226 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. [September 17 ,lsja 
bottle holding 7 ^ 3 ; sold retail at Is. per bottle, being about 
11 d. for the contents. The wrapper was buff-coloured, 
nearly covered by two labels with red print. The cork 
was secured by a strip of label, on which was printed the 
trade mark (a triangle enclosing a 0 surrounded by 
“ Trade Mark—Condy”); the French and English prize 
medals; and in two circular spaces on one side, “ Condy’s 
Fluid. Does not stain when diluted on the other side, 
“ Natural Disinfectant. N.B. The cork in each bottle 
of Condy’s fluid is secured by a strip identical with this.” 
No. III. Condy’s Patent Ozonized Water for Toilet Pur¬ 
poses. —In a small stoppered bottle holding 45 , retail 
price 2s., leaving about Is. 8^. as the price of the con¬ 
tents. The bottle is nearly half covered by a label, on 
which are printed directions for use, prize medals, etc.; 
nearly the whole label being covered by trade marks 
arranged in a pattern as a groundwork. 
The active agent in No. I. is chiefly the manganate of 
soda, though in the table its effect is measured against its 
equivalent of permanganate. In Nos. II. and III. the 
active agent is chiefly the permanganate of soda, though 
they contain also some potash. They have also been 
compared to permanganate of potash. 
The crystallized permanganate of potash used for com¬ 
parison was bought retail for 2s. the ounce. It was in 
fine crystals, contained no soda, and its oxidizing power, 
as measured by pure oxalic acid, was exactly equal to 
100 per cent, of permanganate of potash. It was, there¬ 
fore, chemically pure. 
PAYTINE. 
Hesse gives this name to an alkaloid he has obtained 
from the white cinchona of Payta. The powdered bark 
is first extracted with alcohol; the residue left after dis¬ 
tilling off the alcohol is mixed with caustic soda and 
shaken with ether. To the ether solution dilute sul¬ 
phuric acid is added, and, after neutralizing the excess 
of acid with ammonia, the base is precipitated by iodide 
of potassium. The iodide of paytine is again decom¬ 
posed by soda, and the liquid, shaken with ether, gives a 
solution which, on evaporation, deposits fine crystals of 
paytine. The composition of this base is represented by 
the formula C 21 H 24 N 2 0 + H 2 0. It is soluble in benzol, 
ether, chloroform, petroleum and alcohol; slightly so¬ 
luble in water; it melts at 156° C. 
The hydrochlorate, C 21 H 24 N 2 0HC1, forms colourless 
prisms soluble in 16’6 parts of water at 15° C. It has a 
very bitter taste, and does appear to be poisonous. The 
chloroplatinate is a yellow amorphous precipitate. 
When distilled with lime, paytine yields a non-nitro- 
genous product, which the author calls paytone, as 
colourless plates or needles soluble in ether and alcohol. 
It does not combine with acids or bases.— German Che¬ 
mical Society. 
GINGILIE OIL. 
The gingilie ( Sesamum Indicum) is said to be an 
African plant, and is supposed to have been introduced 
to the West Indies by the negroes. It is now pretty 
generally distributed, and in this country it thrives ad¬ 
mirably in the Newera Kalawyia district. The plant is 
cultivated for the seed, which yields a fixed oil. The 
method adopted in Ceylon of expressing the oil is rather 
primitive, and consequently it 'possesses an unpleasant 
flavour and a brown muddy colour. If properly pre¬ 
pared, the oil would form a very good substitute for 
sweet oil. The best method of preparing the oil is as 
follows.—First steep the seeds repeatedly in cold water, 
or boil them for a short time, till they are divested of the 
reddish-brown colouring matter contained in the epider¬ 
mis of the seeds, then, when the seeds have become per¬ 
fectly white, dry them in the sun, and express the oil in 
the ordinary way. The seed yields from 40 to 44 per 
cent, of a pale straw-coloured oil. When thus prepared, 
the oil is perfectly devoid of smell and may be used for 
extracting the perfume of the jasmine, tuberose, camo¬ 
mile and yellow rose. To effect this, one weight of the 
flowers should be added to three weights of the oil in a 
bottle, which should be corked and left in the sun for 
forty days, when the oil will be impregnated with the 
perfume of the flowers. The gingilie oil is soluble in 
alcohol, saponifies with alkalies, solidifies by nitric acid, 
and combines with the oxide of lead. The gingilie oil 
is highly esteemed by Egyptian belles for its properties of 
cleansing the skin and of imparting to it a bloom and 
lustre, and also of preserving the beauty and gloss of the 
hair. In Ceylon it is used for similar purposes. The 
negroes also use the seeds for making a sort of beverage 
something like coffee, by roasting the seeds and infusing 
them in water. The commercial value of the oil in 
England is £40 per ton.— Jaffna Neivs. 
A Gigantic African Mushroom. —Dr. Welwitsch, 
in his travels in Africa, met with a number of crypto- 
gamic plants; among them a gigantic agaric, distin¬ 
guished by the immense size of its head, sometimes mea¬ 
suring more than three feet in circumference, as well as 
by the delicate flavour of its flesh. It appears that on 
a botanical expedition in a district called Calungembo, 
near Pungo-Andongo, his provisions began to run short, 
and towards the close of a day’s ramble he came upon 
some of his men carrying one of these enormous mush¬ 
rooms home to camp for supper. He had not himself 
previously met with it, but the natives had; and the 
short commons on which they foimd themselves had 
sharpened their eyes and led to their picking it up. 
Some idea of the size of this specimen may be formed 
from the fact that that single mushroom made soup suf¬ 
ficient to feed his party of twenty. It was as large as 
an umbrella. Subsequently he met with it repeatedly, and 
also found that it was familiar to all the inhabitants, a 
few being regularly, or rather irregularly, brought to- 
market during the season, at the Presidium of Pongo- 
Andongo, where they were sold at Id. to 2>d. apiece, ac¬ 
cording to size. The natives usually brought them, one 
or two hanging at each end of a stick, carried Chinese 
fashion over the shoulder. It is a true agaric, as yet 
undescribed.— The Food Journal. 
The Pood of Infants. —Dr. C. A. Coudereau ex¬ 
presses himself in opposition to the generally received 
opinion that the milk of a wet-nurse is the best substitute 
for that of the mother when the latter cannot be ob¬ 
tained. He has foimd in the milk of many wet-nurses, 
dependent ontbeir want of cleanliness, a peculiar fungus, 
which will develop under favourable circumstances in 
every other kind of milk, giving to such milk a peculiar 
odour, and discoverable in the evacuations of the child. 
In regard to artificial food, he rejects also beef-tea, as 
well as Liebig’s extract of meat, but recommends a fluid 
into the composition of which eggs enter largely. He 
considers that a very nourishing and wholesome kind of 
drink can be obtained from eight eggs, white and yolk 
together, beaten up with about two ounces of sugar and 
enough water to make a pint and a half of fluid. To 
this he adds a small quantity of lime-water, sulphate of 
potash and chloride of sodium. With a fluid so com¬ 
posed he has obtained excellent results.— Wiener Medi- 
zinischen Wochenschrift. 
Chilblains. —M. W. E. Schaller says that the fluid 
concentrated chloride of iron is an unfailing remedy for 
chilblains, its application to them for a single day effect¬ 
ing a cure. It may also be used with advantage for 
frost-bites.— Wiener Medizinischen Wochenschrift. 
Gastric Juice. —Signor Arturo Menzel has pub¬ 
lished a considerable number of cases where gastric 
juice has been employed with advantage in cancerous 
tumours.— -Gazetta Medica Italiana Lombarda. 
