April 20,1872.] 
THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL AND TRANSACTIONS. 
817 
WO, + HI =ch 3 i + c i: h 19 no 3 , 
Codeia. Morphia. 
C 17 H 19 X0 3 + 2HI = I 2 + C 17 H 21 X0 3 , 
Morphia. Hypothetical new base X. 
C 17 H 21 X0 3 + 2,HI =. I 2 + HoO -f C 17 H 21 XOj. 
Hypothetical new base X. Hypothetical new base Y # 
These two hypothetical bases, X and Y, then serve as 
the foundations of two series of new products expressible 
by the general formulae : — 
4X+nHI±pH 2 0, 
4Y-HHI±/H 2 0. 
In accordance with these views, it 'might be antici¬ 
pated that, on treating morphia with hydriodic acid and 
phosphorus, cither the same products, or at least pro¬ 
ducts belonging to these same series, would ultimately 
result, which is in fact the case. 
The morphia used in these experiments was presented 
for the purpose by Messrs. Macfarlane, of Edinburgh, to 
whom the writer has already been so much indebted 
for similar acts of liberality; the hydriodic acid was 
prepared as described in Part III., and contained 50 to 
-55 per cent, of HI. 
On dissolving morphia by the aid of heat in about 
four times its weight of this acid, a marked brown 
colouration is visible, indicating the separation of 
iodine ; on adding phosphorus and continuing to heat, 
lliis colour ultimately disappears, a colourless syrupy 
liquid being obtained, which is freed from amorphous 
phosphorus and the phosphorous acids produced during 
the reaction by filtration though asbestos while hot, 
precipitation by water, etc., precisely as in the case of the 
.“similar codeia products. On then treating codeia, one 
•or other of three products appear to be formed, accord¬ 
ing to the temperature employed, viz.:— 
At 100°. 4X+6HI. 
At 110°-115° .. 4X+6HI-2H,0. 
Boiled up to 130° .. 4Y-j-6HI — 2H 2 0. 
In the case of morphia, however, the resulting pro¬ 
duct is the same at whatever of these temperatures the 
reaction ensues, and has the composition 4X+6HI 
_2H 2 0. Thus the following numbers were obtained after 
-complete drying at 100°:— 
(A.) Digested four hours at 100°. 
0-3695 grm. gave 0 , 5920 CO- and 0T710 H 2 0. 
0-3325 „ 0-2410 Agl. 
.-(B.) Gently boiled ten minutes. 
0-3955 grm. gave 0-6240 CO., and 0-1770 H.,0. 
0-3465 „ 0-2530 Agl. 
0-4420 „ 0-3260 Agl. 
:{C.) Boiled till the thermometer stood at 132°. 
0-3150 grm. gave 0-4990 CO., and 0-1400 H 2 0. 
0-4405 „ 0-3280 Agl. 
Calculated. Found. Mean. 
A. 
B. 
c. 
^GS 
.. 816 
43-40 
43-69 
43-03 
43-20 
43-31 
H 8G 
86 
4-58 
5-14 
4-97 
4-94 
5-02 
Ir, 
.. 762 
40-53 
39-17 
39-46 39-86 
40-24 
39-68 
56 
2-98 
Ao 
.. 160 
8-51 
1880 100-00 
•^V>3^82 EH 4 0 105 ^ HI 
Hence this product is formed from morphia in accord¬ 
ance with the equation 
4C 17 H 19 NO 3 +14HI=2H 2 O+4l 2 +C 63 H 82 I 2 X 4 O 10 ,4HL 
In physical properties and qualitative reactions the 
substance thus got is indistinguishable from the product 
of the same composition obtained from codeia; like the 
-codeia product, too, it loses the elements of HI on long- 
continued boiling with water. 
II. Action of Water on the foregoing Compounds. 
When the original substance C G8 II S J 2 X,O 10 ,4III is 
boded for five hours with about three hundred times its 
weight of water, a liquid is obtained from which white 
flakes separate on cooling ; these have the same curious 
microscopical structure as the body similarly obtained 
from codeia, and gave the following numbers after 
drying at 100°:— 
0-3680 grm. gave 0-6220 CO., and 0-1 
770 H.,0. 
0-4240 
„ 0-7165 CO., 
and 0-2050 H,0. 
0-3780 
„ 0-2520 Agl 
• 
Calculated. 
Found. 
Cos .• 
.. .. 816 
46-58 
46-10 46 
h 85 .. .. 
.. .. 85 
4-85 
5"34 5 
I 5 .. .• 
.. .. 635 
36-24 
36-02 
X 4 .. .. 
3-20 
O 10 
.. .. 160 
919 
C 68 H 81 IX 4 O 10 , 
4HI 1760 
100-00 
Hence this substance is formed by the reaction 
C C sH 82 I 2 N 4 O 10 ,4HI = HI + C 6s H s1 IX 4 O 10) 4HI, 
identical with that which takes place with the corre¬ 
sponding compound in the codeia series. 
When the compound C G8 H 81 IX 4 O 10 ,4HI from codeia is 
further treated with excess of water and boiled for several 
hours, a further elimination of the elements of HI has 
been shown to take place, the end product having the 
composition C G8 H 80 X 4 O 10 ,4HI; as stated in part III., 
however, it is very difficult to push this reaction to its 
extreme. Precisely the same facts are observable with 
the above morphia product; by boiling this with three 
hundred times its weight of water for three hours, half 
the basic iodine it contains is eliminated as III, forming 
a product which may be either a mixture of equivalent 
quantities of C G8 II 81 IX 4 O 10 4HI and C 6s H 80 X 4 O 10 4 HI, or 
a single substance of the formula C 13G H 161 IX 8 O 20 .8HL If 
this latter be the case, the formula; hitherto attributed to 
the derivatives from codeia and morphia obtained by the 
action of HI are only half the true ones; and the for¬ 
mation of this substance may be expressed by the equa¬ 
tions 
CueH^NaOa.SHI = 2III + C 13G II 1G2 I 2 X 8 O 20 , SHI, 
EjsoHjcoIoXaCho, SHI = HI -j- C 13G II 1G1 L N 8 O.- 0 ,8HI. 
The following considerations tend to show that this 
body is a single substance and not a mixture :— 
1st. By treating the compound hitherto described as 
C 6S H 81 IX 4 p 10 ,4HI from codeia with water, a body which 
has the composition of C 13G H 1Gl IX 8 O. 20 ,8HI is produced 
previously to the production of the substance hitherto 
described as C G8 H 80 X 4 O 10 ,4HI. Xow it is not probable 
that in two separate instances one compound should] split 
up into mixtures of two bodies of analogous though 
slightly different constitutions, these two being formed 
in each case in equivalent quantities. 
2nd. A body which is without doubt a single com¬ 
pound, and which has the formula C 135 H 153 IN 8 O 20 ,8HI, 
has been produced (as will be described in a subsequent 
communication) by the simultaneous action of HI and P 
on a polyamide of codeia obtained from that base by the 
action of phosphoric acid; in physical and chemical pro¬ 
perties this product much resembles the two bodies thus 
obtained from morphia and codeia products by the ac¬ 
tion of water ; and hence these two bodies probably con¬ 
tain, like it, C 136 associated with I in the base. 
In order to show the resemblance between, or rather 
the identity of, the codeia and morphia products, the 
formulae given in Part III. have been adopted in this 
paper (viz., those containing C G9 ); but the author has no 
doubt that each of the substances has really double the 
formula ascribed to it ( i.e . that each contains C,^). 
The substances of compositions C 13G H !G1 IX s O 20 ,8HI 
obtained as above-mentioned from codeia and morphia 
