December 2, 1880. ] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 507 
Louise, Huyshe's Victoria, and others ; and Charles Cobbe, Esq., 
for Apples, Cox’s Orange Pippin being very fine. Chrysan¬ 
themums were well represented, particularly the cut blooms. 
For large-flowered varieties Francis Low, Esq., Avonmore, Stil* 
organ (gardener, Mr. Gough), and Alexander Comyns, Esq., 
Ardcuaine (gardener, Mr. Jenkins), obtained the chief prizes 
with good collections ; the latter secured the chief award for 
Anemone-flowered varieties, followed the Rev. Frederick Tymons 
(gardener, Mr. M'Keogh) with a collection of Pompons. 
- A correspondent sends the following note concerning 
the Exhibition op Chrysanthemums at Manchester. The 
autumnal Exhibition in connection with the Botanical and Horti¬ 
cultural Society, Old Trafford, was opened on Tuesday the 23rd 
ult., in the Town Hall, Albert Square. The display of Chrysan¬ 
themums was the main feature of the Exhibition, as, owing to the 
inclemency of the weather, many delicate plants, which would 
otherwise have been sent to add to the beauty of the Show, were 
kept in the greenhouses. The collection exhibited by Mr. C. S. 
Agnew included thirty specimen Chrysanthemums bearing blooms 
of unusual size. Many of the flowers were from 15 to 18 inches 
in circumference. The plants from the Botanical Gardens, which 
consisted of about 250 Chrysanthemums, were arranged upon the 
platform and around the organ in a very effective manner. The 
other exhibiiors were Mr. G. F. Lee of Timperley, Mr. Crompton 
Potter of Rusholme, and several nurserymen. The gold medal 
of the Society was awarded to Mr. C. S. Agnew of Eccles Old 
Road. Cultural certificates were given to a group of Chrysan¬ 
themums exhibited by Mr. John Rylands of Stretford ; and to 
G. & W. Yates of Stockport. Messrs. Dickson, Brown, and 
Tait were awarded certificates of commendation for Cyclamens 
and Roman Hyacinths ; Mr. G. F. Lee and Mr. Crompton Potter 
obtained a similar honour for displays of cut blooms of Chrysan¬ 
themums ; while Messrs. Dickson, Brown, & Tait were commended 
for a show of miscellaneous plants. 
- At Hackney, too, Messrs. S. Dixon & Co. have in the 
Amherst Nurseries a fine collection of Chrysanthemums, in¬ 
cluding many of the newest varieties. The Japanese forms are 
particularly noteworthy, the examples of the distinct and at¬ 
tractive Mons. Crousse, Nuit d’Automne, Arlequin, Lutea striata, 
and Fleur d’Hiver being excellent. 
- Mr. B. E. James sends us the following note on the 
Bristol Exhibition op Fruit and Plants held last week— 
“ The Chrysanthemums formed the chief feature of the Show, and 
were uncommonly fine both in the health of the plants and the 
size of the blooms. Mr. Bradner of Bristol was the chief exhi¬ 
bitor, and carried off the principal prizes. Messrs. J. Garraway and 
Co., Durdbam Down Nurseries, also exhibited largely, taking 
many prizes, and the Knightian medal offered by the Royal Hor¬ 
ticultural Society. Miscellaneous collections of plants were 
numerous and good, while, although Pears and Apples were not 
very abundant, they were represented by several good collections.” 
- Last week two correspondents obligingly sent us reports 
of the Gravesend Autumn Exhibition that, however, arrived 
too late for insertion. The following briefly indicates the chief 
features of the Show, which was held in the Milton Hall on the 
17th and 18th ult. Chrysanthemums formed the most imposing 
part of the Exhibition, though fruit and vegetables were also well 
represented, and the entries in all classes showed an improvement 
over last year. In the chief class for four dwarf-trained specimen 
Chrysanthemums the prizetakers were Mr. R. Lambkin, gardener 
to J. S. Dismore, Esq.; Mr. Phillips, gardener to Capt. Jackson, 
Meopham ; and Mr. Hollman, gardener to the Rev. Lewis, The 
Vicarage, Meopham ; these exhibitors also carrying off several 
other prizes for plants. Cut blooms were good, Messrs. Phillips ; 
Hollman ; G. Pendred, gardener to C. Umfreville, Esq. ; and 
W. Etherington, gardener to R. StewaH, Esq., Svvanscombe, 
securing the principal prizes ; while in the fruit classes Mr. J. 
Wright, gardener to C. Bryant, Esq., Gravesend ; Mr. Pendred ; 
and Mr. T. Richardson, gardener to Sir James Ferguson, were 
the most successful. The Committee, which is wholly composed 
of gardeners, may be congratulated upon their satisfactory 
management. Another correspondent kindly forwarded a report 
of the Northampton Chrysanthemum Show, which also unfor¬ 
tunately arrived too late for insertion. The Exhibition is stated 
to be one of the best that has been held by the Society, the exhibits 
being numerous and of good quality. 
MANCHESTER FRUIT AND VEGETABLE MARKETS. 
( Continued from page 443.) 
Carrots first appear in the market in April; they come from 
France in bunches. About the first week in June they begin to 
arrive from Holland, also in bunches. Then come supplies from 
Bedfordshire. Towards the end of August large supplies come 
loose in trucks from Lincolnshire and Huntingdonshire, increas¬ 
ing in quantity as the season advances. The rate for bringing 
them from the last three places mentioned is from 11s. 8 d. to 
13s. per ton. 
The Turnips supplied to the market for culinary purposes are 
grown almost exclusively within a few miles of it. They consist 
of three sorts. First, a very excellent variety raised by Mr. 
James Kelsall, late of Stretford, now of Picton Gorse Farm, near 
Chester, about fifteen years ago. During the winter two yellow 
kinds are most in favour—the “ Orange Jelly,” brought out by 
Messrs. Dickson & Brown, the eminent seedsmen of Chester, and 
the “ Scarisbrick Yellow.” The “White Stone,” generally seen 
in the south of England markets, finds no favour here. 
Forced Rhubarb makes its first appearance in the market in 
Christmas week. As the spring advances the supply increases, 
and large quantities are sold. A great deal is grown in this 
locality ; but the largest quantity and the finest quality that 
comes from any one place is grown by Mr. Joseph Whitwell of 
Kirkstall, near Leeds. Mr. Whitwell has made its cultivation a 
speciality. The forced is succeeded by an abundance of the 
naturally grown, nearly every gardener who comes to the market 
contributing a portion. Thirty-five years ago the late Mr. Samuel 
Osbaldiston of Baguley was almost the cnly person who brought 
Rhubarb to the market. He grew the kind known as “ Myatt’s 
Victoria ; ” there was then an intermittent supply of the dwarf red 
kind, grown upon Preston old racecourse. But Mr. Osbaldiston was 
undoubtedly the first w T ho brought Rhubarb into the Manchester 
market, and he also claimed a similar honour for Strawberries. 
Vast quantities of green vegetables are grown in and about 
Stretford, where the land is very highly cultivated, for this 
market; and in Stretford and the adjacent parishes of A.shton- 
upon-Mersey, Sale, Baguley, and Timperley many Strawberries 
are grown. Apples, Pears, and Plums were formerly plentifully 
grown about Stretford ; indeed, forty years ago there were no 
more fruitful orchards north of the Trent, but the same city which 
has contributed so much to the wealth of the owners of the soil 
around it has, with its polluted atmosphere, made sad havoc with 
their trees, which now “ but cumber the ground,” and conse¬ 
quently are fast disappearing under the axe to make way for the 
growth of things more profitable. 
Celery usually makes its first appearance in the market about 
the second week in July. It is grown extensively upon the moss 
land in the parish of Ashton-under-Lyne, and is the variety known 
as “ Lady White.” This is followed by the “ Seymour White,” 
grown principally about Sale, Ashton-upon-Mersey, and Tim¬ 
perley ; and next comes a supply from the neighbourhood of Ret¬ 
ford in Nottinghamshire, which is called the “ Grove-red.” A 
considerable quantity is also sent from Lincolnshire. From the 
two last-mentioned places the supply lasts into April. 
English Onions are chiefly supplied from Bedfordshire. From 
August to May there are frequently from CO to 80 tons sent to 
Manchester from that locality in one week. The carriage costs 
from 185. 4 d. to 205. per ton. Between July and April large 
quantities come from Holland ; rates for carrying about 235. 4 d. 
per ton. 
From September to June there are heavy arrivals from Ger¬ 
many. The lowest rate for bringing them is 26.?. 10 d. per ton. 
When brought from the most distant part of that country the 
rate is as high as £5 per ton. Of course such importations can 
be made only when the price is very high. 
Arrivals of Belgian Onions are in their plenitude during August 
