156 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ February 22, 1883. 
should be placed at the bottom, then the more adhesive portion, 
and the good soil at the top. In the form of these anything 
approaching to abruptness must be avoided, especially where the 
ground is naturally flat or only marked by gentle undulations. 
The diversity of the mounded surface will admit of a different 
planting, and this judiciously effected will produce an agreeable 
and variable result, especially where the ground is moderately 
undulating in the foreground, increasing more in the distance, the 
sky view being bounded by hills ; but with a flat open country 
mounds should not be introduced. If introduced at all in such a 
6cene it should be at the side or back of the building, to which 
they may be made to contribute considerably in effect, as well as 
for their utility where it is undesirable to continue the view in 
that direction. 
The front view we have alluded to before, and it will now be 
necessary to treat of the sides in a manner different from the 
foregoing. With a similarity of view on the side as in front, there 
ought not to be any attempt at changing their contour from that 
presented in the foreground, but the lawn must be continued and 
planted where it joins the park or other scenery so as to harmonise 
therewith. But should the sides be of an entirely diverse nature, 
then so much only should be made to harmonise with the front 
view as will be taken in from the principal point of vision, and 
be made to blend with the changing scenery. This will appear 
as a distinct feature, and every effort must be made to insure 
that, whilst harmonising with the foreground or front, it should 
be as varied as possible. If the ground rise from the point of 
view, then no better position could be chosen for a display of 
Conifers, disposing them in groups, with isolated specimens, as 
shall best display them in wavy outline. 
Much can be done to give variety and effect if a small stream 
of water can be led through the lawn, and if it can be brought in 
flowing over a small cascade or issuing from some figure it will be 
better, and then conducted to a pond for gold fish and aquatic 
plants, and at some distance it may be widened to afford an 
apparent necessity for a bridge, which may be thrown over it in 
association with rockwork, on the sides of which climbers or 
creepers may be introduced. The shrubbery should be arranged 
at the boundary with a properly disposed walk leading through it, 
and beds of flowers placed on its margin in the openings, and 
a few clumps of shrubs or small trees dotted upon the grass. A 
rustic erection in the walk covered with climbers, and a recess in 
the centre furnished with table and seats, may be appropriate. 
Flowers may also be introduced with effect, especially if placed in 
the neatest part of the grounds. Vases may be used with good 
effect, especially by the wall and near the house. 
In the matter of terraces these should have corresponding 
slopes, and have a base twice that of the perpendicular height, so 
as to allow of their easy ascent or descent, and the readier keeping 
them in order by the mowing machine. Very steep slopes in 
grass are difficult, and entail great labour to keep them in order, 
and are more liable to suffer from drought than those with less 
gradient.—G. Abbey. 
(To be continued.) 
“ D., Deal," states that the following Rose show fixtures 
have already been arranged :— Cardiff, June 27th ; National 
Rose Society's Southern Show (Southampton), June 28th ; Can¬ 
terbury, June 29th ; Reigate, June 30th ; National Rose Society 
(South Kensington), July 3rd ; Bath, July 5th ; National Rose 
Society (Sheffield), July 12th ; Leek, July 17th ; Darlington, 
July 20th (?). 
- At a recent meeting of the Committee of the Gardeners’ 
Royal Benevolent Institution Edward Tidswell, Esq., of the 
firm of Bollen & Tidswell, of No. 3, Wood Street, Cheapside, 
was unanimously elected the Treasurer of the Institution in the 
room of the late Robert Wrench, Esq. 
- In reply to a question put by Sir T. Lawrence in the 
House of Commons last Monday in reference to the earlier 
opening of Kew Gardens, Mr. Shaw Lefebvre stated that Sir 
Joseph Hooker had promised that at the commencement of the 
financial year the Gardens will be opened one hour earlier than 
usual—namely, at noon instead of at 1 p.m. We presume that 
visitors will be admitted to the houses at the usual time. 
- We regret to learn that Mr. T. Snelling, of the 
Middle Temple Gardens, died very suddenly on Tuesday last, 
the 20th inst. When passing along Fleet Street about half¬ 
past 11 A.M. he was observed to fall to the ground insensible, 
and when conveyed to King’s College Hospital he was found to 
be dead. He was 45 years of age, and was appointed gardener at 
the Middle Temple about four years ago, previous to which time 
he held the position of head gardener to H. Rod well, Esq., Ampton 
Park, Bury St. Edmunds. The display of Chrysanthemums at 
these gardens, it will be remembered, attracted many visitors last 
year, a great improvement having been effected as compared with 
preceding years’ shows. 
- A Young Gardener writes that he read with great 
pleasure “Excelsior’s” article upon “Gardening and Gar¬ 
deners,” page 87, but thinks that head gardeners might often 
do very much to encourage their young men in acquiring know¬ 
ledge, and also that there is great room for improvement in the 
construction and conveniences of the majority of bothies, which 
might well receive the attention of both gentlemen and gardeners* 
- We have received a copy of the rules of the Brighton 
Hove and South of England Chrysanthemum Society, 
which has been recently started and is receiving good support. 
It is intended to hold an exhibition in November next, but the 
date and place are not yet decided upon. A meeting will be held 
at the Odd Fellows’ Hall, Queen’s Road, Brighton, on Thursday, 
March 1st, which it is hoped will be attended by all locally inter¬ 
ested in the project. The Secretary is Mr. M. Longhurst, 
111, Western Road, Brighton. 
- The schedule of the Ghent International Horticul¬ 
tural Exhibition that takes place April 15th to 22nd of the 
present year is now issued, and gives full particulars of the 
classes, prizes, and conditions under which the Exhibition will be 
held. Two hundred and ninety-two classes are enumerated, of 
which two hundred and sixty-eight are for plants, the remain¬ 
ing classes being devoted to various useful and ornamental 
articles employed in gardening. Three prizes are offered in 
each class—gold medals framed and plain, silver-gilt medals, 
and silver medals of first and second values, the gold medals 
ranging in value from 300 to 100 francs. In two classes, however, 
Mr. W. Bull of Chelsea offers three silver cups value fifteen, ten, 
and six guineas each for twelve, new plants sent out by him since 
1880. Abundant provision is made for new plants, Orchids, 
Palms, Ferns, Cycads, Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Camellias, bulbs, 
with miscellanceous flowering and fine-foliage plants. There are 
no less than ninety classes devoted to particular genera or species 
of plants, exclusive of those appropriated to whole families, like 
the Orchids, Ferns, &c. 
- The following Gardening Appointments have recently 
been made through John Laing & Co., Forest Hill —Mr. James 
Ford, recently gardener to Horace Barry, Esq., Bush Hill House, 
Winchmore Hill, has been appointed gardener to W. R. Arbuthnot, 
Esq., Plawhatch, East Grinstead ; Mr. James McHardy, late gar¬ 
dener to M. S. Riach, Esq., Silverton Lodge, Upper Norwood, 
succeeds Mr. Ford at Bush Hill House, Winchmore Hill; and 
Mr. John Bissett, late foreman to Mrs. Lyne Stephens, Lyndford 
Hall, Norfolk, has been appointed head gardener to Lady Charles 
Wellesley, Conholt Park, Andover. 
_ MR. W. Melville, Glenlee, New Galloway, Kirkcud¬ 
brightshire, writes :—" Seeing reports of rainfall in the Journal 
