December 2, 1880. ] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
499 
Auguste Buchner (Leveque et fils).—Bright scarlet shaded ; 
large, full, imbricated form. Growth vigorous. Extra. 
Madame Montct (Liabaud).—Very soft rose ; large, almost 
full. Growth very vigorous. Very fine. 
Anicet Bourgeois (Moreau Robert).—Bright cherry red ; large, 
full, cupped, blooming in clusters. Growth very vigorous. 
Georges Moreau (Moreau et Robert) —Very bright shaded red ; 
very large, opening well, globular. Growth very vigorous. 
Bumnacus (Moreau et Robert).—Shaded red ; very large, full, 
cupped, blooming in clusters. Growth very vigorous. 
Souvenir de Madame Bioche (Pernet).—Carmine rose ; large, 
almost full and globular. Growth vigorous. 
TEA. 
Antoine Bevert (Gonod).—White, with sulphur yellow in the 
centre ; reverse of the petals salmon rose ; large, full, fine form. 
Growth very vigorous. 
Baron Alexander de Prints. —Pink, striped with red and white. 
New colour, of medium size. Growth vigorous. 
Fiangaillcs de la Princcsse Stephanie et de VArchduc Rudolf 
(Levet).—Salmon orange yellow, of medium size. Growth very 
vigorous. A seedling from Gloire de Dijon. 
Madame Caro (Levet).—Salmon yellow ; of medium size, fine 
form, very full. Growth very vigorous. 
Madame Chedane Guinnosseau (Leveque et fils).— Sulphured 
canary yellow ; beautiful in bud ; in the shape of Madame Falcot ; 
large, full, fine form. Growth vigorous. A grand addition for 
market Roses. 
Madame. Amadin (Pernet).—Very bright rose, with white in 
the centre ; very large, almost full. Growth vigorous. 
Madame Joseph Schwartz (Schwartz).— White, tinged with flesh 
rose ; full, of medium size. Growth vigorous. A seedling from 
Comtesse Labouthe. Extra. 
Heine Maria Pia (Schwartz).—Deep rose, crimson in the 
centre ; large, full. Growth very vigorous. A seedling from 
Gloire de Dijon. 
Prince Prosper d'Arenbcvg (Soupert etNotting).— Salmon red, 
carmine in the centre, reverse of the petals clear carmine ; of 
medium size, full. Growth very vigorous. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Madame Isaac Pereire (Margottin fils).—Hybrid Bourbon. 
Beautiful vivid carmine ; large, full, of immense size ; perfect 
imbricated form, blooming all the season. Growth very vigorous. 
First-class variety. 
Madame Cecils Bonner (Ducher).—Hybrid Polyantha. Bright 
rose, yellowish in the centre ; flowering in clusters ; very sweet, 
of dwarf habit. Very vigorous. This variety is a seedling from 
the Rosa polyantha, and will be very useful for bedding. 
Blanche Moreau (Moreau Robert).—White Perpetual Moss. 
Fine pure white ; large, full, opening well, of perfect form, bloom¬ 
ing in clusters. Growth very vigorous. 
Madame Julie Weidman (Soupert et Notling).—Salmon silvery 
rose, carmine and yellow in the centre ; reverse of the petals 
violet. Large and full. Extra. 
Such is the first instalment. We can hardly expect it to be the 
only one ; but such as it is, we may say of the Roses armed 
with the descriptions, There are some novel things to be seen.— 
D., Beal. 
GROWING GRAPES WITHOUT FIRE HEAT. 
Mr. F. Walker’s article on page 477, no doubt written in good 
faith, is, I think, likely to be misleading to many, not perhaps so 
much to the professional man as the amateur. I have carefully read 
the article, and I cannot see the advantage of growing Grapes as 
described. I do not say they cannot be so grown, but a certain 
amount of artificial heat produces surprising results. I do not 
know in what part of the country your correspondent is situated, 
but I think he might have favoured us with that information. 
Grapes and good fruits are grown under glass without fire heat, 
but of course unless the weather is very favourable there is but 
little chance of keeping them, more especially if the house is used 
for other plants. In a cold house I should prefer the spur to the 
rod system, on account of ripening the wood. No doubt some 
will read with a shrug of their shoulders about your correspondent’s 
Black Hamburgh Grapes turning sour : this is, I presume, what we 
should call shanking. In my experience, after the Grapes are ripe, 
nothing will turn them sour. My chief objection to an unheated 
structure for Vines is that there are so many such buildings, and 
these ever increasing, that it causes a bulk of Grapes to be in the 
market, and spoils the sale of better fruit. Then, again, if the 
house is heated it is useful all the winter, and I believe the little 
fire required to keep frost out is of the greatest benefit in ripening 
the wood, provided the house is well ventilated. 
Reverting to the article in question, I am quite convinced that 
whatever advantage Mr. F. Walker may see in his practice 
would be outweighed were he to experiment with a little fire heat. 
The number of bunches given is satisfactory, but weight is always 
preferable. One of the best of Grapes after the Black Hamburgh 
for cold houses is Black Alicante, but to keep it without fire heat 
is another question. This summer I had on newly planted Vines 
bunches weighing 2^ lbs., but I made no attempt to keep them. 1 
only had one or two bunches on each, so they were not worth the 
trouble. Lady Downe’s is the worst I know for cold houses ; in 
the first place it is difficult to set, and then when the damp 
autumn days arrive the Grapes soon become unfit for use. In the 
southern counties this culture is carried on with greater success 
than I should ever expect to attain in this county if I felt dis¬ 
posed to try it. In advising those who are contemplating building 
a small house for Vine-growing, I always recommend them to 
have it heated. I know this principle is sound, and I have no doubt 
three out of four of your readers will agree with me. Do not let 
your readers suppose it is impossible to grow Grapes with success 
in cold houses, as I have done it myself, and after growing them 
so with the aid of a paraffin stove have kept them till Christmas ; 
but the Black Hamburgh does not improve by keeping, fruit of 
this variety losing colour fast after it is ripe.— Stephen Castle, 
The Vineyard, West Lynn, Norfolk. 
[The Grapes referred to were grown in the Isle of Wight. The 
advice to have vineries heated is sound.— Eds.] 
CHAPTERS ON INSECTS FOR GARDENERS.—No. 15. 
NEW SERIES. 
“ Beetle-crushers” is the uncomplimentary phrase by which 
sundry newspapers are fond of designating the feet of the damsels 
in some of the American States, where fresh air and exercise 
favour a pedal development that is useful if not elegant. Pro¬ 
bably there is a natural tendency, more marked in woman than in 
man, leading us to step upon a beetle purposely that may happen 
to be in our path ; and it is one of the traveller’s tales, often told 
though not always believed, that in warmer countries than our 
own the beetles appear at times in such numbers that it is impos¬ 
sible to avoid crushing them along the roads. It is even asserted 
that the insects have so swarmed occasionally as to obstruct the 
passage of vehicles by clogging the wheels ! The beetles that are 
in popular language called “chafers”—for so the Dame is properly 
spelt, not with the double f the root being an old Saxon word 
meaning to devour—are, I believe, of all the beetles occurring in 
Britain most notable for appearing in swarms, partly because they 
are frequently bred numerously in a small space, but partly also 
because they have a liking for each other’s society. These chafers 
form the concluding group of the Lamellicorn beetles, with leaf¬ 
like horns, and so resembling the dung-beetles last described. In 
habit, however, they are generally vegetarian, and amongst the 
insects that are unfriendly to horticulture. We, however, suffer 
but slightly from these as compared with other lands : on the con¬ 
tinent, for instance, the harm done by the larva of the cockchafer 
in some seasons is fearful. The perfect insect or beetle is also at 
times so numerous as to strip off the leaves from entire plantations, 
leaving an appearance that almost suggests to the observer that 
there had been a colony of locusts upon the spot. As producers 
of insect music the chafers are quite able to rival the dors. The 
use of this humming or buzzing is perhaps chiefly protective. 
It is not needful to describe an insect so welt known as is the 
common cockchafer (Meloloni ha vulgaris), which generally shows 
itself in beetle form during the month of May ; nor is the larva 
unknown to most gardeners, though its life history may not have 
been worked out by them, since they are naturally anxious to 
destroy all examples that may turn up of the “ white grub,” as it 
has sometimes been called. In Ireland, observes one entomolo¬ 
gist, folks often call it the “ Connaught grub ; ” why he does not 
profess to say—a fleshy rather mis-shapen creature, and should 
it be near its full size, one apparently helpless when unearthed, 
from the fact that the abdomen is gorged with food. Under 
ground, indeed, this grub does not move about much, the legs 
being feeble ; but there is plenty of power in the head and jaws. 
Owing to the long duration of their larval state (nearly three years) 
cockchafers, while working unseen though not unnoticeable. do 
great harm to pasture ar.d corn fields, and also in some gardens. 
Fortunately they have several enemies amongst the birds, the 
rook being an eager follower of the plough or spade to pick up 
larvae that are dislodged. Besides birds some quadrupeds and 
reptiles feed upon them as larvae or beetles, and they have insect 
foes, yet somehow their numbers keep up from year to year. 
