JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. f Member 9, i 882 
General Plumage .—Black, with brilliant green gloss. 
Legs .—Dark slate colour. 
Numerical Value of Points.—Cock. 
Points to be deducted for defects. 
Bad comb. 20 
Stained earlobe . 10 
White face .10 
Deficiency of size .!.!!!!!!!!! 20 
Deficiency of symmetry and condition.".' ’.’' ’" .*' 15 
Showing any crest. 15 
Squirrel tail.10 
A perfect bird to count 100 points. 
Disqualifications. 
Deformity; coloured or white feathers ; red earlobes. 
Numerical Value of Points.—Hen. 
Points to be deducted for defects. 
Bad comb. 13 
Stained ear .15 
White face . 16 
Want of size and condition. 15 
Want of symmetry. ’ 12 
Showing crest.25 
A perfect bird to count 100 points. 
Disqualifications. 
Deformity ; red earlobes ; white feathers. 
COURTES PATTES. 
General Characteristics.—Cock. 
Beale. —Short and stout. 
Comb. —Single, upright, and large. 
Head. —Small. 
Eye. —Bright and vivacious. 
Wattles. —Very long and pendulous. 
Neele. —Thick and well feathered. 
Breast. —Full and carried forward, and very close to the ground. 
Body. —Thick, square, and very low. 
Back. —Medium length. 
Wings. —Large and not tucked up. 
Tail. —Very full and large. 
Sickle Feathers. —Long and very ample. 
Tail Coverts. —Long. 
Thighs. —Very short. 
Legs. —So short that the fluff almost touches the ground. 
Feet. —Medium size. 
Carriage. —In consequence of the shortness of leg much resembles 
that of a Duck. 
General Characteristics.—Hen. 
Beak. —Short. 
Comb .—Of medium size and falling over. 
Wattles. —Well developed. 
Head. —Small. 
Eye .—Bright and soft. 
Neck .—Short. 
Breast. —Very full, carried close to the ground. 
Body. —Square and low, long in proportion to its depth. 
Back .—Long. 
Wings. —Low and rather long. 
Tail. —Large. 
Thighs. —Very short. 
Legs. —Very short, so that the keel of breast is but little removed 
from the ground. 
Feet. —Medium size. 
Carriage .—Very low and waddling. 
Points of Colour in Courtes Pattes.—Cock or Hen. 
Head .—Black. 
Fact. —Ked. 
Eye. —Bright red. 
Wattles. —Red. 
Earlobe .—White. 
Legs. —Black. 
Remainder of Plumage .—Very black and glossy. 
Numerical Value of Points.—Cock and Hen. 
Points to be deducted for defects. 
Length of leg . 25 
Want of size. 15 
Defective carriage. 10 
Red on lobe..., ” \ iq 
Defective comb .. 10 
White feathers... . .. ] 15 
Want of condition. 16 
100 
A perfect bird to count 100 points. 
Disqualifications. 
Feathers on legs ; many white or any coloured feathers in plumage ; 
lobe red. 
OUR LETTER BOX. 
Cow-keeping (A. L. L. W .).—There being 20 acres of land, 15 acres being 
pasture, and 5 acres including large gardens and shrubberries, the first question 
that arises is whether any portion of the garden land can be yearly cropped 
with Mangolds, Carrots, Cabbage, or large cattle Potatoes, and if so how much ? 
Can any portion of the pasture land be converted into tillage, say about two 
acres, for the growth of vegetables for the cattle in the winter months ? If the 
gardens cannot be made to produce roots for the cows, or if none of the pasture 
can be turned into tillage, roots will have to be purchased for feeding the cows 
in winter. We think that five cows may be kept, and recommend three Guernsey 
cows, two to calve in the spring and one in the autumn, in addition to the two 
Kerry cows. The pasture to be made available should be divided in the centre 
with a strong, fixed, fiat-barred iron fence, and a moveable fence to be used 
across strong flat-barred iron hurdles, so that one-half of the pasture should 
be cut for hay each year alternately, the other being fed off by cows, and the 
moveable fence could be used across as to give the animals a change occasionally. 
If the pasture is broken up in part, Rye and Trifolium may now be sown for 
green fodder in the spring, to be followed by Mangolds, Cabbage, and cattle 
Potatoes. 
Farm Horse Stables (J. 0 .).—If the horses are stalled and tethered they 
should stand in pairs as they work together. The double stall is best, and 
should not be more than 10 feet in width, each animal being tethered at the 
extreme corner of the manger; they cannot then cross each other, nor can they 
eat except separately. The rack or manger should be 36 inches above the floor 
of the stall; the top edge of the manger should be 2 feet wide ; at each corner 
the manger used for corn food, &c., should be 2 feet square at the top and 
15 inches deep ; the intervening space between these should be for hay or chaff, 
of the same width and depth, so that each animal may feed in common without 
disadvantage in any respect. Earth floors should be 2 feet deep, filled with 
strong loamy earth, perfectly dry and screened to remove stones. When the 
excavated stalls are filled with dry earth it should be rammed down whilst 
being filled with a heavy iron-headed rammer—it will then absorb the liquid 
manure immediately. The earth in places where it is saturated will have to be 
removed and replaced with dry fine earth as at first, but the removal and 
renewal need not extend beyond the portion stained. The guide as to the time 
and necessity for removal must be noted by the tainted atmosphere of the 
Sv B i.^ or until they begin to give off the fumes of ammonia sufficient to injure 
the health of the horses the floor need not be disturbed beyond the actual 
removal of dung and stained straw. How often the removal of the earth will 
be required will depend upon the manner and correctness of working out the 
details we have given ; but it will require constant attention on the part of the 
proprietor, for it must be remembered that the teamsmen or carters are often 
men of strong prejudices, and will render any plan abortive which they do not 
happen to approve of. We must, however, observe that the best plan is for each 
horse to have a ^box to itself of not less than 10 feet by 12 feet, and then with 
the earth floor it would not require removal or renewal of earth for several 
years, because the urine would fall in different parts of the box, the whole surface 
of the floor would be used for absorption. Still in either case, whether of stalls 
or boxes, especially for nag horses, if the earth is properly rammed down it will 
during use remain hard and smooth. Such a floor can be swept clean, and 
used as well as a concrete or any other floor, without straw or litter of any kind 
when the animals are absent. We have carried out this system for many years 
with great success. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
Camden Square, London. 
Lat. 51° 32 40' N.; Long. 0° 8 0" W.; Altitude, 111 feet. 
DAT*. 
9 A.M. 
IN THE DAY. 
Bain. 
1883. 
October. 
November. 
• V 
CD c3__, 
a co <d 0 
2 ® 
£ ® cH 
S.2 a 
Hygrome¬ 
ter. 
a . 
E a 
5o 
Cis— 11 ( - 1 
S 0«4-< 
Shade Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature. 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
sun. 
On 
grass. 
Sun. 29 
Mon. 30 
Tue«. 31 
Wed. 1 
Thurs. 2 
Friday 3 
Satur. 4 
Inches. 
29.751 
29.893 
30.050 
29.693 
29.860 
29.877 
29.653 
deg. 
45.2 
48.1 
44.0 
53.1 
52.5 
50.5 
53.8 
deg. 
42.2 
46.0 
43.3 
50.2 
49.9 
48.3 
48.3 
N.K. 
S.W. 
w. 
s. 
S.W. 
S.W. 
N.W. 
deg. 
47.0 
46.2 
46.5 
47.1 
47.9 
48.6 
49.3 
deg 
51.0 
52.8 
66.4 
68.3 
57.7 
57.8 
57.9 
deg. 
41.8 
33.3 
40.2 
43.1 
45.4 
48.8 
49.8 
deg. 
89.7 
63.3 
85 9 
84.3 
76.3 
89.8 
91.8 
deg. 
38.5 
27.2 
85.7 
40.8 
89.0 
42.9 
46.0 
In. 
0.306 
0.020 
0.152 
0.097 
29.825 
49.6 
, 46 - 6 
47.5 
65.9 
4322 
81.6 
88.6 
0.575 
REMARKS. 
20 th.—Fine, with bright sunshine; fine prismatic solar halo 1.30 p.m. 
30th.—Fine early ; damp hazy day, with rain. 
31st.—Fine generally. 
Nov. 1st.—Fine at first and warmer, afterwards high gusty wind and showers ; 
gale at night. 
2 nd.—Generally dull, but some bright sunshine at intervals ; gusty wind ; very 
heavy rain at 7.10 P.M. 
3rd.—Fine bright morning; overcast in afternoon, with sprinkle of rain ; high 
wind in evening. 
4th.—Very heavy gale in early morning ; bright breezy day. 
Temperature higher than in the previous week, and slightly above the average. 
Much wind.—G. J. Symons. 
