AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
133 
1878.] 
The Duchess of Hillhurst 3rd. 
Another notable Duchess has made her mark in 
the world; and it is one of American lineage and 
birth. This is Duchess of Hillhurst 3rd, a Short¬ 
horn heifer owned by Mr. Loder, of England, but 
bred by Mr. Cochrane, of Hillhurst, Canada, and 
—a rich red—the outline is a tracing of the original, 
and represents the form of the heifer with exact¬ 
ness. The sire of the heifer is Duke of Hillhurst 
2nd, a descendant of the Hillhurst herd, owned by 
Mr. Cochrane of Canada. The branch of the Duch¬ 
ess family, to which this animal belongs, is much 
more vigorous and productive than the pure Duch¬ 
esses, and is, in fact, the only offshoot of the family 
horses, to be kept on hand even in times of peace, 
and in war the consumption is very great. Every 
few years, European journals are alarmed at the 
scarcity of horses, and just now the English people 
are anxiously asking where a supply could be pro¬ 
cured for their cavalry, in case of war. In this 
event there would certainly be a demand for our 
animals, larger than we could supply, and in any 
3bd. —Drawn and Engraved for the American Agriculturist. 
purchased by her present owner at a recent sale of 
imported stock in England, for 4,100 guineas, or 
$21.525—a remarkable price for so young an animal, 
scarcely more than a calf. It is possible that 
she, as an article of merchandise, is worth all she 
brought. Breeding animals are not to be justly val¬ 
ued by the price of beef or of milk, and if one of her 
progeny should turn out to be as valuable a breeder 
as one of her related race, the Duke of Airdrie, 
which has the deserved reputation of being the 
parent of more valuable animals than any other 
bull, and by far the best Shorthorn bull ever seen 
in America, the price may well be considered as 
moderate, even in these depressed times. This 
animal has been universally accepted as a model 
Shorthorn, and certainly no one can refuse to admit, 
at first sight, that she possesses, in perfection, all 
the beauties of this fine race. Her form and fea¬ 
tures are perfect, and are admirably represented in 
the colored print from which the engraving was 
made. This print is given in an extra sheet by the 
“London Agricultural Gazette,” a journal which 
has done good service to the Shorthorn interest, in 
steadily opposing the delusive style of picturing 
animals, which has, unfortunately, become so popu¬ 
lar, both in this country and in England. While 
our engraving can not give the color of the animal 
which continues to increase in number. Unfortu¬ 
nately this Airdrie branch has been almost entirely 
lopped off from this side of the Atlantic, so that 
but one pure descendant of this important family, 
and that as yet unproductive, remains in America. 
- m-t -«««■»->-«*.-- 
The Exportation of Horses. 
Several hundred head of horses were sent to 
Europe last year, and recently a number were 
shipped through the agency of Mr. Stoddard, of 626 
Greenwich St., New York. This, we believe, is the 
first shipment from New York, and is the beginning 
of an important business which must grow to large 
proportions in the course of time. We have a class 
of horses that are admirably fitted for cavalry pur¬ 
poses, and for road uses. For this we have to 
thank the breeders of trotting horses, who have, 
during many years of careful improvement and 
training, supplied the country with a most useful 
class of animals. The racing horses of Europe can 
not compete with our trotters, either for the road 
or for the purposes of war, and now that the value 
of our horses has been discovered, we look for a 
permanent market for them in Europe. The fre¬ 
quent European wars call for a large supply of 
case it is probable that all of our surplus stock will 
find ready and profitable sale in foreign countries. 
In view of these circumstances, it would be well 
for us to consider how we can improve our stock, 
so that farmers may be able to take a share of this 
business. It has been too frequently the case that 
farmers have not only begrudged the cost of the 
services of a good sire, but they have also reserved 
for breeding only the poorest of their mares, lest 
the better ones might be forced to lose a few weeks 
work in the spring. Spavined, wind-broken, worn- 
out mares, have been used for breeding, until a vast 
number of horses are constitutionally prone to 
disease, and are of little value from their birth. It 
costs no more to raise a good colt than a poor one, 
and if farmers would keep a good brood mare or 
two, and would secure good sires, a mare might be 
made as profitable in her increase as two good dairy 
cows, without considering the value of her work, 
which, at the least, will pay for her feed. It is an 
established fact, although it may seem at first sight 
to be an anomalous one, that the more we sub¬ 
stitute railroads and steam-engines for liorse-power, 
the greater demand we create for the services of 
horses. Horse-power is, after all, only a feeder for 
steam-power, and the more steam-power we use, 
the more horse-power we shall need to supply it. 
