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THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. 
[October 19, 187?. 
MEETING AT MANCHESTER. 
A meeting of the pharmacists of Broughton and 
Cheetham was held at the Knowsley Hotel on Wednes¬ 
day night. There was a good attendance. With the 
exception of a few who were unavoidably absent, all the 
pharmacists of the district were present. A resolution 
was passed recommending the entire closing of shops on 
Sunday, and, where practicable, at eight o’clock on other 
days. Reference was made to the Post-Office arrange¬ 
ments for the late collection of letters from receiving- 
houses, which often prevents early closing. An advance 
upon the retail prices in the Manchester list was also 
approved. It was suggested that at the next meeting the 
subject of Pharmaceutical Education should he discussed. 
NORWICH CHEMISTS’ ASSISTANTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
The annual supper of the above association was held 
at the Rooms, on October 10th; the President, Mr. A. 
Hill, occupying the chair. 
There was a fair attendance of members. After the 
usual loyal toasts, the Chairman rose to propose the 
health of the Vice-President, Mr. E. Nuthall, and at 
the same time stated that he had the pleasure of asking 
his acceptance of a despatch-box, subscribed for by the 
members of the association, in token of their esteem; 
and also of gratitude for the kindness and untiring 
energy which he had displayed in conducting the affairs 
of the society. Mr. Hill said further that Mr. Nuthall 
had founded the association, and it was mainly due to 
his great exertions that it had prospered. 
Mr. Nuthall made a brief reply in acknowledgment, 
and the remainder of the evening was spent in proposing 
various toasts, which were pleasantly interspersed with 
songs by a few of the members. 
LEEDS SCHOOLS OF ART AND SCIENCE. 
On Monday, October 7th, there was a large gathering 
in the picture gallery of the Mechanics’ Institute, Leeds, 
the occasion being the distribution of prizes to the suc¬ 
cessful pupils connected with the Leeds Schools of Art 
and Science. Sir John Pakington, M.P., presided, and 
in opening the proceedings said that there was no use 
mincing matters, but, no doubt, partly from their 
insular position, and partly from the habit Englishmen 
had of entertaining rather a good opinion of themselves, 
they in their pride were formerly unconscious of the 
ignorance which was a disgrace to the people, and which 
was not only a disgrace, but was interfering with and 
marring the material welfare and prospects of the country. 
He alluded to the spread of mechanics’ institutes through- 
out"the country; and said that where, as in Leeds, the 
commerce consisted of a great variety of manufactures, 
he was convinced that nothing could be more likely to 
promote those manufactures and make them creditable 
to the locality and beneficial to the people engaged in 
them than the cultivation of art’and science. 
CANON KINGSLEY ON LECTURE TEACHING. 
As President for the year of the Birmingham and 
Midland Institute, the Rev. Canon Kingsley delivered 
the inaugural address on Monday, October 7, before a 
numerous audience. The address was a very im¬ 
portant and suggestive one, and contained the following 
remarks upon the extent to which attendance at lectures 
is of service to the student:— 
“ The student, if he wished to diverge from the narrow 
ruts of an old-fashioned grammar-school curriculum, had 
to find his way for himself; to search for himself for 
facts, for books which might contain the facts he needed 
scattered up and down in them. Probably he never 
found the books he needed ; too probably, also, the books 
did not exist—certainly not the school books; and if he 
found them he had to arrange and to infer for himself, 
with what mother wit he might possess, while they now 
had all, and more, done ready to their hand than he in 
his youth could do for himself, or even get done for him. 
Other men had laboured, and his dear young hearers 
were entering into their labours. If they asked his 
friend Professor Henry Morley how he got the mate¬ 
rials for those lectures on English literature, in which 
he, above any man in England, had the right to be heard 
—lectures at which he would gladly sit at his feet as a 
disciple, and which moved in him as much energy as he 
was capable of; if they asked him, he said, how he came 
to know all that, he might be too modest to answer them, 
but he (Canon Kingsley) would answer for him—not by 
other men’s speech, but from his own work; not by at¬ 
tending lectures, though he might have done that and 
profited by them, but by that which alone could make 
lectures profitable to him—by honest private toil, by 
long and careful study of the documents themselves, by 
deliberate and original thought about them, spread, he 
doubted not, over many years. The once famous Sir 
Nicholas Grimcrack, who tried to teach himself to swim 
by lying on his dinner table, and striking out in imita¬ 
tion of the frog in his basin, taught himself at least the 
attitude of swimming; but by merely attending lectures 
they would not teach themselves even the attitude ne¬ 
cessary for their subject—the attitude of mind by which 
the facts were discovered, by which they must be under¬ 
stood, by which they must be turned to use—they would 
not acquire the inductive habit of mind which arranged 
and judged of facts. Still less, therefore, would they 
acquire the deductive habit of mind which made use of 
facts after they had been arranged and judged, and the 
lecturer would be to them but a sort of singer, a player 
upon a fiddle, who made for them pleasant and interest¬ 
ing noises for a while, producing mere impressions, 
which never sank into the intellect, but merely touched 
the emotions, to run off them, at the first distraction, like 
water off a duck’s back. He would therefore advise his 
younger friends to remember this for themselves in this 
age of periodical literature and learning made easy,— 
that we were all too apt to forget that we must work for 
ourselves; that good lectures, like good reviews, were 
not meant to see for us, but to teach us to use our own 
eyes; and those they must use at home, in hard study, 
personal study, continuous study—and study, too, rather 
of one subject than of many subjects, in order that, by 
learning how to learn one thing thoroughly, they might 
learn how to learn anything and everything else in its 
turn. If the students w r ould bear in mind this homely 
saying of his, they would find, he doubted not, their ad¬ 
mirable programme of lectures and classes as useful as it 
was comprehensive.” 
EARLY CLOSING IN BALLARAT. 
A meeting of chemists and druggists, and their assist¬ 
ants, was held at Lester’s hotel, Ballarat, on the 10th 
June, at 10 o’clock p.m., to consider the feasibility of 
shortening the hours of business. The strongest argu¬ 
ment that could be advanced in favour of the reform was, 
that their time of meeting, and the close of their delibera¬ 
tions, extended beyond our usual time of going to press. 
At the latest moment we learn that extracts from a 
leading article of the Pharmaceutical Journal, by Mr. 
Giles, of Bristol, were read, and reports of the movement 
in the different towns in England; and it was resolved 
that, on and after the 1st August, the chemists and drug¬ 
gists of Ballarat should be respectfully requested to close 
their shops at nine o’clock, the public to be duly notified 
by advertisements in the daily papers of the change, so 
that no vexation or disappointment should be caused. 
Cases of emergency to be attended to as usual. The hon. 
secretary, Mr. Chamberlain, was instructed to obtain 
the signatures of all who were prevented from attending 
the meeting, and to notify them of the unanimity and 
necessity which existed in the movement. He was also 
instructed to notify the change to the public .—Ballarat 
Courier. 
