Karch 16,1872.] 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. 
751 
ovr Ideas may be carried out.” The lecture was illus¬ 
trated by a number of specimens produced by Mr. AVar- 
nej himself, and by others kindly lent for the occasion 
bythe Heliotype Company, by Messrs. Henderson anc. 
Co, and by Mr. AVoodberry. At its conclusion, a vote 
of tianks to the lecturer was moved by the President. 
and carried by acclamation. 
BIRMINGHAM AND MIDLAND COUNTIES 
CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
M\ AVent worth L. Scott, F.C.S., gave an interesting 
lecture on “ Disinfectants; their Preparation and Pro- 
pertis,” to the members of this association, on Thursday 
evenng, February 29th, at the room of the association, 
Quadrant, New Street, the President, Mr. George 
Dymcnd, in the chair. A large number of chemicals 
and rtensils were exhibited for the purpose of illustra¬ 
tion. The lecturer commenced by saying that the term 
disinfictant was more a popular than a scientific one, its 
object being to prevent the development of germs of ob- 
noxiois organic matter. For this purpose various disin¬ 
fectant were necessary. The sad havoc made in our 
food sipply by cattle disease, and the fatal consequences 
of the spread of cholera and smallpox, had caused the in- 
troducion of a number of disinfectants, some o# great 
service others comparatively worthless, if not injurious. 
There were two classes of disinfectants. First, those 
which vent in search of disease germs and arrested their 
develojment, as the preparations of chlorine, carbolic 
acid, sdphurous acid, bromine; and secondly, those 
which lestroyed the disease germ when brought into 
close contact with it, viz. metallic oxides, such as per- 
mangamte of potash (or Condy’s fluid), sulphate of zinc, 
oxide oflron, etc. He said he had tried many experiments, 
and hadnot found chloralum so satisfactory in its results 
as the oil-fashioned disinfectants—chloride of lime, etc. 
At the conclusion, the Chairman spoke in highly eulo¬ 
gistic terns of the lecture. The subject deserved far 
more practical and scientific attention than at present 
had beengiven to it. Man, he said, in matters of health, 
as in met other things, was his own enemy. AVhen 
men live is God intended they should, the want of disin¬ 
fectants Mould be unknown ; but till then, the duty and 
desire of he chemist would be to contrive to check the 
self-destructive hand of man. 
It was amounced that Mr. Dewson, Queen’s Hospital, 
would reac the next paper, on Thursday evening, March 
28th. 
LEEDS CHEMISTS’ ASSOCIATION. 
A specid Aleeting of this Society was held in the 
Library oi Tuesday, March 5th, 1872, the President, 
Mr. E. Biown, in the chair, “for the consideration of 
provincial pharmaceutical education, with special re¬ 
ference to lie relation and duties of the Pharmaceutical 
Society thereto.” 
The President introduced the subject by reading a 
'etter he had received from Mr. Radley, of Sheffield, 
ind expressed an opinion that whilst the grants from 
■he Council of the Pharmaceutical Society to provincial 
societies was inadequate to the present requirements, he 
vas decidedly opposed to the project of doing away with 
tie educational classes held at Bloomsbury Square. He 
w,s quite sure they would be pleased to hear Mr. 
Remolds’ views upon the subject, previous to which the 
Honorary Secretary would read a letter received from 
Mr. George AVard, F.C.S., who was not able to be 
presnt. In this letter Mr. AVard considered that the 
time\ad not yet arrived for suspending the educational 
functins of the Pharmaceutical Society, nor should this 
work \q delegated to similar institutions, until they 
had unergone considerable expansion and development. 
AVith i>ard to the requirements of the students, Mr. 
AVard thought classes upon botany, materia medica, etc., 
should be held during the earlier part of the day rather 
than in the evening. 
Mr. R. Reynolds said that in the first place he should 
bear in mind that it was less his province to offer 
opinions upon the subject before the meeting, than to* 
lay before it certain facts as to the past action of the 
Council of the Pharmaceutical Society upon the question 
of provincial education. He wished that opportunities' 
for the interchange of opinion between members of the 
Society and their representatives were more frequent, 
and had sometimes thought that a more definite idea of 
their mutual relations would be created if representatives 
were allotted to particular districts. It was well known 
that at the Annual Meeting held in May, 1870, a reso¬ 
lution offered by Mr. G. F. Schacht was carried unani¬ 
mously, affirming the desirability of attention to this 
subject. The new Council took up the matter, and col¬ 
lected and published the statistics of existing educational 
agencies. In November, 1870, the special Committee 
on Provincial Education presented its complete report. 
(Pharm. Journ. Nov. 12). This report discussed the 
general question, and laid down definite principles tcv 
guide the action of the Council. 
The chief of these were the following, viz., that the: 
exceptional position of those young men who suddenly 
found themselves made liable to examination, although 
finding few existing facilities for education, justified the 
Society in giving them temporary aid; that it was not 
desirable for the Society to initiate new schools of phar¬ 
macy, but that it should recognize and aid local organi¬ 
zations formed for the purpose of teaching; that the 
iroughness of this effort should be the guide to the 
amount of aid given. Various aspects of the question 
were pointed out by the report, such as the necessity for 
ang men devoting to their class-studies more time 
than the fag-ends of days spent in business. The influ¬ 
ence of local schools of pharmacy in maintaining and 
raising the esprit de corps of our body was also indicated. 
The report concluded by suggesting certain conditions’, 
or making grants in aid of provincial schools of phar¬ 
macy, by which the Council should guide its adminis¬ 
trative action. These may summarized as follows :— 
1. To increase the fees the Society’s Museum as- 
of teachers of chemistry, 
practical chemistry, ma¬ 
teria medica, pharmacy 
and botany. 
2. To pay one-half the 
salary of a curator and 
lecture assistant. 
3. To distribute such 
duplicate specimens from 
The Council adopted the report and conditions, and 
instantly acted upon them by making a grant to che¬ 
mists in Norwich for the purchase of botanical dia- 
might be available. 
grants 
to 1 
4. To make 
libraries. 
5. To grant loans of 
materials for class-teach¬ 
ing, with the power of 
making them absolute 
grants. 
grams. 
Mr. Reynolds continued: The matter stood thus for 
five months, during which period his physical incapacity 
to attend meetings of the Council prevented his tracing its- 
history. At a meeting of the Council in April, 1871, it 
is recorded that “ the following conditions, etc., were 
adopted.” (Pharm. Journ. April 15th.) The scope of 
the new conditions was now limited to two only of the 
five objects previously accepted, with the addition of a 
power of lending a collection of apparatus for teaching 
physics that had been purchased from Dr. Redwood. 
The objects of the conditions now were :—■ 
1. To make grants to 
libraries. 
2. To make loans of 
materials for class-teach¬ 
ing, with the power of 
making 
grants. 
them absolute 
3. To lend the Redwood 
collection of apparatus for 
periods of fourteen days. 
No reason for the change of plan has been made public,, 
and it is at least certain that it did not result from the 
