492 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. [December 17, 1870. 
irrespective of the decision of the annual meeting, 
and that circulars he issued asking- if such regula¬ 
tions are desirable or not; one month to he allowed 
for reply, and the result considered at the February 
meeting of Council.” 
For the Amendment— 
Messrs. Brown and Woolley. 
Against — 
Messrs. Abraham, Bourdas, Deane, Dymond, Ed¬ 
wards, Groves, Haselden, Hills, Sandford and Stod- 
dart. 
Messrs. Bottle and Savage did not vote. 
The Amendment again being lost, the original Motion 
was put as a substantive Motion, and the following divi¬ 
sion took place:— 
For the Motion— 
Messrs. Abraham, Bourdas, Deane, Dymond, Ed¬ 
wards, Groves, Haselden, Hills, Sandford and Stod- 
dart. 
Against — 
Messrs. Bottle, Brown, Savage and Woolley. 
The Motion was therefore carried. 
Resolved—That the Report and recommendations of 
the Parliamentary Committee be received and 
adopted. 
Resolved—That the Registrar be instructed, and is 
hereby authorized to remove from the Register of 
Chemists and Druggists, the name of Ambrose Lloyd, 
of 16, St. Andrew’s Road, Southampton. 
BENEVOLENT FUND. 
A grant of £15 was made to an applicant (Registered 
Chemist and Druggist) at Brighton, for assistance from 
the Benevolent Fund. 
1870. 
REPORTS OF EXAMINERS. 
England and Wales. 
Candi- Candi¬ 
dates dates 
examined, passed. 
November 16, Major. 7 6 
,, Minor .... 23 19 
„ Preliminary 
Certificates l 2 for 1 
approved j person 
December 2, Modified.... 45 27 
75 52 
Scotland. 
November 22, Minor .... 2 l 
„ Modified.... 2 2 
„ Preliminary. 7 7 
11 10 
Candi¬ 
dates 
failed. 
1 
4 
18 
23 
1 
0 
0 
1 
The Secretary presented the name of a member who 
Rad paid his subscription for the present year since the 
-30th April last. 
Resolved—That he be restored to membership upon 
payment of a fine of one shilling. 
Resolved—That the following, having passed the 
Minor examination, be elected Associates of the 
Society:— 
Ball, George.Ormskirk. 
Glazier, Walter Henry_London. 
Milton, Thomas, jun.Henley-on-Thames. 
Mountain, Robert .Harrogate. 
No-ad, Joseph.Trowbridge. 
Riches, William James ... .North Walsham. 
Spring-all, John B.Norwich. 
Stubbs, Tyson ....Rye. 
West, William.Leeds. 
Wright, Thomas.Leicester. 
Applications for grants having been received from the 
Leicester Chemists’ Assistants and Apprentices’ Associa¬ 
tion, and from the Sheffield Pharmaceutical and Che¬ 
mical Association, it was 
Resolved—That the applications for aid from the above 
Societies be referred to the Standing Committee on 
Provincial Education. 
Resolved—That the Journal and Transactions of the 
Society be forwarded to the Norwich Chemists’ 
Assistants’ Association regularly as published. 
frolniuial ferasiutians. 
MANCHESTER CHEMISTS AND DRUGGISTS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
An Ordinary Monthly Meeting was held on Friday, 
December 2nd; Mr. W. S. Brown, President, in tbe 
chair. Messrs. Tysoe, Lane, Booth, Mercer, Dickenson, 
Clark and Carruthers were elected Associates. 
Mr. J. T. Slugg, F.R.A.S., then delivered a lecture 
on “ Heat.” The lecturer pointed out the effects of heat 
upon matter of every kind, and how necessary it was to 
the existence of both animal and vegetable life, also its 
power in inducing chemical action. He next explained 
the theory that heat is a motion of the molecules of 
matter, and that a warm body is one the molecules of 
which are in a state of vibration, communicating the 
motion to the surrounding ether, and producing the sen¬ 
sation of heat when the proper nerve is struck; also the 
striking analogies in the actions of light and heat. Re¬ 
ference was then made to the effect of various degrees of 
heat on different substances: the difference in their 
boiling-points; the absorption of heat accompanying 
liquefaction; the law of the expansion of bodies by heat 
and contraction by cold, some curious illustrations being- 
given ; and the exception of water and bismuth to the 
general rule. Heat was next considered as the great 
motive power in all kinds of work, the source of all 
force, energy, power, put forth in an infinite variety of 
ways and for an infinite variety of purposes. The ques¬ 
tion is, Whence is all this force derived F Is it from 
one common origin, or is it from many sources ? The 
answer is, that all these forces, whether muscular or 
mechanical, have one common origin in the Sun. Seve¬ 
ral calculations were given that had been made as to the 
amount of light and heat emitted by the sun. The lec¬ 
turer then explained the dynamical theory of heat, that 
force and heat are convertible in definite proportions, 
and gave several illustrations. Lastly, he alluded to the 
supposition that the sun’s heat was maintained by the 
impact of innumerable small bodies with which it comes 
into collision. 
A cordial vote of thanks was passed to Mr. Slugg for 
his interesting- lecture. 
HULL CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
At a Meeting of the Members of the above Association, 
on Wednesday evening, December 7, the Chairman, Mr. 
J. Baynes, in the name of the subscribers, presented the 
Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. C. B. Bell, with a testimo¬ 
nial. In doing so, he said that that gentleman had 
spared neither time nor expense, but had used untiling 
efforts and energies on behalf of the Society. He had 
acted as Secretary and as Treasurer, and had carefully 
husbanded their funds. It had been felt that such va¬ 
luable services ought to be acknowledged in some tan¬ 
gible shape, and on behalf of a large number of sub¬ 
scribers, he had to beg Mr. Bell’s acceptance of a silver 
cup and salver. The salver bore the following inscrip¬ 
tion :—“ Presented to Mr. C. B. Bell by the members of 
tbe Hull Chemists’ Association, as a mark of their esteem, 
and in recognition of his valuable services as their 
Honorary Secretary.” 
