622 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. 
[February 8, lS'JS. 
in the city of Morocco, although somewhat extensive, 
cannot he said to have yielded rich results. As 
might he expected, many of the herbs proved to be 
old friends with new names. At the same time, a 
certain interest attaches to the identification of our 
■own remedies amongst the Moors; and I am yet in 
hopes, that some additions to our remedies may 
result from the present inquiry. On the whole, it 
seemed to me that the matter possessed enough of 
interest to bring it under the notice of the Pharma¬ 
ceutical Society. It will be easily understood that 
the difficulty of identifying roots and some other 
parts of plants has been very great, and that many 
specimens have consequently been as yet unde¬ 
termined. In this place it is proper to add, that I 
have derived much assistance from Mr. Collins, who 
compared the specimens with those in recognized 
■collections. I have taken much pains to render 
the vernacular names as closely as possible in 
English. These names appear to be, in almost every 
instance, peculiar to Morocco. Very few of them 
hear any resemblance to the Arabic names for the 
same drugs given in books. 
Leaves, Flowers, and Plants. 
Labiates. 
Zater.— Thymus species ? —FLjwers. The infu¬ 
sion is used to promote digestion. It was formerly 
•exported to Holland in large quantities.* It is also 
much used by the Moors for flavouring tea. 
Aflau. — Thymus species ? —Flowers, etc. They 
.have a peppermint-like odour. The infusion is used 
for flatulence and colicky pains. 
Taserkina. — Thymus species ? —The infusion is 
used in diarrhoea. 
Elhalhal. — Micromeria species ? —Tops, etc. Sto¬ 
machic, etc. 
Azeer. — Lavandula stccchas, L.—Leaves. Used 
for fumigation in small-pox, gonorrhoea, etc. 
S’dia.— Lavandula stoschas. — Tops. Used in colic, 
etc. The two last appear to be different names for 
different parts of the same plant. 
M’roy. — Marrubium undulatum, Benth.—Tops. 
Used in stomach affections. 
Timza. — Mentha sylvestris, L. ?—Tops. Used in 
diarrhoea. 
Maroui or Marout. — Ballota lanata , L. Used 
for removing the scabs of small-pox, and as an ap¬ 
plication tolisemorrhoids, etc. 
Rutaccos. 
Ruta. — Ruta angustifolia, Pers.—Rue. Carried 
about the person as a safeguard against infection, etc. 
•Given for “nervousness,” etc. 
Composites. 
Sech. — Artemisia Aragonensis , Lam.?—Tops. 
"Barbary'worm-seed. Used in infusions for colds and 
also in fumigation for small-pox, etc. It is ex¬ 
ported to Holland to make “ bitters.” Barbary worm- 
seed was considered by Guibourt to be the produce 
<of Artemisia glomerata, Sieber.f 
Shiba (trans. Old man’s beard ) .-r- Artemisia 
<absint\um, L.—Wormwood. Used in dyspepsia 
and also for giving flavour to green tea. 
Account of the Empire of Morocco,’ by James G. 
Jackson. London: 1814. j>. 24.3. » 
,f Pereira’s Mat. Med., arl. Artemisia. 
Babinouse. — Matricaria chamomilla, L. Used 
as stomachic. 
Sadear — ? Leafy tops. Used as a stomachic. 
Leguminoses. 
Senaherram. — Cassia clongata, Lemaire Lisan- 
court.—Senna. Stated to be brought to Morocco 
by the pilgrims returning from Mecca. This is con¬ 
firmed by the fact that the specimen is identical with 
Mecca senna imported via India into this country. 
Used as a purgative. 
Artim. — Spartiumjunceum. —Spanish broom. This 
shrub forms a feature of the landscape. In many 
places it covers thousands of acres of sandy soil, 
to the exclusion of almost every other plant. Its 
white flowers in spring diffuse a strong and agree¬ 
able odour. It appears to be used by women as a 
remedy for barrenness, and although one would 
hardly regard it as poisonous, an instance was re¬ 
lated to me in which death was caused by an over¬ 
dose. 
Myrtacece. 
Rahan. — Myrtus communis, L.—Myrtle leaves. 
The infusion is used for diarrhoea. The leaves are 
also employed by the Jews in their ceremonies. 
Oleacccs. 
Agzas. — Phillyrea angustifolia, L.—The infusion 
is thought to make the hah grow. 
Paronychiacecs. 
Haydorley. — Paronychia argentca. — Flowers. 
Used as a diaphoretic, and also for colicky pains. 
Dioscoreacees. 
Eriffi. — Tamus communis, L.—Black bryony. 
Leaves. This plant, which is common to most parts 
of Europe, is employed, when pounded, by the Moors 
as a topical application to wounds and bruises as 
the root of white bryony, commonly known as 
mandrake-root, occasionally is in this country. The 
tincture of Tamus communis forms one of the so- 
called homoeopathic remedies. 
Oentianacicc. 
Castelheyea, or Noar Mulf.y Ali (trans. Muli 
Ali’s flower).— Eryihrcea ramosissima, Pers.—Closely 
allied to gentian. Used in dyspepsia. 
Cannabinacecs. 
Kief. — Cannabis sativa, W. — Hemp. Whole 
plant. It is grown largely in the provinces of 
Haha and Sliedma. The right of dealing in it and 
in tobacco is monopolized by the Emperor. These 
monopolies are farmed to Jews, who buy at a price 
fixed by law, and sell at an enormously advanced 
price. The plants are pulled up when the seed is 
ripe or nearly so; and the leaves, when dried 
and coarsely powdered, constitute kief. This is 
smoked in very small pipes. As may be sup¬ 
posed, a few inhalations exhaust the contents 
of the bowl. The smoke is taken into the lungs, 
and produces a powerfully narcotizing effect. But, 
unlike the preparations of the plant, which are swal¬ 
lowed, the effect soon passes away. Some smokers 
indulge their propensity frequently during the day ; 
yet I have been assured by them that, after twenty 
or thirty years, they have not suffered from the 
practice. 
Hashish, the preparation which is eaten, is too 
well known, from recent descriptions, to require 
much to be said about it. It is made by mixing the 
