PEACH AND NECTARINE TREES ON PLUM STOCK, ETC. 
91 
and pead the earth down tight; it will be a rare 
thing if they fail to grow. Though, whether from 
failuip to grow, or from being killed by frost, or 
somethin"; else, I observed in all these hedges, the 
same unsightly gaps that mark nearly all the live 
fence^ in the United States. These frequent gaps 
in the hedge are filled up with one, two, three, or 
perhaps a dozen pannels of rail fence, and in the 
ioining together of the live and dead fence, holes 
are very apt to be left, through which that animal 
which strange man permits to run at large, to the 
eternal torment of himself and neighbors, will he 
very likely to insinuate his porkship about “ roast¬ 
ing ear time.” 
“ But why don’t they fill up these gaps with new 
sets, if it is so easily done ?” 
Exactly the question that I will answer after the 
most approved Yankee fashion, by asking why we 
are not civilized. Christianized, rationalized enough 
to enact laws, or rather to repeal all laws, all over 
the Union, that compel one man to fence against 
every other man’s cattle, some of which nothing but 
a Cherokee rose hedge would stop, and even that 
must be free from gates, bars, or gaps ? And again, 
“ if this hedge can be kept from spreading so as not 
to occupy four acres of land in every mile of length, 
and it makes such a beautiful as well as efficient 
fence, why is it not more extensively used ? 
Exactly the other question that I will answer 
after the same approved fashion, by inquiring why 
you—“ what me ?”—Oh, yes—you are the very man 
I mean—I want to inquire if you love peaches, 
apples, grapes, and other fruit ? “ Why, certainly.” 
Well, the hedge is not planted just for the same 
reason that you have never planted fruit trees and 
vines. 
“ And how far north will this rose flourish ?” 
I cannot say; but I believe that it would be danger¬ 
ous to rely upon it north of latitude 33°. Major 
Green, of Madison County, latitude 32£°, told me 
that he had 60 or 70 yards of Cherokee rose hedge 
growing very thriftily around his yard, in the win¬ 
ter of 1831-2, and nearly the whole of it froze to 
death. In the spring he cut it all off', and but here 
and there a sprout came up. His house stands on a 
high piece of ground—the soil, reddish yellow clay 
—timber, mostly black oak, rather scrubby. Whe¬ 
ther this has any influence, or whether this plant 
will answer for fences further north, I cannot say ; 
hut I do say to those living further south, it is well 
worth your attention, and you ought to try it 
forthwith. And as your paper, Mr. Editor, circu¬ 
lates so extensively at the South, if some of your 
southern correspondents would give you an article 
every month upon this subject, it would not be too 
much of a good thing. It is also worth the trial 
whether the “ Michigan Rose” will answer a good 
purpose at the North for hedging. 
Here, upon the prairies of the North West, where 
it w supposed there is no timber, fencing material is 
altogether too plenty and cheap to think of using 
hedges yet awhile. But as we contrive to burn up 
what rails we have once a year, we shall soon 
come to the necessity perhaps. Solon Robinson. 
We regret to say that Mr. R. continues so ill that 
he will be obliged to give up his tour South this 
ueason, but we hope to see him there next winter 
PEACH AND NECTARINE TREES ON 
PLUM STOCK. 
In England and some other parts of Europe, where 
the atmosphere is surcharged with moisture, and 
the power of the sun’s rays is so feeble that it cau¬ 
ses but a moderate development of growth, and but 
an imperfect maturity of the wood on trees of great 
vigor, it has been found advantageous to curtail or 
diminish the expansion of the peach, nectarine, and 
apricot, by engrafting them on the plum, which is 
a tree of less sap and of much slower growth. The 
result of this practice is, that as the plum furnishes 
so much less sap to support the development of wood, 
the growth is retarded, and the expansion of the tree 
greatly diminished. This practice has also been 
applied to the pear by engrafting on the quince, the 
hawthorn, and the mountain-ash ; and to the apple 
by engrafting on the paradise dwarf stock, and on 
other species similar in character. The effect of 
this cause is precisely like unto limiting the deve¬ 
lopment of an animal of gigantic race by an allow¬ 
ance of only that quantum of blood which nature 
allows to a dwarf or diminutive one ; and the final 
result is as might be expected, not only the curtail¬ 
ment of dimensions, but the shortening of the natu¬ 
ral period of existence. All the trees, therefore, to 
which this dwarfing process is applied produce their 
fruit the sooner, as they sooner attain an unnatural 
maturity. They are also much smaller and shorter 
lived than such as are propagated in the natural 
way, and engrafted on stocks of a similar and con¬ 
genial character. Wm. R. Prince. 
Prince's Lin. Gard. and Nurseries , Flushing. 
Stump Machine. —This machine consists of a 
circular square or oblong cap, supported by three 
legs, and has a hole through its centre perpendicu¬ 
larly, sufficiently large to admit a screw of suitable 
size. The length of the screw depends upon the 
distance the weight is to be raised, or the object to 
which the machine is applied. The nut rests upon 
the top of the cap, where iron or steel washers 
should be placed, to prevent too much friction. 
The nut is turned by a lever being attached to it* 
the length of which will depend upon the purpose 
to which the machine is applied. A horse will 
raise forty tons when attached to a lever twelve 
feet long, and lead himself around the machine by 
a pole from the sweep near the nut, reaching just 
forward of the horse, and the machine can be moved 
from place to place by one or two men. The con¬ 
venience of the improvement consists in the appli¬ 
cation of the lever and screw in the manner, and to 
the purposes mentioned. 
Analysis of Marl on the Hudson. —We have 
often spoken of the immense beds of marl lying on 
the Hudson river above the Highlands. The follow¬ 
ing is an analysis of a specimen made by Mr. Jas. 
J. Mapes, for Frederick F Betts, Esq., of Newburgh 
Carbonate of lime,.63.34 
Woody fibre, moss, and decomposed veg. matter, 7.92 
Sand and earthy matter highly colored with IjQgg 
iron and magnesia,.J 
Iron, alumina, &c.,. 5. 
Water, . 5.42 
Loss,. 1.66 
Pavfc | QQ. 
