274 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[July, 
Treatment for Chiclien-Cholera.- 
“ E. K Dayton, Ohio. As soon as fowls are seen to void 
a greenish liquid which smells badly, they should be 
given some condiment, as pepper, etc., which will soon 
set them right, unless their food, water, and roosting 
places are unclean and unwholesome. We find the “ Im¬ 
perial egg food,” given twice a week, at the rate of a 
tablespoonful to a dozen fowls, to be an excellent pre¬ 
ventive of disease, and to help in the production of eggs. 
at fi’aris. —As Joseph Gillott & Sons’ 
pens are everywhere, they are, of course, at the ‘‘Ex¬ 
position of '78 ” at Paris. While malting q splendid dis¬ 
play of their varied styles of pens, Messrs. Gillott have 
undertaken to illustrate Richelieu's well known saying, 
“ The pen is mightier than the sword,” by presenting a 
pen which, with its holder, is six feet long. Both pen 
and holder, which is of the choicest woods, are men¬ 
tioned as remarkable works of art. 
Various I£in«9s of Cultivators.— 
41 J. M. B.,” Elizabethtown, Ind. For the cultivation of 
vegetables, small fruits, and field crops grown in drills, 
we find Rue’s hand-cultivator, which has several kinds of 
scrapers, teeth, and plows, for different operations, to be 
a very good one. It was fully described in the American 
Agriculturist of July, 1S77. For cultivating potatoes, the 
writer uses a double mould-board plow, which earths 
up two rows upon one side at each passage, the horse 
walking between the rows. 
Value ofPotasli.— “Z. M.,” Queens Co., 
L. I. The cost of potash varies with the form in which 
it is sold. Sulphate of potash is higher in cost than the 
muriate, but stiff the sulphate is considered cheaper for 
root crops and fruits, on account of its action on the de¬ 
velopment of starch and sugar; while the muriate is just 
as good for grasses and grains. Unleached wood-ashes 
are worth, comparatively, 15 to 20 cts. per bushel. 
BSyc Aimoii" - Corn, sown at the last hoe¬ 
ing, for plowing under the next spring, is a practice often 
adopted for the purpose of enriching the soil, and is a 
cheap and economical means to a desirable end. One 
and a half bushels of seed per acre are used. 
So wins' Tsariiijvs.—“ G. H. W.,” Spring- 
field, N. Y. To get a good crop of Swede turnips upon 
your acre of land, plow and harrow it fine ; then with the 
plow open drills 27 inches apart; drop the 25 one-horse 
loads of manure in the drills, and cover it by plowing 
back the soil from each side. Smooth these ridges down 
by drawing a Y shaped harrow lengthwise over them. 
With a hoe, open a shallow furrow for the seed, using 
about three pounds per acre. Then scatter along the 
furrow, upon both sides, about 300 pounds of fine bone- 
dust, or superphosphate of lime, and cover the seed with 
the mixed soil and fertilizer, burying the seed about one 
inch deep. When the plants appear above ground, thin 
them out to about a foot apart, keeping the rows free 
from weeds, and well cultivated. 
ISay-tedslers.-—“ P. & Sons,” Boscobel, 
Wis. It will pay to use a liay-tedder where 40 acres of 
grass have to be cut. The cost is about $50 or $G0, and 
hay can be cured with it in half the time required by hand. 
Tontl Sheath. —“J. W. S.,” Henderson, 
Tenn.—This disease is generally the result of a poor con¬ 
dition, causing an increased and unhealthy exudation 
from the skin. Where this must necessarily accumu¬ 
late, as in the sheath of a horse, its decomposition 
causes great irritation and discomfort, which affects 
the general health as well as the skin of the contained 
organ. The remedy is to examine the animal, using a 
soft cloth and a sponge, with warm, soapy water, to 
cleanse the parts. If the skin is injured, or any fungoid 
growths appear upon it, these should be touched with a 
solution of ten grains of sulphate of copper in one ounce 
of water, once a day until healed. 
Clover in tlie So Mila. —The report of the 
Georgia Agricultural Department is rarely without some 
valuable item of information. Recently we notice a 
statement to the effect that forty cases of hog cholera were 
averted, if not cured, by turning the animals on to a 
quarter of an acre of clover, to graze for one week. It 
kas long been held that this disease springs mainly from 
mal-nutrition, and too much feeding on corn or other car¬ 
bonaceous food. The fact that clover—a nitrogenous 
fodder—in this case averted the threatened disease is of 
great interest. The culture and use of clover in the 
South may through this knowledge be greatly extended. 
IKeil I> Jii-lisims.—“ C. F. T.,” Buckeys- 
town, Md. The so-cfdled Durhams, or Shorthorns, prop¬ 
erly speaking, are generally red, red and white in patch¬ 
es, roan, or white. The favorite color is a roan, which is 
a mixture of red and white hairs, closely Set together. 
That a Shorthorn is entirely red is not to be taken as an 
indication that there is Devon blood in the animal. A 
distinguishing mark of a Devon is the long, spreading 
horns; while a Shorthorn has short, neatly-curved horns. 
Red Shorthorns have a richer, purer red than the Devon. 
Treatment of BSeaves.— 1 “ T. S.,” Pu¬ 
laski Co., Ind. Heaves is often an hereditary or consti¬ 
tutional disease, depending upon a narrow and ill-formed 
chest; at other times it results from nerve weakness, 
and from indigestion, or it may be a result of all three 
combined. It is, therefore, seldom successfully treated by 
medicine. The course usually followed with success is 
to give moist, cut feed ; but little corn, feeding crushed 
oats chiefly, in its place ; to give with the feed four 
drams of sulphate of iron, with an equal quantity of 
ground gentian root, and to be careful not to overload 
the stomach with either food or water. 
Sportsmen will find in “ Halloek’s American 
Club List and Sportsmen’s Glossary” a complete list of 
the Angling, Athletic, Hunting, Kennel, Rifle, and Asso¬ 
ciations of similar character in this country; with forms 
of organization, rules of practice, and a glossary of tech¬ 
nical terms: all very useful to members of such societies, 
and especially to those about to organize. For sale at 
this office ; price 50 cents. 
<E»reem IK ye for Pasture.—“ J. W. A.,” 
Leeinon, Mo. We have no reason to believe that green 
rye, when pastured, is injurious to hogs, or to any other 
stock. Some persons who have made complaints of it, 
we know to be fussy people who are in the habit of 
changing their minds frequently, and who are fuff of 
whims; some such complaints have been published in 
one or two papers, but we have no confidence in them. 
Sugar Beets. — “A. B. O.,” Clare Co., 
Mich. A dark, rich, eandy loam, will produce a good 
crop of sugar beets. The best variety for stock food is 
Lane’s Imperial Beet, grown by Hon. Henry Lane, of 
Cornwall, Vt., which has yielded 48 tons per acre. 
“One Slumlred Architectural ©c. 
signs,” is a book from A. J. Bicknell & Co., which 
contains in 70 pages all these designs for country honses, 
city houses, stores, chnrches, stables, summer houses, in¬ 
teriors, etc., etc. Many of them have specifications and 
estimates of cost. The work is a collection of the best 
designs from a large number of works, and offers one de¬ 
siring to build a rich variety to select from. Price, $1, 
sent postpaid from this office. 
Castor BBean I*omaee.—“ H. J. S.,” Na¬ 
tick, Mass. For winter rye, or wheat, use about 400 lbs. 
per acre. All fine manures should be kept as near the 
surface as possible; would only harrow it in. When 
used for top-dressing, it should bo mixed with loam or 
muck, allowing, say 300 lbs. of the pomace per acre. We 
would compost all such material with muck, stable-ma¬ 
nure, or loam, that it might become thoroughly decom- i 
posed, and available for plant-food. If well covered with 
earth, it will thus keep uninjuredfor an indefinite period. 
Mills from a. SBeifer.— “A Subscriber.” 
It is not only possible, but easy, to bring a heifer, that 
has not yet had a calf, or that has not even been bred to 
a buff, into milk. All that is necessary is to excite the 
lacteal organs by permitting a calf to suck, or by the ac¬ 
tion of milking with the hands or fingers. We have seen 
two virgin heifers taking their place among the cows in 
a dairy, to be milked twice a day, and one of them gave 
4 quarts a day at 14 months of age. 
Improved E>emaml for Devon 
Cattle.— Tlie New JESerd Book.-H. M. Ses¬ 
sions, of South Wilbraham, Mass., writes us that the de¬ 
mand for Devons the past six months is greater than for 
the three years previous. The inquiries come from all 
parts of the country. Pedigrees for the 5th volume of the 
“Devon Herd Book” are now being received, and as 
soon as one thousand entries are made, the volume will 
be published. Mr. Sessions’ herd now consists of 42 
head, after having sold 20 in the past few months. 
Yorkshire Swine ISecord.—“G. G. 
C.,” Hamilton (?). There is no record of Yorkshire swine. 
Had you given the locality of your town, this reply would 
have been sent by postal card. 
IBed-water in a Calf. — “J. A. Q.,” 
Closter, N. J. Raw flour in the drink is not wholesome 
for a calf; it irritates the intestines, and may be the 
canse of the red-water. In this case we would give two 
ounces of Epsom salts, repeating it the second day, and 
some thin, well boiled oat-meal gruel for drink. If the 
trouble is not removed, give a quarter of an ounce of hy¬ 
posulphite of soda, daily, for a week, and give linseed- 
gruel in place of the oat-meal. Feed her no musty hay. 
Indigestion in Sheep.—“J. II. H.,” 
Northfleld, Conn. An inclination to stretch itself, and 
stand with the fore and hind legs apart, is a symptom of 
indigestion in a sheep. The remedy is to give half a 
pint of raw linseed-oil, and a handful of salt to lick every 
day. When a sheep of a flock dies, it is best to examino 
the carcass, and discover the cause of the sickness, er at 
least be able to give some information upon which ad¬ 
vice may be sought. The best book upon sheep raising 
is Stewart’s “ Shepherd’s Manual,” price $1.50 by mail. 
Treatment of Tanner’s Kefusc.— 
“C. L. M.,” FortPlain, N. Y.,and “J. M. Y.,” Saratoga 
Co., N. Y. Tanner’s refuse, which consists of scraps of 
hide, hair, and lime, should be composted with stable- 
manure, or else spread upon the ground and lightly 
plowed in. When brought into contact with the moist 
warm soil, the hair rots very quickly. The whole 
requires heat, moisture, and time, to decompose. When 
using this matter we have mixed it with tho manure in 
turning over the heap during the winter, and have found 
it ready for use in the spring for the corn crop. 
Cheap Steamer for Cooking; Fccfl, 
—“C. J. B.,” Norfolk, Va. Descriptions with illustra¬ 
tions, of cheap cooking apparatus, are given in the 
American Agriculturist for November, 1874. These num¬ 
bers can be had for 15 cents each. 
To 5*reserve BSarness from IBats. 
—“A. C.,” Kane Co., Ill. The water-proof dressing, 
known as the “ Tunyoap Water-tight,” is said by its 
manufacturers to make harness that is dressed with it 
distasteful to rats and mice. As we have found on trial 
that the claims as to its water-proof qualities are justi¬ 
fied, we infer the claim as to its protection of leather 
dressed with it, against vermin, is also well founded. 
“ Craclkers for Morses.”—“J. A. S.” 
Had yon given your Post-Office, instead of County, we 
should have long ago dropped a note saying that wo 
know nothing of the matter beyond what was given. 
To ISoisi a Wason-bodj'.-"A Sub¬ 
scriber,” Newton, N. J. The easiest way to hoist a 
wagon-body, is to have two strong hooks in the beam of 
the shed over the place for the wagon, and to suspend 
to each hook a block and tackle. Each end of the wagon 
box may be hooked to the tackle and hoisted, a few feet 
at a time, alternately, until it is out of the way. Or 
two pulleys may be hung to the beams, on swivels, and 
two ropes passed over these hooked to tho ends of the 
wagon-box. The ropes may then bo wound up by an 
axle and winch, fastened to the side of the shed, until 
the box is raised sufficiently. 
Slaecp Tides.—“R. M. II.,” Troy, N. Y. 
Where there is only a small flock, it is easy to hand-pick 
the ticks. To do this, the sheep is taken in front of 
the operator, who stoops over it and opens the wool; 
when a tick is seen, it is quickly snipped in two with a 
pair of short scissors; the eggs or pupa; are also killed in 
the same way. We have easily gone through with fifty 
sheep in this way, in half a day. It is not necessary 
to provide dipping apparatus for a small flock. 
Oats and Peas. —“ G. W. J.,” Memphis, 
Tenn. The pea, in tho mixed crop of oats and peas 
which is usually sown in the Northern States, is a true 
pea related to the garden pea, not the Stock or Cow-pea 
of the South, which is nearer a bean than a pea. The 
former pea climbs the oats, and is held up from the 
soil. The cow-pea, on the contrary, would not do this, 
but would spread over the ground. 
•lapanese Pcrsiminen,—“J. B. B.” 
We think that this would succeed in Kentucky, unless in 
an unusually exposed locality. 
Value of Eggs.—Asalren maybe expected 
to lay about 12 dozen of eggs, weighing IS pounds, and 
to consume 60 pounds of corn in the year, it follows that 
for each pound of eggs, 3$ pounds of corn are used. 
There is no other animal product afforded so cheaply. 
Five pounds of corn costs now about 6 cents, and a dozen 
eggs, which are the product of that quantity of corn, are 
worth on an average during the year 20 cents. A brood 
of 10 chicks may be brought to a weight of 2 lbs. each 
upon a bushel of mixed corn and wheat, so that 20 lbs. of 
live weight can be produced from 60 lbs. of grain. There 
is then no more profitable farm stock than poultry. 
Improvement of (he Southern 
iLevees.—“ W. L. S.,” Black Hawk, La., gives the foL 
