GALLERY.] 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
119 
— Triphyline, a phosphate of iron,, manganese and lithia. 
—Phosphate of copper, of which the best characterised 
species are—the octahedral, also called olive malachite, 
from Lebethen in Hungary; and the prismatic, called 
pseudomalachite, from Rheinbreitenbach, where it occurs 
with quartz which sometimes passes into calcedony. 
Case 55. Part of this case is occupied by the remaining 
phosphates. Phosphates of alumina, to which belong—the 
wavellite, a substance which was originally mistaken for a 
hydrate of pure alumina, and therefore called hy dr argillite, 
from Devonshire, Ireland, Brazil, Greenland, from Amberg 
in Bavaria (called lasionite), from Aussig in Bohemia, on 
sand stone, &c.—the klaprothite, called also blue spar, and 
iazulite, and therefore sometimes confounded with the lapis 
lazuli in Case 37-;—together with some other substances 
of which no exact analyses have as yet been published, 
though they are known to be chiefly composed of alumina, 
in combination with phosphoric acid, such as—the calaite, 
or real turquois (Jiruzah in Persian), an opaque gem found 
chiefly at Nishapur, in the province of Khorasan, Persia, 
in nodules or as small veins traversing a ferrugino-argil¬ 
laceous rock, and greatly esteemed on account of its beau¬ 
tiful blue colour, which will in most cases be sufficient to 
distinguish it both from the blue silicate of copper (Case 
26) and from fossil bones (particularly teeth) impregnated 
with blue phosphate of iron or carbonate of copper (the 
occidental turquoises of lapidaries). The hakoxene, a rare 
substance of a crystalline diverging-fibrous structure and 
yellow colour, found in the fissures of argillaceous iron¬ 
stone, nearZbirow in Bohemia ;—and the childrenile from 
Tavistock, in Devonshire : both which mineral substances 
contain alumina and oxide of iron combined with phos¬ 
phoric acid, but require to be subjected to closer chemical 
examination.— Phosphate of uranium : —to these belong 
the yellow uranite or man mica from Autun, Limoges, 
Bodemr.ais; and the green uranite, or chalcolite, chiefly 
from Cornwall and Saxony: both of them phosphates of 
oxide of uranium, but distinct by containing, the former a 
small portion of phosphate of lime, and the latter an 
equivalent portion of phosphate of copper. — This Case 
also contains the nitrates and part of the sulphates. Ni¬ 
trate of potassa, native nitre or saltpetre, found as efflo¬ 
rescence, mixed with other nitrates, and as crystalline crusts; 
