woodley. 
VEGETABLE SHOW AT AYLESBURY. 
NATIVE GUANO. 
PRESUMABLY with the object of bringing before the public the 
merits of what is known as the ABC process of dealing with the 
sewage of populous districts and turning it to useful purposes, the 
Native Guano Company of the above town held an exhibition of farm 
and garden produce last Thursday. The preparations were on the 
most liberal scale, as not only were prizes to the amount of about 
£150 provided by the Company, but silver cups were offered 
by Messrs. Carter & Co. of High Holborn, and Sutton & Sons 
of Reading, for produce grown with the aid of the manure in 
question. Nor was this all. A special train of saloon carriages 
was chartered, and left Paddington heavily freighted with gentle¬ 
men, including the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of London, who 
were interested in the Aylesbury process of sewerage-disposal, and 
its results as displayed in the marquee at the works. A bountiful 
luncheon was also provided for the invited guests, and these, to 
the number of about four hundred, sat down after having critically 
examined the ABC process and the splendid display of vege¬ 
tables placed in competition for the prizes. I have no intention 
of giving a list of the awards, as these would be of limited interest, 
but may briefly describe the character of the Show and note the 
method by which the native guano is obtained. 
The ABC, or precipitating process of treating the refuse matter 
of towns, has by name become familiar to most persons ; but while 
the particular alphabetical designation is well understood by many 
readers of this Journal, it is certainly not comprehended by all. 
No doubt the familiar capitals are regarded by not a few who 
observe them in connection with this subject as symbolical of 
extreme simplicity, and that the precipitating method they re¬ 
present is as easy as A B C. Simple, indeed, and easy the process 
is by which the solid and coloured portion of town refuse is 
collected and the liquid dispersed in a clear bright stream ; yet 
the letters mean something more. They are typical of the 
manner in which the work is done, or rather are the initials of 
the chief ingredients employed in doing it—namely, Alum, Blood, 
and Clay. So much for the name, and now for the process. Here 
it is in a nutshell. The sewage as it falls into the tank is mixed 
with another mixture made of proper proportions of clay, char¬ 
coal, and blood, which at once removes all offensive smell; and 
then, when the whole is a thick opaque mass, a solution of alum 
is added, and the precipitation of the particles of solid matter 
suspended in the water commences at once—the clay, &c., quickly 
sinks to the bottom, dragging all the other impurities with it, leav¬ 
ing the water perfectly clear. Anyone can test the process for 
himself by pouring a solution of alum in a glass tube of muddy 
water, the solid particles will sink to the bottom of the glass and 
the water remain clear. At Aylesbury there are three tanks some 
30 feet square through which the sewage passes, entering at one 
end in all its blackness, the effluent water passing out at the 
other over a channel of white porcelain as clear, to use the words 
of a speaker, as a “ highland burn.” Clear it certainly is, for in a 
tank of it fish appear healthy and happy ; and this water tasted 
