FLIGHT IN PEAR TREES. 
121 
below, with rungs inserted for ladders, to ascend 
and descend at pleasure. 
i i i, Narrow scuttle doors, through which the 
loam is passed down into the stable below, to cover 
the hardpan, over which the boards and plank are 
laid, as described in b, of the basement. 
Description of Basement .— a. Open shed, facing 
east, 12 feet by 60. 
b, Stable, with windows the whole length, hung 
with strong strap hinges to open and shut at plea¬ 
sure ; also a window at the south end. The object 
of so much window is, to throw out the manure, 
and to ventilate the stable, which is 12 feet by 60. 
The ground under the stable is a hardpan, over 
which is placed every summer a layer of loam 6 or 
8 inches thick, and carefully levelled. On this, 
boards are laid lengthwise, some inches apart, and 
on these boards plank are laid cross-wise. Through 
the interstices of these the liquid manure runs 
down, and mixes with the loam, which is thrown 
out in the spring, and mixed with the manure under 
the shed, and fresh loam put in place of it, and the 
boards and plank replaced. This takes but a short 
time to do. 
c, Manger, 3 feet wide, made with plank formed 
into timbers and pinned; not a nail about it, and 
perfectly tight. Stalls are divided off for two cows 
or oxen each, to be tied with ropes fastened at each 
outer corner. 
d, Open space, 5 feet by 60 feet. 
e, Cellar, 8 feet by 16, filled with roots in the 
fall, and supplied from the pits during winter as 
they are wanted. 
f , Bay, 8 feet by 34, running up to the roof, 27 
feet to the eaves. 
g g g, A bank of loam the whole length of 
stable, except against the doors, which are guarded 
by a narrow plank fixture to keep the loam in its 
place, which is mixed in small quantities with the 
manure every morning as the stables are cleared. 
h h , Stable doors. 
i i i, Seven stone pillars 10 feet long, standing on 
flat stones 2 feet under ground, bolted to the sills of 
the upper story with iron bolts, made of 15 inch 
round rods. 
The barn stands upon a strong foundation of 
stone on the west side; both ends are laid in lime 
mortar, and well pointed with the same material. 
The top stones of this foundation are from 10 
to 14 feet long, by about a foot square. At the 
south end, the walls jut out on each side of the 
barn doors, and the space is filled up with earth be¬ 
tween, to make a gradual descent, and the egress 
easy for an empty cart or wagon to pass out into 
the adjoining meadow. The outside covering is of 
clear pine boards, well seasoned, planed, tongued, 
and grooved together, running up and down, paint¬ 
ed, and the roof well shingled, and every part of the 
work done in the most substantial manner. 
Cost. —The stone and timber being on Mr. K.’s own 
land, the whole cost of this barn did not exceed $600, 
the work of the owner reckoned at the usual rates 
he paid to other mechanics. The presumption, how¬ 
ever, in my own mind is, that if he did not do the 
work of three men himself, he did and saved what 
was equivalent to it by personally superintending 
every stroke; by being up at the early dawn of 
day with teams all fed, yoked, and harnessed, and 
every man placed at his proper post the moment he 
came upon the ground. I make these observations 
that no one may be disappointed who shall under¬ 
take to build a similar barn, hire his builders, stone¬ 
cutters, masons, and carpenters, find them plenty of 
alcohol, while he sits at the neighboring tavern 
taking into his own stomach copious draughts of 
the good creature, talking politics, &c., &e., and 
finds on footing up all his bills that they amount to 
$1,200. Here is a building which, if kept pro¬ 
perly covered and painted, will last a century or 
upwards. 
The yard adjoining on the east, has a fountain 
of running water brought into it by pipes. A high 
wall supports the bank on the north side next to 
the road, which breaks off all northerly winds, and 
it is intended to be surrounded with sheds on all 
sides. A Traveller. 
BLIGHT IN PEAR TREES. 
I have been an attentive reader of your paper for 
three years, and have received much valuable in¬ 
formation from it. You have only heard from me 
as I have forwarded my yearly subscription. At 
this time I thought I would offer some remarks on 
the blight in the pear tree, and under-draining of 
land, from personal observation. 
In vol. 3, page 321, your correspondent has ex¬ 
pressed his opinion that the blight is a disease of 
the bark, and not of the wood in the pear tree, and 
that the remedy is found in cutting off the bark, 
and washing with strong ley from wood ashes. I 
am convinced that his theory is correct, for the fol¬ 
lowing reasons: 
About twenty years since, I came to this place 
and located myself as a farmer. At the time, there 
was a nursery of young pear trees in the neighbor¬ 
hood, which was soon divided among the lovers of 
good fruit: these trees have mostly been destroyed 
by the blight. Some were planted on a farm which 
I have since purchased. When I came into {he oc¬ 
cupancy of it, there was one so large that I did not 
think best to remove it for fear of destroying the 
tree; the other was removed and planted in a very 
different soil. The tree that remained soon showed 
signs of blight. I went and cut off the limbs which 
were affected. The next season, directly after it 
had put fqrth its foliage, the disease made its ap¬ 
pearance again. I now resolved to cut the diseased 
part of the tree away at all events. I commenced 
with cutting as I supposed low enough; but cutting 
the same limb several times, l found the bark de¬ 
fective in most instances. The bark on the flourish¬ 
ing limbs was apparently healthy; but,on examin¬ 
ing the bark on the body of the tree, I found it en¬ 
tirely dead; there was not a green spot in going 
round the tree, for I took the entire bark off about 
six inches in width, and yet that tree produced a 
good harvest of fruit; one of the pears weighed 20 
oz. The tree never leafed again, but sprouted from 
the root. 
Now the examination of the above case was 
satisfactory evidence to me that the diseased part of 
the tree was the bark, and not the wood; but for the 
remedy I am indebted to your correspondent above 
alluded to. Although I have not been troubled 
with the disease since—perhaps from the fact that 1 
have neeasionailv washed mv trees with the remedy 
