March 1 , 1S73.] 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. 
G93 
EXAMINATIONS IN LONDON. 
February 19 th, 20 th and 21st, 1873. 
Examiners Present— 
i 19th and 20th—Messrs. Allchin, Barnes, Carteighe, 
Cracknell, Davenport, Edwards, Gale, Haselden, Ince, 
Linford, Martindale, and Southall. 
21st—Messrs. Allchin, Barnes, Carteighe, Cracknell, 
Davenport, Edwards, Gale, Ilaselden, Ince, Linford, and 
Martindale. 
Major Examination. 
Five candidates presented themselves, of whom two 
failed. The following three passed, and were declared 
to he duly qualified to he registered as Pharmaceutical 
Chemists :— 
*Eyans, Gwilym.Swansea. 
Little, Arthur Nicholas .Bristol. 
Rossiter, John .London. 
Minor Examination. 
Fifty-six candidates presented themselves, of whom 
twenty-two failed. The following thirty-four passed, and 
were declared to he duly qualified to he registered as 
Chemists and Druggists :—• 
*Howell, John . 
*Cann, Charles John. 
* Hey land, Charles Philip. 
* Gumming, James. 
* Baxter, William, jun. ... 
Stoddart, Joseph 
Radford, John Storer ... 
Symons, William Henry. 
■| | Bradshaw, John . 
w l Rees, Llewellyn Yosper . 
Dyson, Alfred .. 
1* ( Gerring, Charles . 
h 1 Marin, Ferdinand Baptist 
Rhodes, Samuel . 
^ / Barnes, Edward .. 
| < Davies, John. 
K ( Weddell, Arthur . 
Dangerfield, Edward .. . 
McLean, Kenneth. 
■ ^ t Prust, Thomas William . 
1 1 Stables, Walter Banks.. . 
w ( Thomas, James Phillip . 
Little, Henry ..... 
’g / Betts, Alick Stephen ... 
( Short, William .. 
Bake, Alfred Benjamin . 
Steele, Samuel . 
Miller, Edward.. 
Thompson, Harry. 
Breadner, Charles Gibson 
Davies, Henry Morgan . 
Harris, Francis George ., 
Stevens, Stephen Xohbs . 
Hinds, Howell David ... 
,... Carmarthen. 
.... Greenwich. 
,... Hammersmith. 
.... Camberwell Road. 
.... Wisheach. 
.. . .Alresford. 
.... Nottingham. 
.... Barnstaple. 
... . Runcorn. 
.... Mumbles. 
.. .. Brighouse. 
.. . .Worthing. 
.... London. 
.... Oldham. 
.. .. Cosham. 
.... London. 
.... Stamford. 
.. . .High Wycombe. 
.... London. 
.... Leeds. 
.... Bradford. 
-Hay. 
. . .. Surbiton. 
.... Woodbridge. 
.. .. March. 
.... Guildford. 
.. .. Plymouth. 
.. .. Oakham. 
.... Norwich. 
.... Manchester. 
.... Cardigan. 
.. .. Leamington. 
.... S waff ham. 
.... Pontardulais. 
The above names are arranged in order of merit. 
Preliminary Examination. 
A Certificate of Examination by the University of 
Oxfoi'd was received from the undermentioned in lieu 
of the Society’s Examination :—■ 
Brookfield, Samuel .. Hanley. 
LIVERPOOL CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
The eighth general meeting was held at the Royal In¬ 
stitution on Thursday evening, the 13th inst.; the Presi¬ 
dent, E. Davies, Esq., F.C.S., in the chair. 
The following donations were announced :—‘ Proceed¬ 
ings of the Architectural and Archaeological Society 
‘Calendar of the Pharmaceutical Society;’ ‘The Year 
Book of Pharmacy.’ 
Mr. T. Williams, F .C.S., exhibited a specimen of arti¬ 
ficial galena which he had made, and described the pro¬ 
cess. 
A discussion on the solubility of pure lead in sulphuric 
acid followed in which the President, Messrs. Armstrong, 
Williams and Mason took part. 
A discussion also took place in reference to a recent 
case of death following the inhalation of nitrous oxide 
gas, and as to -whether the accident was due to impurities 
contained in the gas, or to the state of the patient when 
inhaling it, in which the President, Messrs. Abraham, 
Mason, Williams and Bedford took r-art. 
The Hon. Secretary then read a paper on “ Guarana,” 
and exhibited specimens of the seeds from which this 
substance is prepared, also samples of guarana, including 
very pure, average, and inferior qualities, which he had 
procured from Messrs. Rigaud and Leconte, of Paris. 
Specimens of some other pharmaceutical products manu¬ 
factured by the same firm, were shown, including chloral 
hydrate, medicinal “perles,” etc. 
The meeting terminated -with a vote of thanks to the 
reader of the paper. 
BRISTOL PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION. 
The fifth general meeting of the session was held at 
the Museum and Library, Bristol, on Friday, the 14th 
of February. 
The President, Mr. Townsend, occupied the chair, and 
briefly introduced Dr. Tilden, who delivered a lecture 
upon “ The discoveries of Scheele,” of which the folio-w¬ 
ing is an abstract 
Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the son of a small trades¬ 
man at Stralsund, in Swedish Pomerania (now a Prussian 
province). He was born on 9th December, 1742, and at 
an early age was placed in apprenticeship with an apothe¬ 
cary at Gottenburg, where be remained about six years. 
After some years spent as assistant in different phar¬ 
macies Scheele went to Upsal, where he made the ac¬ 
quaintance of Bergmann, who was at that time a cele¬ 
brated chemist and held a Government appointment. 
Scheele’s reputation as a chemist was so soon established 
that at the instance of Bergmann he was invited to 
accept a chair in the University of Upsal. He also re¬ 
ceived then and afterwards various other flattering offers, 
not only from the Swedish Government, but from those 
of other countries. His sole anxiety, however, being to 
secure leisure for the pursuit of his favourite studies, he 
rejected all these opportunities of advancement, and re¬ 
tired to a small pharmacy which was then vacant in the 
town of Keeping. Here lie made all the great discoveries 
with which liis name is associated. 
It is a fact which must be interesting to all who have 
at heart the advancement of scientific culture among the 
members of the pharmaceutical calling that these great 
discoveries, though they necessarily demanded the ex¬ 
penditure of much thought, time and labour, were ac¬ 
complished in the very short period of about fourteen 
years, at a time too when the attention of the author 
musj; have been considerably distracted by the cares of 
business. It is further worthy of remark that that busi¬ 
ness was by no means neglected, and at the death of the 
proprietor, in 1786, was left in a prosperous condition. 
* Passed with Honours. 
