95 
on the lobes of which the mouth is formed when room xi. 
it is parted. 
Most of these animals are attached to marine 
bodies by their expanded base, but some few of 
them, especially of the naked kinds, have the 
faculty of moving about, when they use their 
base as a foot. A few are always floating about 
on the surface of the water, like the Medusce. 
The Sea Anemones ( Actiniidce ) are soft and 
very contractile, and for that reason cannot be 
preserved in a dry state. They are much in¬ 
fluenced by the state of the atmosphere, ex¬ 
panding or closing according to the state of the 
sky. They are said to be viviparous, the young 
being emitted by the mouth. They eat all kinds 
of animals, more especially Crustacea, shells and 
small fish, which they catch with their tentacula. 
The Lucernarice only differ from the Sea 
Anemones in their base being contracted, and 
the apex being dilated like an umbrella, with 
their tentacula placed in six or eight groups on 
its edge. 
The Zoanthi ( Zoanthidce ) are very like the 
Sea Anemones, but their body is protected by 
a hard, coriaceous case into which the body is 
contracted when in repose. Most of these 
sheaths are united together by a common base, 
which varies in form in the different genera. 
Thus, in the Zoanthus and Isaurus the base of 
the 
