56 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ July 15, 1880. 
and Madame Gabriel Luizet (far the most promising variety) in Mr. 
Cranston’s third-prize collection ; the second prize falling to Messrs. 
Davison. The same remarks hold good in respect to the Tea and 
Noisette classes, in which Messrs. Davison & Co. took first prize ; but 
where Messrs. Cant, Mitchell, and Prince are unable to exhibit, or 
not at all in their usual form, a temporary eclipse of this loveliest 
type of Rose must be expected. 
Coming down last, but certainly not least in point of importance, 
to the nurserymen’s division, Messrs. Cranston & Co., as a foregone 
conclusion from their former triumphs this season, carried off first 
honours with grand examples of the leading exhibition varieties. 
Messrs. Curtis & Sanford took second prize with a smaller but fresh 
and good collection. For thirty-six varieties, trebles, Messrs. Cranston 
were again first, and Messrs. Davison & Co. second. For twenty-four 
varieties, single trusses, Messrs. Cranston & Co. and Messrs. Davison 
and Co. were first and second in the order named. In eighteen 
varieties, trebles, Messrs. Jefferies & Bon, Cirencester, gained first 
prize with a remarkably clean and fresh collection. The second and 
third prizes in this class were not awarded. In Class 24, varieties, 
single blooms, Mr. Griffiths, Tillington Nurseries, and Mr. Wm. Lee, 
Lyonshall, gained fiist and second prizes with admirable collections 
after very close competition. 
It only remains to state that the floral decorations for which the 
Exhibition has attained considerable reputation were even on a larger 
scale than usual, and must have considerably taxed all the experience 
and talent which the Hon. and Rev. J. T. Boscawen (who acted as 
Judge in this division), is so well known to possess, in discriminating 
between their rival merits. Through the courtesy and efficiency of 
the hall manager, Mr. Beddoe, all arrangements seemed to give 
general satisfaction. There will be a new Honorary Secretary next 
year to the West of England Rose Show, but still an occasional re¬ 
porter to our “ Rose Journal” in the— Herefordshire Incumbent. 
1 
WORK fmV'he WEEK.. 
m 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Early Cabbage .—A supply of Cabbage early in spring is of great 
importance. If the plants are too early there is danger of their 
running to seed in spring, hence the necessity of sowing so as to 
obviate this. From the 10th to the 16th of this month is quite safe for 
localities north of the Humber, but southward from the 16th to the 
24th will be a suitable time for sowing. The seed should be sown 
rather thinly in an open situation, the object being to keep the plants 
sturdy and short in the stem from the commencement. Ellam’s 
Early Dwarf is one of the best varieties, coming in very quickly ; 
Hill’s Dwarf Incomparable, Wheeler’s Imperial, and Wheeler’s Cocoa- 
nut are admirable early varieties, also Nonpareil Improved, Cattell’s 
Reliance, and Enfield Market. 
Cauliflowers .—Plants intended for yielding heads in autumn should 
be planted without delay, choosing an open situation and well-manured 
ground. Supply the plants freely with water, mulching the ground 
between the rows after the plants become established, and frequently 
water between the rows in dry weather, not only to increase the 
vigour of the plants but to prevent “ buttoning.” 
Broccoli .—Plants of Yeitch’s Self-protecting Autumn and Snow’s 
Winter Broccoli should be planted-out at once, affording them if 
possible sheltered yet sunny situations. Heads may be obtained when 
those in exposed situations are damaged or destroyed. The present 
time is most suitable for planting out the mam crops of spring and 
late Broccolis, which in most gardens make too robust and succulent 
growth, thus becoming more liable to be injured by frost than those 
grown in poorer soil. A loose soil also favours the tendency to 
excessive vigour ; therefore in planting merely loosen the surface for 
the purpose of removing weeds, and before planting give a dressing 
of salt to ground where the crops suffer from ambury or club, half 
peck per rod being a sufficient dressing, or nitrate of soda 1 lb. per rod. 
As ground becomes cleared of Potatoes, Peas, &c., plant Savoys, 
Borecoles, and Kales for a good supply of winter greens. Sow a good 
breadth of Turnips for late summer and autumn use, and continue 
successional sowings of Radishes, Round Spinach, and Lettuce. The 
main crop of Endive should now be sown ; Round-leaved Batavian 
and Green Curled are suitable varieties, Picus being a very desirable 
finely curled or cut variety, with a large quantity of edible leaves 
which are readily blanched. Parsley which has been transplanted 
endures the winter much better than that allowed to remain where it 
was sown, therefore transplant some where protection can be afforded 
in severe weather. 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
Continue to carry out former directions as regards the stopping or 
removal of superfluous or foreright shoots of all kinds of fruit trees, 
nailing or tying-in when trained to walls, so as to afford the advantage 
of increased sunshine and air to ripen the wood and buds. Figs on 
walls should have similar attention, the points of all shoots being 
pinched out except the leaders, and where the shoots are crowded 
they should be well thinned out. Yines trained to walls should have 
the growths closely nailed in, the laterals kept well pinched and 
superfluous growths removed, so as to afford the wood and fruit the 
fullest advantage of sun and air. Many outdoor fruits will now 
require to be protected by nets from the ravages of birds. 
Strawberries .—Ground intended for new plantations should now’ be 
prepared by heavy manuring and deep trenching, or at least by being 
deeply dug. Preparation will also require to be made of plants for 
planting ; and the best plan is to layer runners in small pots, selecting 
the runners from fruitful plants only, and by attention to watering in 
dry weather they will soon fill the pots with roots, when they should 
be planted out and attended to with w r ater until established. If kept 
free from weeds and runners they will afford a crop of fruit next 
season, as full as plants allowed to root in the soil naturally will do in 
the second year; indeed the finest fruit will be had the season follow¬ 
ing planting, amply repaying the little extra trouble of layering in 
pots. In light soils the Strawberry should be treated as a biennial 
or at most as a triennial crop, whilst in heavy soil the plants have 
longer staying power, and will continue in bearing. The plants may 
be placed 15 inches asunder in rows 30 to 36 inches apart, which will 
be sufficient space the first season and ensure a fuller crop. But 
as soon as the fruit is gathered every alternate plant should be 
removed, which will leave them 30 inches asunder every way, more 
and finer fruit being had than by overcrowding. Pioneer, Yicomtesse 
Hericart de Thury, President, Sir Joseph Paxton, Lucas, Loxford 
Hall Seedling, Eureka, Dr. Hogg, and Unser Fritz are reliable varieties. 
PLANT HOUSES. 
Orchids .—Thunia Bensonise and T. albus come into flower about 
this time, and are valuable when many are on the wane. They 
should be in every collection, and are of easy culture, needing much the 
same treatment during growth as Calanthes. Supply the latter with 
weak liquid manure, also Limatodes rosea ; and as they are subject to 
attacks of red spider, thrips, and scale, sponge the leaves with soapy 
water and afterwards with clean rain water. Cattleyas and Lselias 
in growth require plenty of moisture to enable them to make strong, 
plump, pseudo-bulbs. Many of the early-growing Orchids will have 
completed their growths for the season, and will require to be re¬ 
moved to a cooler hotise, where they can have more air and light, 
and a temperature of about 60° without sun heat. Dendrobium 
nobile, D. Cambridgeanum, with others of the genus, if retained in 
their growing quarters, will often make a second growth, which 
seldom becomes well matured ; therefore place them in a house with 
less moisture and heat, ventilating freely. Keep the Odontoglossum 
house cool and moist, affording plenty of water to the roots of those 
growing freely. Odontoglo3sums and Masdevallias growing strongly 
and having filled their pots with roots should now have a shift. 
Sobralias being subject to red spider should be freely syringed and the 
leaves sponged. Frequent fumigation will be necessary to keep down 
aphides and thrips. 
Greenhouse .—In hot weather hard wooded plants will require very 
considerable and careful attention in watering. Plants in vigorous 
growth and having abundance of roots may not show any indication 
of requiring water in the morning, but they should be examined 
before the usual time of watering in the afternoon, and be supplied 
as needed. Mischief is often done by permitting a plant to flag and 
then saturating the soil. In an hour or two the plant will freshen 
up and may appear all right, but in a week or two it will begin to 
flag at the points when exposed to the full sun, and this time it is 
not by want of water, for the soil is found wet enough, and if the 
plant is turned out many of the roots will be found dead. It is the 
heavy first watering after becoming dry that is the cause of this, 
