Receipts-—Corn Stall! Sugar, 
I 85 
on the fire in the hearth, then stop the fire-place with 
a wet sheet or blanket. In a few seconds the fire will 
be entirely out.— Franklin Farmer. 
If you wish to have a supply of horse-radish all winter, 
have a quantity grated while the root is in perfection, 
put it in bottles, fill them with vinegar, and keep them 
corked tight. 
Inflamed Eyes. —Pour boiling water on some alder 
flowers, and steep them like tea. When cold, put three 
or four drops of laudanum into a small glass of the liquid, 
and apply the liquid to the eyes three or four times a 
day; which persevered in, they will become perfectly 
strong in the course of a week. 
When making Candles , steep the wicks in lime water 
and saltpetre, and dry them. The flame will be clear, 
and the tallow will not “ run.” 
Gapes in Chickens .—Take as much soft soap as will 
cover the thumb-nail, and mix it with meal dough. Give 
it to the chicks at any stage of the disease. If this fails 
on the first application, it rarely does on the second. 
Woollens should be washed in very hot suds, and not 
rinsed. Lukewarm water shrinks them. 
SELECTIONS. 
Raising Corn for the manufacture of Sugar.—■ 
By Wm. Webb , of Wilmington . Del. 
Use for seed the largest and best ears of any variety 
of corn not disposed to throw up suckers, or spread out 
in branches; that kind most productive in the neigh¬ 
borhood, will be generally the best one adapted to the 
purpose. The planting should be done with a drilling 
machine. One man with a pair of horses, and an in¬ 
strument of this kind, will plant and cover, in the most 
perfect manner, from ten to twelve acres in a day. 
The rows (if practicable, let them run north and south) 
two and a half feet apart, and the seed dropped suffi¬ 
ciently thick in the row to insure a plant every two or 
three inches. 
A large harrow made with teeth arranged so as not 
to injure the corn, may be used to advantage soon after 
it is up. The after culture is performed with a culti¬ 
vator, and here will be perceived one of the great ad¬ 
vantages of drilling; the plants all growing in lines, 
perfectly regular and straight with each other, the 
horse-hoe stirs the earth and cuts up the weeds close 
by every one, so that no hand-hoeing will be required 
in any part of the cultivation. 
“It is a part of the system of cane planting in Lou¬ 
isiana, to raise as full a stand of cane upon the ground 
as possible; experience having proved that the most 
sugar is obtained from the land in this way.” As far 
as my experience has gone, the same thing is true of 
corn. This point must therefore be attended to, and 
the deficiencies, if any occur, made up by timely re¬ 
planting. 
The next operation is taking off the ears. Many 
stalks will not produce any, but wherever they appear, 
they must be removed. It is not best to undertake the 
work too early; as when the ears first appear, they 
are tender, and cannot be taken off without breaking, 
which increases the trouble. Any time before the for¬ 
mation of grain upon them, will be soon enough. 
Nothing farther is necessary to be done until the 
crop is ready to cut for grinding. In our latitude, (39° 
43' N.) the cutting may commence, with the earlier 
varieties, about the middle of August. The later kinds 
will be ripe in September, and continue in season until 
cut off by frost. The stalks should be topped and 
bladed while standing in the field. They are then cut, 
tied in bundles, and taken to the mill. The tops and 
blades, when properly cured, make excellent fodder, 
rather better, it is believed, than any hitherto used $ 
and the residuum, after passing the rollers, may easily 
be dried and used in the same way ; another advantage 
over the cane, which, after the juice is expressed, is 
usually burned. 
The mills should be made on the same general prin¬ 
ciple employed in constructing those intended for grind¬ 
ing cane. An important difference, however, will be 
found both in the original cost, and in the expense of 
working them. Judging from the comparative hard¬ 
ness of cane and corn stalk, it is believed that one- 
fourth part of the strength necessary in the construc¬ 
tion of a cane mill, will be amply sufficient for corn ; 
and less than one-fourth part of the power will move 
it with the same velocity. It may be made with three 
upright wooden rollers, from twenty to forty inches in 
length, turned so as to run true, and fitted into a strong 
frame work, consisting of two horizontal pieces sus¬ 
tained by uprights. These pieces are mortised to admit 
wedges on each side the pivots of the two outside roll¬ 
ers, by which their distances from the middle one may 
be regulated. The power is applied to the middle 
roller, and the others are moved from it by means of 
cogs. In grinding, the stalks pass through on the right 
side of the middle cylinder, and come in contact with a 
piece of frame work called the dumb returner, which 
directs them backwards so that they pass through the 
rollers again on the opposite side of the middle one. 
The modern improved machine is made entirely of 
iron ; three horizontal rollers arranged in a triangular 
form, one above and two below, the cane or stalk 
passes directly through, receiving two pressures before 
it escapes. The lower cylinders are contained in a 
small cistern which receives the juice. The latter ma¬ 
chine is the most complete, the former the least expen¬ 
sive. These mills may be moved by cattle, but for 
large operations, steam or water power is preferable. 
When the vertical cylinders are turned by cattle, the 
axis of the middle one has long levers fixed across it, 
extending from ten to fifteen feet from the centre. 
To render the arms firm, the axis of this roller is car¬ 
ried up to a considerable height, and oblique braces of 
wood by which the oxen or horses draw, are extended 
from the top of the vertical axis, to the extremities of 
each of the arms- When horizontal cylinders are pro¬ 
pelled by animal power, the upper roller is turned by 
cogs at one end, which are caught by cogs on a vertical 
shaft. It is said that in the West Indies, the purest 
cane juice will ferment in twenty minutes after it en¬ 
ters the receiver. Corn juice has been kept for one 
hour before boiling, without any apparent injury result¬ 
ing; but so much delay is not desirable, as it may be. 
attended with bad effects. 
The process which has been employed in the manu¬ 
facture of Maize sugar, is as follows: The juice, after 
coming from the mill, stood for a short time to deposite 
some of its coarser impurities; it was then poured off, 
and passed through a flannel strainer, in order to get 
rid of such matters as could be separated in this way. 
Lime water, called milk of lime, was then added in 
the proportion of one or two table spoon’s full to the 
gallon. It is said by sugar manufacturers, that knowl¬ 
edge on this point can'only be acquired by experience; 
but I have never failed in making sugar from employ¬ 
ing too much or too little of the lime. A certain por¬ 
tion of this substance, however, is undoubtedly neces¬ 
sary, and more or less than this will be injurious ; but 
no precise directions can bo given about it. The juice 
was then placed over the fire, and brought nearly to 
the boiling point, when it was carefully skimmed, 
taking care to complete this operation before ebullition 
commenced. It was then boiled down rapidly, re¬ 
moving the scum as it rose. The juice was examined 
