75 
The Chelidonians have a very short depressed bill, 
very wide at the base, and the upper mandible curved 
at the point; feet short; toes, three before, divided, or 
united at the base by a short membrane, one behind; 
the latter often reversible. 
Same Case—Chimney-Swallow ( Hirundo rustled), 
Martin (II. urbica ), Sand-Martin (II. riparia ), Swift 
(H. apus), Goatsucker (Caprimulgus Europceus). 
The Pigeons have a moderate, compressed bill, with 
the point more or less curved; the nostrils are pierced 
in a soft skin covering the base of the bill; toes, three 
before, entirely divided, one behind. 
Case 16 (bottom). Ring-Pigeon (Columba palumbus), 
Stock-Pigeon (C. cenas ), Turtle-Dove (C. turtur). 
The Gallinaceous Birds have a short, convex bill, 
with the upper mandible curved from the base, or only 
at the point; nostrils lateral; tarsi long; three toes, 
before, united by a membrane ; the hind toe articulated 
higher on the tarsus than the others; rarely no hind 
toe, or very small. 
Same Case (upper part) and Case 17. Pheasant 
(Phasianus colchicus), Ring-Pheasant (P. torquatus)> 
Red Grouse (Tetrao Scoticus), Ptarmigan (T. lagopus ), 
Capercalzie, or Cock of the Wood* ( T\ urogallus ), 
Black-Cock (T. tetrix ), Partridge (Perdix cinerea ), 
Quail (P. cotumix). 
The Coursers (Cursores, Temm .) have a moderate 
or short bill; legs long, naked above the knee: toes, 
two or three, before; no hind toe. 
Case 18 (upper part). Great Bustard (Otis tarda ), 
Little Bustard (O. tetrax ), Courser, or Cream-coloured 
Plover (Cursorius isabeltinus). 
The Waders have most commonly a straight, com¬ 
pressed bill, of an elongated, conical form,—-rarely de- 
* The last are not British specimens ; the species, though for¬ 
merly found in Scotland, is now no longer met with in that coun¬ 
try. 
ROOM XII. 
Nat. Hist. 
pressed 
