A SOUTHERN BARN.-FENCING. 
81 
where potatoes or similar plants have been grown 
and removed. 
I would remark, that I have selected the above 
cases, because they represent the chief of the pro¬ 
ducts cultivated in this country; and in doing so, 
I have given such average preparations as will be 
beneficial in most, if not in all cases, as manure, to 
be used after the different crops mentioned; but ma¬ 
nures may be prepared according to the invention, 
for other plants than those mentioned ; and, if desir¬ 
ed, manures may be made with greater exactness 
for those plants which have been mentioned for 
particular cases, if the matters of which the plants 
are composed and the quantities are first ascertained, 
by burning the plants and analyzing the ashes, and 
then combining the manure according to the 
analysis. The manure so made is to be applied to 
the land in quantities, as great or greater than the 
quantities of the elements which have been removed j 
by the previous crop. It should be stated, that 
where the straw of wheat and other similar plants 
which require much silicate of potash. Is returned 
to the land as manure, that is considered to be the 
best means of restoring the requisite silicate of 
potash to the land, in which case, in preparing the 
manures above mentioned, the silicate of potash 
would be omitted. 
Having thus described the nature of the inven¬ 
tion, and the method of proceeding under it, I 
would wish it to be understood, that what I claim, 
is the preparing and applying, in the manufacture 
of manure, carbonate of potash and carbonate of 
soda with carbonate and phosphate of lime, in such 
manner as to render the alkaline salts in manufac¬ 
tured manure less soluble, and therefore less liable 
to be washed away by rain before they are assimi¬ 
lated by the growing plants. Jamrs Muspratt. 
English Repertory. 
A SOUTHERN BARN. 
Ground Plan.—Fig. 20. 
A, passage way, 7 or 8 ft. wide; aaaa , stalls, 
© ft. long and 7| ft. wide ; bbbb, mangers for hay, 
2 ft. long, lh ft. wide, and H ft. deep; cccc, boxes 
for grain, H ft. long, 1 ft. wide, and 1 ft. deep ; 
eee e, doors leading from the passage way into the 
stalls, 6 ft. high and 3h ft wide. 
The horse’s head is always at the door where 
his food is ; he needs no halter, and can turn 
round in his stall, which gives him room to lie 
down at his ease. When you wish to feed, it can 
be done, without running the risk of being kicked, 
and the horse’s head is where you want it to bridle 
jtoim. The large passage will admit a cart or small 
wagon to pass through and receive the dung of the 
stable. 
The partition walls should go down to the floor 
©f the stall, whether of brick or stone. The door 
should be open to admit light and air. About 6 
inches from the floor there should be an air hole 3 
or 4 inches wide, and above, under the plate, there 
should be an opening of about 4 to 6 inches, the 
width of the stall. The partition wall should not 
be less than about seven feet high, to keep the 
horses from biting each other—no opening allowed 
on the partition walls. On the posts in the passage 
there should be pins or hooks to hang up bridle, 
halter, &c. The above plan of stalls may be ex¬ 
tended to any number, according to the length of the 
barn. It should be 25 or 26 ft. wide if double rows 
of stalls are wanted ; and if only one row of stalls, 
then 16 ft. wide will do. Between the floors it 
should be 9 or 10 ft. The passage or outside door 
should be as wide as the passage, and have three or 
four hinges to each one, large and strong. 
South Carolina. John B. Miller. 
FENCING.^No. 2. 
In my last, I omitted to state one of the losses 
from fencing, which, though trifling to each indi¬ 
vidual, amounts to something in the aggregate. A 
mile of our worm-fence occupies half an acre of 
ground. If there are 100,000 miles of fencing in 
the State, then 50,000 acres of land are covered and 
made useless by fences. Supposing its average 
value to be $5 per acre, here are $250,000 more of 
capital lying idle. 
In most parts of Europe there are no fences, and 
you may travel day after day, through beautiful 
fields, coming up to the road side. One feels as 
though he was riding through his own plantation. 
Here the section fences shut out much of the beau¬ 
ties of the growing crops and varied landscape, and 
frown defiance on every passer-by, eternally 
marking the fact that you are on another’s soil, and 
a mere wayfarer. How much the pleasures of tra¬ 
velling and the interest in agriculture are diminish¬ 
ed by this! 
Then, again, we have here to keep up endless 
lanes—to close up our change roads, or put up 
gates, which are expensive, troublesome, and a 
constant source of vexation. Half the troubles of 
a planter’s life are in some way connected with his 
fences. Besides the never ending labor, he has to 
clog, wound, and kill his neighbor’s hogs, which 
are sure to find all the weak places ; and he after all 
loses more or less of his crop every year. These 
trespasses, and the closing or changing of road, or 
leaving open gates, occasion nine-tenths of the 
heart-burnings and quarrels among neighbors. It is 
scarcely possible to maintain “ peace and good 
will on earth,” where rail-fences and stock ranges 
are the fashion. 
I have said that after all our ranges are of little 
or no value. I believe that, in most instances, we 
feed as much to our hogs at any rate, as they would 
require in pens, and as much as the proper number 
of good cattle would consume. Let us suppose we 
feed only half as much now as we should feed 
without ranges, does any one doubt that if our 
stock was kept up all the year round, and their food 
doubled, they would give us double the meat; or, 
in other words, that with the same food half the 
number of stock would give us just as much meat 
as we get now ? Our range system deprives us of 
all the benefit of improved breeds of all kinds. 
