March 1, 1373.] 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS, 
GS3 
reversed without its contents running out. . The 
hypophospliite is also precipitated by chloride of 
sodium, acetate of potash and acetate of soda. 
Formate of Quinine. —If the sulphate of quinine 
be decomposed by formate of baryta, neutral formate 
of quinine is obtained, which is still more soluble 
than the hypophospliite, one gram being soluble in 
1 c.c. of water at 100° C. If the solution be cooled 
slowly, it does not deposit above 37° C.; so that be¬ 
tween those temperatures the formate is soluble in 
its own weight of water. 
Between 25 s and 37° 1 gram requires 2 c.c. of water. 
>, 10° ,, 25° ,, » 3 ,, ,, 
„ 0 ° „ 10 ° „ „ 4 „ „ 
If, however, an excess of water be added a pre¬ 
cipitate is thrown down, soluble by heat, but reform¬ 
ing in the cold, which is probably a basic salt. 
Acetate of Quinine —Obtained in shining acicular 
crystals by double decomposition of acetate of baryta 
and sulphate of quinine. At high temperatures its 
solubility is near to that of the liydroclilorate, but at 
lower temperatures it is much less soluble. Thus 
1 gram requires— 
1 c.c. of water at 100 p C. 
10 c.c. „ 30° 
25 c.c. of water at 13° C. 
3o c.c. ,, 0 
Butyrate of Quinine. —When 1 equivalent of sul¬ 
phate of quinine is treated with 2 equivalents of 
butyrate of baryta, the baryta is precipitated, and a 
limpid solution of neutral butyrate of quinine is ob¬ 
tained, which, if concentrated in a water-bath until 
it contains about ten per cent, of the salt, throws 
off some oily drops, and, upon further concentration, 
forms a syrupy transparent mass that crystallizes 
in shining needles after four or five days. If the 
solution be left to evaporate spontaneously, the 
syrupy mass is not formed, and the salt crystallizes 
in long needles. The salt is not very soluble, 1 
gram requiring— 
13 c.c. of water at 100° C. 
70 c.c. „ 32° 
105 c.c. of water at 15° C. 
130 c.c. „ 0°C. 
These solutions if left to evaporate spontaneously 
yield a magnificent crystallization in silky tufts, 
consisting probably of anhydrous salt, since it does 
not comport itself in the same manner as the original 
crystals when redissolved. 
Lactate of Quinine. —Obtained when sulphate of 
quinine is precipitated by lactate of baryta. The 
lactate is freely soluble in water in proportions 
similar to the formate, over which it has the ad¬ 
vantage, however, that it is not precipitated when 
an excess of water is added. 1 gram requires— 
0-5 c.c. of water between 70°-100° C. 
1-0 
1-5 
2’5 
3-0 
35 
j > 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
at 45° 
„ 38° 
30° 
10 ° 
0 ° 
77 
77 
77 
evaporating the solution at a temperature belo.v 
40° C. to crystallization. The crystals may be 
heated in a water-batli to 1008 without undergoing 
alteration. When dry and powdered, it dissolves 
in water in the following proportions:— 
of water at 100°- C. 
0*5 c.c. „ 50° 
0-9 c.c. „ 08 
1 gram dissolves in 0-3 c.c. 
77 
77 
77 
77 
30= C. 
20° C. 
lose. 
gram. 
gram. 
gram. 
■A-CGtci^G «••••••• 
0-091 
0-037 
0-027 
Hydrochlorate. 
0-092 
0-019 
0-031 
Hypophosphite. 
0-12 
0-097 
0-065 
Formate. 
0-33 
0-296 
0-272 
IjciCtcit;6 •• •••*•• 
0-35 
0-31 
0-29 
Sulphomethylate .... 
080 
0-71 
0-60 
Sulphovinate. 
0-80 
0-72 
0-60 
Its solution is abundantly precipitated by alkaline 
sulphates, chlorides and acetates, and sulphuric 
acid; but not by free hydrochloric or acetic acid. 
This salt the author thinks to be especially well 
suited for subcutaneous injection, since at 10° C. at 
least 1 gram is soluble in 1 c.c. of water. 
Sulphomethylate of Quinine is prepared in a similar 
manner to the sulpliovinate, and has about the same 
degree of solubility. 
Sulphoamylate of Quinine , also prepared in a 
similar maimer, requires at from 15° to 35° C. about 
100 parts of water to dissolve one of the salt, but it 
is very soluble in alcohol. 
From the foregoing it would appear that the pro¬ 
portion of the various salts of quinine present in 
1 c.c. of aqueous solution, or the quantity con¬ 
tained in a Pravas syringe,* is— 
Solutions in Glycerine. —The glycerine solutions 
of the salts of quinine present a peculiarity worthy 
of remark, in a species of supersaturation in which 
they remain after being cooled suddenly, a pheno¬ 
menon that does not occur when they are allowed to 
cool slowly. Thus a solution of 1 part of liydro- 
clilorate in one part of glycerine cooled suddenly to 
0° C. remains about three hours without crystalliza¬ 
tion, whilst if cooled slowly to 15° C. the crystals 
commence to deposit at the end of a quarter of an 
hour. The addition of a larger proportion of glyce¬ 
rine allows of the preparation of solutions which re¬ 
main transparent for a longer time. Thus a solution, 
consisting of one part of hydroclilorate and three 
parts of glycerine, cooled slowly to 15°, remains 
limpid during eight hours, and only after sixteen 
hours commences to deposit a few acicular crystals. 
With four parts of glycerine the solution remains per¬ 
fectly transparent for a week. The lactate dis¬ 
solved in its weight of glycerine remains soluble for 
about two hours. 
The following table shows the characteristic be- 
Vmvinnv nf solutions of some of the salts of Quinine 
As this salt allows of the preparation of such con¬ 
centrated solutions, which are always slightly al¬ 
kaline, the author thinks it would probably be found 
particularly suitable for subcutaneous injection. 
Sulpliovinate of Quinine— This new salt is much 
more soluble than any of the foregoing. It was 
obtained by the precipitation of 5‘48 grams of sul¬ 
phate of quinine with 3‘00 sulpliovinate of baryta* 
* M. Limousin proposes to use sulpliovinate of soda, and 
avoid the possible danger attending the use of a barium 
salt.— Ante, pp. 651 .—Ed. Peaem. Journ. 
* One point, however, should not be lost sight of in esti¬ 
mating the efficacy of these various solutions, and that is 
the proportion of the normal alkaloid present in a given 
quantity of any of these salts, a proportion that would vary 
considerably, for instance, in the hydrochlorate and the sul- 
phovinate. * This subject lias been already dealt with by M. 
Adrian, in a paper of which an abstract appeared at p. 2 ot 
the present volume. The possible modification in the 
physiological properties of the alkaloid which might result 
from the different states of combination would also appear to 
require further investigation.—E d. Pharm. Joubn. 
