132 
AURORA AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE. 
4 given quantity of land, rather than an increased 
weight of grass. 
Another occupant says, his stock was scarcely 
ever seen feeding on any other than the boned land, 
and it was still so full of feed, that it might be mown 
to advantage, producing principally cow grass or 
marl clover, white clover, and perennial trefoil; at 
the same time the part of the field where the stock 
would not feed was both bare and thin. Instances 
occur where bone has been applied on wet land, which 
had remained undecomposed, and without producing 
any perceptible effect for many years, when the land 
had been drained for some months, the coarse herb¬ 
age began to disappear, and it was soon covered with 
the finest description of permanent, valuable grasses. 
The value of bones for most tillage crops, turnips, 
wheat, &c., is too well known to be here repeated. 
The above examples will suffice to show the immense 
advantage clay pastures or grass lands derive from 
bones. 
Much, and it appears to me very stupid contro¬ 
versy, has existed, even among scientific men, as to 
the comparative value of boiled and raw bones. 
An analysis of each shows conclusively that the 
raw are much the more valuable. The analysis of 
Fourcroy and Vauquelin gives to ox bones, of 
Decomposed animal matter,.51.0 
Phosphate of lime,.37.7 
Carbonate of lime,.10.0 
Phosphate of magnesia,.1.3 
—— 100 . 
The analysis of M. Guillott gives, for 
Calf bones, 54.0 phos. lime, .0 carb. lime. 
Horse do. 67.5 “ “ 1.25 “ “ 
Sheep do. 70.0 “ “ .5 “ 
Yet, notwithstanding the great additional proportion 
of phosphate of lime, which has been maintained to 
be the sole fertilizing principle, by many distinguished 
scientific men, the experience of practical intelligent 
farmers assigns much the most value to the ox bones, 
which contain the lesser quantity of the phosphate. 
It follows conclusively, that the decomposable animal 
matter extracted by digestion or calcination, gives to 
them the increased value over other bones. The ex¬ 
tractive matter, oil and gelatine, principally, is of 
much value in the arts, and is generally worth much 
more for this purpose than for the uses of agriculture; 
and where this is well understood, boiled bones sell 
or about one-third less than the raw; the former 
selling now for £3 10s. to £3 15s., while the latter 
are worth £5. The increased value of the raw is 
further shown by the high price of bone saw-dust, 
furnished by the bone manufacturers, which, in con¬ 
sequence of its extreme division, gives out all its fer¬ 
tilizing matter immediately to the soil. This sells 
generally at £8. 
The quantity usually put on an acre is 15 to 25 
cwt.; though 8 cwt. has produced in some instances 
surprising effects. 
Now, we ought to look with certainty for a pro¬ 
fitable application of the above unquestionable facts, 
by American farmers. We have in this country 
somewhere, the accumulation of bones produced 
here for nearly two centuries, and a large addition 
may be looked for annually hereafter, all of which 
may be had for the cost of collecting; and surely 
tfe^re are worn-out lands enough in the older States, | 
which require, and would make a grateful return for 
their application. R. L. Allen. 
Buffalo , Feb. 19, 1845. 
AURORA AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE, 
AT AURORA, CAYUGA CO., N. Y. 
The late Judge Buel, in one of his publicxaddresses, 
in speaking of Agricultural Schools, says :—“ I pre¬ 
tend not to the spirit of prophecy, yet I venture to 
predict, that many who now hear me will live to see 
professional Schools of Agriculture established in 
our land; to see their utility extolled, and to be in¬ 
duced to consider them the best nurseries for republi¬ 
can virtues, and the surest guaranty for the perpetuity 
of our liberties. They should be established—they 
will be established—and the sooner they are estab¬ 
lished the better for our country.” 
The undersigned, being satisfied of the great public 
utility of such institutions, and feeling an ardent 
desire for their early introduction into our Slate, have, 
in order to meet what now seems to be a decided 
public sentiment in their favor, and call for their 
establishment, resolved to open such a school, and 
have already made arrangements therefor. 
The F.arm upon which the Institute is located, is 
situated in and directly adjoining the beautiful village 
of Aurora, on the east bank of Cayuga Lake, in 
Cayuga county, 16 miles from;Auburn, and 12 miles 
from Cayuga Bridge and the Auburn and Rochester 
Railroad. The communication is direct with Auburn 
by stage, and with the railroad by steamboat, in 
summer. The farm contains 212 acres, in a good 
state of cultivation. The soil is various; fruit abun¬ 
dant; buildings are good—part nearly new—and 
very pleasantly situated. The location is considered 
one of the most desirable of the many beautiful situa¬ 
tions on the borders of the lake, commanding an ex¬ 
tensive and varied prospect of its waters and the sur¬ 
rounding country, and altogether admirably adapted 
to the end in view. 
It is the intention of the undersigned that this 
institution shall afford every facility for young men 
to make themselves thoroughly acquainted with the 
principles of Agricultural Science, and their judicious 
application to practical hnsbandry; and particularly 
to afford young men from our large towns the most 
favorable opportunity for preparing themselves for 
agricultural pursuits. It is also their purpose to some 
extent to test, by actual experiment, the correctness 
of principles in agriculture now received, but not yet 
well established, and report the same to the public. 
The young men will be received into the family 
of the principal, and be kept under his immediate and 
constant supervision. Particular regard will be had 
for their moral culture ; and a strict observance of all 
rules and regulations required. 
Terms—$150 a-year, payable quarterly in ad¬ 
vance. No pupils under fourteen years of age will 
be received. Application for admission may be 
made to the principal, from whom any further infor¬ 
mation may, on request, be obtained. 
Charles C. Young, A.M., 
Proprietor and Principal. 
For further particulars regarding the above instt 
tute, see advertisement. We shall take pleasure in 
answering any inquiries which may be addressed us 
