182 
[May, 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
tested side by side with ties of oak, perfectly satis¬ 
factory in these respects. One great advantage of 
the Catalpa over most other woods, is the inappre¬ 
ciable amount of sap-wood, or “ sap,” as the im¬ 
mature, recently formed outer layers of wood are 
popularly called. This, even in cedar and other 
trees, the heart-wood of which is durable, decays 
rapidly, but even small stakes of the Catalpa suffer 
no appreciable loss from this cause. Besides dura¬ 
bility, Catalpa-wood possess beauty to a remarkable 
degree ; its general color is a warm buff, the “ silver 
grain ” being straw-colored ; it takes a fine polish, 
and is well suited to interior finishing and cabinet 
work. Mr. Barney, who is known at the West as 
■“the Veteran Car-Builder,” sends us specimens of 
the wood, cut in different directions, with one sur¬ 
face polished ; one of these is from the lower end 
of a bar-post that is known to have been in the 
ground for 75 years, and though stained a little 
darker, is quite as sound as the others from trees 
cut last year. All present a beautiful polish. 
One Grape Vine. 
SECOND AI1TICLE. 
In heading our article last month, “One Grape 
Vine,” we did not intend to imply that but one 
vine should be planted. The idea we had in view 
was, that whoever would plant and watch the 
growth of one vine, would understand about one 
other vine—one dozen, one hundred, or more vines. 
Much mystery has been thrown about the culture 
of the grape, by those who, not finding the old 
names given to the parts, sufficiently learned, have 
Fig. 2.—a young shoot. 
introduced new names for very common things. 
Then again the jobbing gardeners who go about, 
and who, unfortunately, are employed in cities and 
villages, put on wonderful airs. If called to treat 
a vine, it is sure to have been treated badly before, 
and only their skill can save it, and they hack away 
at it, while the owner pays the hill. Now there is 
nothing simpler than the manner of growth of 
“ One Grape Vine,” and as one vine grows, so do all 
the rest. There is nothing about it that the farmer 
or villager, or that the boys or the girls of the vil¬ 
lager or farmer can not understand if they will. 
There is no mystery about the management of a 
vine. One only need to know its way of growing, 
which can be learned from “One Grape Vine,” as 
well as from one hundred. To go back to last 
mouth, and for convenience we re-produce figure 
1, here, which shows the vine as 
it will be received from the 
nursery and planted. As it 
comes, it will be a dead-looking 
stick, with three or four promi¬ 
nent swellings, or buds,and a root 
at one end. Planted, as directed 
last month, these buds will start 
to grow, and as we then advised 
only one, and this one the most 
promising of these, should be 
allowed to grow. This will push 
out a green, and at first very ten¬ 
der shoot, which should he 
handled carefully, and be kept 
tied up to a stake. Now what 
have you in this Shoot, or Stem ? 
Watch it as it develops and see ! 
As the shoot grows you have a 
Leaf, opposite that a Tendril, to 
help hold up the shoot; then 
several iuches of stem, and on 
the other side from the first, 
another leaf, with a tendril 
against it, and so on, as long 
as the shoot grows. The whole 
shoot is made up of, one after another, a length 
of stem, three to six inches or so, and a swell¬ 
ing, at which appears on one side a leaf, and 
on the other side a tendril, as in figure 2. [By 
some oversight, the tendril opposite the lower 
leaf has been omitted, it should be there.] This 
point where these sections of stem join, and at 
which leaf and tendril are attached, is a Node, the 
space between the nodes, an Internode , though it is 
popularly called a “joint.” Should the vine hap¬ 
pen to be a very strong one—and this will be seen 
on all fruiting vines, there will be the leaf, and, in¬ 
stead of the tendril, a bunch of flowers, to be fol¬ 
lowed by a cluster of grapes, as in figure 3. The 
tendril is then a part of the vine with a double use. 
It may serve to hold the vine in place, or it may 
bear fruit. We will not, just now, consider the fruit, 
as we wish to get a strong vine, fit to bear fruit next 
year. The angle between the leaf and the stem is 
called the Axil; in the axil of the leaf, as the shoot 
grows, will be usually found two buds, as seen in 
figure 3. If the vine is in vigorous growth, one of 
these buds will push and form a side shoot. This 
shoot is generally called a Lateral, though other 
names have been given to it, but lateral is descrip¬ 
tive, and easily remembered. Now with the young 
vine planted this spring, we wish to get as strong a 
shoot as possible, and we do not wish any side- 
shoots, or laterals. If any of these push, as they 
will be likely to do, so soon as they show a second 
leaf, pinch that off, leaving but one leaf on the lat¬ 
eral. The bud in the axil of that leaf upon the 
lateral may push out a shoot after a while ; if 
it does, when the shoot from that has two leaves, 
pinch out the upper one. When we say “ pinch,” 
we mean, use the thumb and finger-nail, which will 
be all the tender growth requires. The young vine, 
started from one bud, requires just this attention : 
The shoot should be kept tied up to a stake—for 
when young, it is easily broken by the wind, or by 
accident, and if it shows a tendency to push later¬ 
als, these should be pinched off to one leaf as above 
described. Now look at this vine. It has all that 
any vine has. Watch its growth, now, while young, 
for all its future growth will simply be a repetition 
of this. What have you in your vine ? You have 
a root—look out for that, for it is a very important 
part of the vine; then you have a piece of old 
last year’s wood, from which—if you have followed 
our advice, you will let just one green stem or shoot 
grow. It is most convenient to call the stem of tho 
vine, while green and growing, a Shoot, but when 
it has ceased to grow, and it is no longer green, but 
has ripened and become brown and hard, it is then 
a Cane. What is that shoot? It is made up of 
Nodes, marked by a swelling, and separated by a 
few inches of stem; at each Node is on one side 
a Leaf, and on the other side a Tendril. At the 
Axil of the leaf, you have two Buds, one of which 
grows and forms a Lateral, which you must pinch 
back to one leaf, and if another growth starts, pinch 
that back, and so on. Well, you have now, in this 
3. —A NODE OF A VINE WITH ITS PAKTS. 
vine, all that any vine has, save that in older and 
stronger plants, and what you may have next year in 
your vine—instead of bare tendrils, you may have 
clusters of flowers, followed by clusters of fruit. 
Your old last year’s stem, which you planted, is a 
cane. Your shoot, that grows from it, will ripen by 
and by into a cane. No matter how large the vine, 
no matter how it has been trained—or what is 
worse, not trained at all, these are all the parts 
with which you have to do. There is no mystery 
about them—all so perfectly simple that any intel¬ 
ligent youth can understand it. When this manner 
of the growth of the vine is once understood, all 
further treatment becomes perfectly plain. 
-- I a , 1 -- 
The Slender-leaved Lily. 
A collection of the different speeies-of Lily pre¬ 
sents a wonderful variety not only in the color and 
form of the flowers, but in the character of the 
foliage, and in the size of the plant. From the rare 
Giant Lily {Liliumgiyanteum), which lifts its flowers 
8 and 10 feet above the ground, down to the Slender¬ 
leaved Lily ( L. tennifolium), which contents itself 
with as many inches, there is a wide interval, which 
is in good part filled by other species of varying 
stature. There are other lilies of as low growth 
as this slender-leaved one, but none so delicate in 
all its parts. This has a bulb about the size of a 
walnut; its stems, from 8 to 15 inches high, bear 
on the lower part scattered leaves, which are so 
nanow that they appear more like those of a grass 
thau a lily; the upper part of the stem is nearly 
leafless. The flowers are one to six, nodding, and 
of the size and shape shown in the engraving (on p. 
181) ; they are of the deepest scarlet, without any 
spots, and have a shining surface ; the pollen is of a 
brick-red color. In none of the accounts we have 
seen of this species, do we find any reference to its 
odor, which is quite as distinct as any others of its 
characters ; it has not the oppressive sweetness of 
the Gold banded Lily ( L.auratum ), but has a spring¬ 
like freshness most enjoyable. The drawing for 
the engraving was made from a forced specimen, 
which, when but one of its three flowers was open, 
delightfully perfumed a large room. This species 
is a native of Siberia, and though it has been in cul¬ 
tivation for over 50 years, is still a rare plant. It 
