474 JOURNAL OF HORTIGULTORE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ November 23,1882 
poses. The Teas are not half so tender and delicate as some 
people imagine ; and if proof of this were needed it would only 
be necessary to visit Messrs. Macks’ nursery at Scorton, where, on 
some of the strongest and coldest clay land and in one of the 
coldest counties in England, year after year are to be found as 
fine quarters of the best varieties of Teas budded on Briar cut¬ 
tings, which for vigour often match their more robust neighbours 
the Hybrid Perpetuals in the adjoining quarters. The only dif¬ 
ference made in the culture is that the earth is lightly drawn up 
against the Teas before severe weather sets in, and levelled down 
in spring when all danger of severe frost is past. This appears to 
be all that is necessary to save them in the most severe winters. 
These Tea Roses ought to be more extensively used for bedding 
purposes in ornamental grounds, and would break the monotony 
of the usual summer bedding plants, as they bloom the whole 
summer and autumn, and the young foliage in spring is quite as 
charming and varied as the flowers later on. To give the beds 
a better appearance in winter when the Roses are at rest cuttings 
of evergreens could be stuck in the soil, which, in addition to 
protecting the plants in severe weather, would have an ornamental 
appearance. 
Before bringing my somewhat lengthy remarks to a close I 
should like to say a few words on own-root versus worked plants, 
as there has been a tendency on the part of some writers recently 
to disparage the latter in favour of own-root plants. Nine or ten 
years ago I planted a quarter of about five hundred plants. These 
consisted of plants on Manetti, seedling, and Briar cutting, and a 
portion on their own roots. These Roses were all planted under 
the same conditions and have received the same treatment ever 
since, and on preparing a few days ago to shorten back the long 
shoots I was struck with the greater vigour of the budded plants 
over those on their own roots. Comparing plants of the same 
variety together, although many of the Manetti plants are over 
fifteen or sixteen years old, they still remain in perfect health, 
and give as good exhibition blooms as maidens and one-year cut¬ 
backs. The shoots made during the present season on the stronger¬ 
growing varieties on these old plants were fully 8 feet high. To 
say that better results can be obtained by growing Roses on their 
own roots in preference to budded plants is a delusion, and I feel 
certain, if Mr. Hinton took a poll on the question from all the 
principal growers, that nine-tenths of the votes would be in favour 
of budded plants. The union of stock and scion, both in the case 
of Manetti and Briar, seems so perfect that it leaves nothing to be 
desired, and dwarf Roses on these stocks, properly planted and 
pruned, will, I feel certain, last for any number of years, and grow 
wherever it is possible to grow Roses at all.—J. Burrell, 
Heigliington. 
[Owing to the pressure on our space this week several letters 
must be reserved till next issue.] 
SCRAPS ABOUT FRUIT. 
Apples for the North.— I have had Potts’ Seedling Apple 
for about ten years, and think highly of it ; but it is not quite so 
certain for a full crop as those I have already named. This 
variety, with Ecklinville Seedling, Warner’s King, and New 
Hawthornden. here have been much alike this season. They have 
carried a half crop of first-class fruit. To the shelter afforded 
during the blooming period there is often credited the reason of a 
full crop. Had my place been naturally sheltered, the same 
shelter that would undoubtedly have been advantageous during 
spring would have added to the heat of the position in summer ; 
consequently the fruit buds would have been better matured and 
next season’s crop more certain. Position may make a few 
degrees’ difference in the summer heat in the same locality, and 
this may make all the difference between fruit buds being quite 
ripe and almost ripe. For instance, between Berwick and 
Edinburgh the harvest is at least ten days earlier than it is in the 
county of Durham. In planting it is for gardeners to consider 
this average difference in the temperature, and to plant accord¬ 
ingly. My contention is that with wood well ripened the disaster 
from spring frosts is considerably mitigated ; and this being so, it 
is for planters to discover the varieties of fruit trees that can be 
ripened with the least heat, that securing a crop may be then 
more probable. Of course I am not discarding the truth that some 
people thrive where others starve. I bargain for equal atten¬ 
tion. Unripe wood, the parent of nearly ail the evils that attend 
fruit-growing, can be contributed to in many ways.— Joseph 
Witherspoon. 
The Kittatiny Blackberry. —Could any of your corre¬ 
spondents give me any information respecting the American 
Blackberry Kittatinny ? We have it here, but it never fruits. I 
have protected it during winter with fern to try and save the 
canes. Last winter they came safely through, but still there has 
been no fruit. They are growing on strong soil, and are well 
exposed to the sun. Of the Parsley-leaved variety some plants 
bear well, others do not. I think I will have a bed of them in 
the garden and give them closer attention.—M. E. C. B. 
Lane’s Prince Albert Apple. —This Apple has been recom¬ 
mended to me as a sure bearer and one of the most useful culinary 
Apples ; but before planting it I should be glad to hear if any of 
the readers of the Journal have had experience with it, and if so 
with what results ? If it has failed it would be interesting to 
know under what conditions it was grown as to soil and climate, 
and information of the same nature would be valuable where 
it has succeeded. Any particulars relative to this Apple—its 
bearing and keeping properties, would probably be useful to others 
besides—A Surrey Amateur. 
The Prune and Cluster Damsons.— Will Mr. Luckhurst, or 
any of your fruit-growing contributors, be good enough to say 
which of these Damsons they consider the most likely to give the 
best returns in growing the fruit for market? “The Prunes,” says 
one of my neighbours, “ being the finest are sure to make the most 
money ; ” whereas another says “the Cluster kind is not only by 
far the most productive, but its smaller fruits meet with favour 
and can be invariably sold at remunerative prices.” I am thus in 
a dilemma, and if any of your experienced readers can extricate 
me I shall be thankful, as I should like to plant a hundred trees. 
—N. Fielding, Hants. _ 
Morello Cherries. —Will these do as standard or bush trees 
in the open garden, or must they have walls ? I have seen them 
recommended as bushes, but am not certain that the advice was 
not founded on experience gained in a warm position in the 
south. The question I should be glad to have answered is this. 
Would they be likely to fruit well and ripen their crops in a 
garden, moderately sheltered, in Norfolk; soil medium loam, 
and situation 100 feet above the level of the sea, or thereabouts ? 
0. E. Herbert. 
Hardy Fruits.— In reply to Mr. Maclndoe, allow me to 
say that I know nothing of this Apple he mentions, and that I 
had the Ringer first from the late Mr. Harrison of Darlington. 
Many of your readers as well as myself, I feel sure, would be glad 
if Mr. Maclndoe would give us some of his experience of hardy 
fruit-growing as he finds it in the north-east of Yorkshire. The 
many bare trees we see year after year is sufficiently convincing 
that we know far from sufficient yet of the many traits of cha¬ 
racter of our hardy fruit crops. With well-selected varieties, 
especially with early varieties, I feel quite sure that much money 
could be taken before the American Apples reach us. After such 
selection secure shelter from the west to avoid gales, plant high 
and dry away from destructive spring frosts, and then await with 
sure confidence each season and its golden returns. Last year I 
advised to plant largely of Scarlet Siberian Crab for jam ; perhaps 
I may be pardoned for considering it some evidence of such 
advice being followed that 1 have not been able since to secure 
a tree at wholesale prices.— Joseph Witherspoon. 
BEGONIAS AT SWANLEY. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons have in recent years paid much 
attention to Begonias generally, and a fine stock of all the types is 
now grown in their nursery. In a visit some time since I noted 
some of the best, which may be of interest to those who admire 
Begonias. 
Foremost amongst them were the Tuberous varieties, which had 
been very handsome earlier in the season, but were then getting past 
their best. Some, however, still remained in fine condition, and 
notable amongst these were “ The Seven Cities,” which are newly 
raised varieties bearing exceedingly large flowers, and named after the 
chief cities of the world. The blooms of some of these were 6b inches 
in diameter, the petals proportionately broad, and the colours”bright, 
chiefly shades of scarlet. City of London is crimson scarlet, City of 
Berlin very dark scarlet, City of Pekin orange scarlet; New York, 
Paris, Vienna, and St. Petersburgh representing other shades. These 
have the most massive flowers of any we have seen, and they appear, 
moreover, to be of sturdy habit and free bloomers. 
Another group of flowering Begonias—including such forms as 
B. weltoniensis, B. diversifolia, B. Martiana, B. Martiana gracilis, B. 
Ingrami, B. Knowsleyana, B. Ruchardsiana, B. Sutherlandi, B. Dregei, 
and B. fuchsioides—is especially deserving of notice, as the plants 
are so useful for decorative purposes, so easily grown, so floriferous, 
and so generally attractive that they deserve to rank amongst the 
