166 
PLANTING TREES AND SHRUBS. 
1st. The injudiciousness with which they are plan¬ 
ted. 
2nd. The inadaptation of the soil to the nature of 
the tree. 
3rd. The length of time they have been out of the 
ground. 
Trees should be removed with care, so as to pre¬ 
serve as many roots as possible, and if any get broken, 
or injured, they should be pruned off, and while the 
preparation for planting is going on, the roots should 
be covered with soil, to prevent the sun and wind 
drying them. 
When trees have been received from a distance, 
immediately after being unpacked, the roots should 
be covered with earth, (or as it is termed,) laid in, 
until the ground in which they are to be planted is 
ready to receive them. If the soil in which they are 
to be permanently planted, be a good loam, or in a 
previously cultivated state, little more will be required? 
than to prepare the holes, which should be dug out 
full spade deep, and made sufficiently large to admit 
the roots of the tree to be planted in their natural di¬ 
rection. Loosen the soil at the bottom of the hole, and 
set the tree so that it may be quite as deep, or an inch 
or two deeper than it previously stood. When all is 
ready, set the tree, spread out the roots carefully, and 
cover them with two or three inches of fine soil; give 
the tree a gentle shake, so as to admit the soil between 
the roots, and trample it as the hole is being filled up, 
to close any cavities that might otherwise remain. 
Leave it a little hollow round the tree, to admit the 
rain, and in dry weather, it may be necessary to water 
