274L 
Fair of Am. Institute—Heports, 
this difference, and are already introducing the Pied¬ 
montese reel into India. 
The silk business has one great recommendation to 
us as Americans—it requires personal superintendence 
and care—it is well adapted to give employment to that 
portion of our population which, from the improvements 
in machinery, have been thrown out of employment— 
the silk reel will now supply the place of the spinning 
wheel, and give pleasing employment and support to a 
deserving part of the community. 
The Committee are not averse to the introduction of 
machinery, for they are aware that with all the im¬ 
provements which can be made, there will be still 
enough to employ all our manual labor, which has not 
other useful and profitable occupation : they wish, how¬ 
ever, to encourage such as are really valuable and dis¬ 
courage such as are not calculated to benefit the silk 
grower and the country. 
With these views, the Committee do not think the 
reel exhibited, No. 208 and No. 1285, are entitled to a 
premium, as not adapted to the advancement of silk 
manufacture or calculated for the use of silk producers, 
as the sewing silk produced on them, will not sell for 
any more or as much, when brought to market, as if 
simply well reeled , and the same manual labor applied 
separately to each branch of the business here attempt¬ 
ed to be combined, will produce an article of superior 
quality. 
The producing cocoons, and reeling silk, is properly 
the business of the farmer, the throwing, spinning, 
weaving, &c., the business of the manufacturer, and 
they cannot be advantageously combined any more 
than growing and spinning of cotton ; there is enough 
for both to do, and both will derive larger profits from 
their respective employments, than they can possibly 
realize from uniting them together. 
The Silk Doubler and Winder, No. 692, appears to 
be well adapted to the purposes intended, and the Com¬ 
mittee think is deserving the notice of the Institute, 
although the exhibiter does not claim the merit as in¬ 
ventor, but as having made an improvement on the 
most approved machinery now in use in England, and 
as the first to introduce the same in this country. 
Committee. 
S. M. McRay, 
W. A. Woodward, 
We fully agree with the authors of the above report, 
in the necessity of using simple machinery when reeled 
by the producers of the cocoons ; and we willingly leave 
to the regular and more extensive manufacturer, his 
choice of plans for converting the cocoons into the 
finished fabric. 
No. 1285.— Silk Machine. —This is a domestic ma¬ 
chine of the character of the premium machine last year 
(Dr. White’s). It is intended to obviate a defect in the 
twist, which in Dr. White’s is not perfectly uniform 
without change of speed in some parts of the machine 
during the filling of a bobbin ; but in this machine it 
is rendered uniform, by substituting an ordinary thros¬ 
tle spindle. This machine twists from the reel, and 
may be called an improvement upon Dr. White’s ; and 
although this improvement is nothing more than to 
drop a defect and substitute an old method, it is never¬ 
theless an improvement, and in the opinion of your 
Committee, entitled to some merit as a good Domestic 
Silk Machine. 
No. 692.— Silk Machine. —Your Committee consider 
this a useful machine for a manufactory in which 
winding, reeling, also reeling from swifts, and doubling 
from spools is practised. This machine has also a 
colleague machine accompanying it for doubling and 
twisting, in which are parts to note the breaking of a 
thread. Your Committee think well of the spool used 
by these machines being of tin. We recommend it as 
the best machine for manufactory use exhibited. 
Upon the subject of Silk Machinery your Committee 
say, in conclusion, that they regret the absence of any 
thing decidedly new and important at the present Fair. 
No. 19.— Grist Mill , of the class called Portable.— 
A small mill upon this plan is got up to be worked by 
hand, and may be termed a “ Hominey Mill,” for 
which purpose it is well adapted. We recommend it 
to the favor of the Premium Committee, as the best 
Hominey Mill. Another specimen upon this plan, 
called ce Universal Mill for Grinding Grain.” We 
pronounce it a good flour mill. 
Cotton and Hay Presses. —There have been seven or 
eight varieties exhibited at the present Fair. Their im¬ 
portance is enhanced by the increased disposition to 
press hay for market. 
No. 1204.— Hay and Cotton Press. —This press is an 
excellent one, and finest and best for a Cotton Packing 
Press, and deserving of particular notice. It is also a 
good Hay Press ; but as a cheap press is the principal 
merit for their use, we present another as best. 
No. 1136.— Combination Power Press. —This article 
has the qualities of a cheap, strong press for hay, and 
we pronounce it best for that use. 
No. 1237.— Lever Railway Press. —This press is 
also intended for hay, and is second best. 
No. 1301.— Dynamometer for Machinery. —This arti¬ 
cle was exhibited last year upon a smaller scale. The 
specimen now here is a large, well-built, and excellent 
article, suitable for measuring the power of the largest 
size engines; its use cannot fail to advance scientific 
mechanism. We bespeak for it particular attention. 
No. 110.— Revolving Stand Pumps. —These pumps 
unite simplicity of construction with durability, con¬ 
venience and economy. They are so constructed that 
the handle may be changed to any position ; they are 
made of cast iron, cheap and durable—worthy of the 
favorable notice of the Premium Committee. 
No. 989.— Smut Machine —This machine, for which 
a gold medal has heretofore been awarded, continues 
to be the best. 
No. 25.— Smut Machine. —This is also a good arti¬ 
cle, performing its work well and rapidly, but in its 
construction more frail and less durable. In competi¬ 
tion with No. 989, is second best. Entitled to notice 
as a good smut Machine. 
No. 942.— Smut and Garlic Machine. —This machine 
is made upon the general plan of No. 989, with the ad¬ 
dition of a coarse card rubber for cleaning garlic, for 
which purpose it appears to be well adapted, and en¬ 
titled to particular notice as an improvement upon No. 
989, both being the invention of the same individual. 
New York State Fair Reports. 
Maple Sugar by B. Gauss, jr. of E. Bloomfield who 
received the highest premium of $ 15. He manufactures 
from six to eight hundred pounds of Maple Sugar a year; 
and taps about three hundred trees. He boils in a sheet 
iron pan set upon an arch. When the sap is boiled to 
a syrup, it is then carried to the house, strained and 
settled; afterward it is put into a kettle, boiled and 
cleansed with milk and the white of eggs, until it will 
grain. It is then put into pans to drain; then put 
into boxes to drain. These boxes converge to a point, 
so that the molasses settles to the bottom. On the 
