178 
TREATMENT OF ORCnARDS.-ANALYSES OF SWAMP MUCK, ETC. 
Various expedients were resorted to without suc¬ 
cess, until I had seen a wen cured on the human 
head by washing it repeatedly in brine. The pro¬ 
cess of washing, however, seemed too tedious; 
and so I concluded to mix salt and tar, and apply 
to it. It soon began to diminish, and after two or 
three applications it had nearly disappeared, when 
the ox was accidentally killed. The tumor vras now 
a very small hard bunch, not larger than the end 
of your finger. Since that I had a young steer dis¬ 
figured by warts, mostly about his nose and face, 
though he had not a few all about his body. I 
applied salt and tar to these. The first application 
healed, and the second completely cured them. 
Query—What might be its effect in the disease 
called the “ wolf ?” As this disease is said to proceed 
from an ulcerated tooth, I should try to penetrate 
from the outside to the seat of the disease, and then 
apply salt and tar externally. By so doing I should 
expect to save the tooth, and still effect a cure. 
J. H. Jenne. 
Peru, Me., April, 1846. 
TREATMENT OF ORCHARDS. 
You requested that I should give my mode of 
treatment to my Orchards for a few years past. 
My practice is, every spring, to have the young 
shoots, decayed limbs, and such branches as inter¬ 
fere with each other, carefully removed ; the rough 
bark and all the moss scraped off, and the main 
body of the tree rubbed with liquid soap. Once in 
five years I have manured heavily with coarse 
manure from the barn yard and dung heap, planted 
with potatoes, plowed deep and cultivated well, 
spading up round the trees where I could not plow. 
The next spring I plow again, sow with oats and 
seed down to clover. It is my purpose hereafter 
to feed off the oats and not let them ripen. A 
grain crop in an old orchard is of little value, and 
is a decided injury to the trees as well as to the 
fruit. I used to mow my orchard. This too I 
think is wrong. I now pasture with sheep and 
hogs. I put rings in the noses of my hogs to pre¬ 
vent their injuring the clover when young and ten¬ 
der ; but when the clover becomes well set with 
good roots, I put the snouts of the hogs in good 
condition by pulling out their rings, and they root 
the ground completely over, especially about the 
roots of the trees. This I think is of great benefit. 
It keeps the ground loose and open. The hogs eat 
all the worms and unripe fruit; they destroy all 
insects with which they come in contact; and, 
should any be so lucky as to escape, the frost of 
winter will be sure to kill them. I ought to have 
said that I never allow an insect to build a nest 
upon a tree during the summer or spring. My fruit 
has improved very much since I have adopted this 
mode of treatment, especially my Newtown pip¬ 
pin ; and this I can attribute to nothing else but to 
my mode of cultivation. I have an idea that guano 
is a good manure for fruit trees. I applied some 
last season to peach trees that were on the decay, 
and pretty much destroyed by the worm. I applied 
it about the first of June. I had the earth removed 
from the roots, and what worms could be found 
were destroyed. I then sprinkled a handful of 
guano about the roots and wet it well by sprinkling 
wmter over it. I then covered the guano with 
about a peck of pulverized charcoal to each tree, 
which I also wet thoroughly. The trees immedi¬ 
ately changed their color, grew astonishingly, and 
ripened their fruit in great perfection. 
Wm. Wickham Mills. 
Smithtown , L. 1 ., 23 March , 1846. 
ANALYSES OF SWAMP MUCK. 
Mr. T. N. Hollister, of Metuchin, N. J., has 
furnished us-with the following analyses made by 
Dr. Chilton of this city. The Led is situated on a 
low level surface, with only a gradual slope from 
the surrounding lands, the soil of which is com¬ 
posed of a rich sandy loam. The subsoil upon 
which the muck appears to have been formed con¬ 
sists of clay, the muck varying in depth from one 
to twelve feet. The upper stratum, as per sample 
No. 1, is from one to six feet deep. The under 
stratum, as per sample No. 2, was produced where 
No. 1 was five feet deep, at a point twelve feet 
below the surface. The land where it is found is 
covered with maple, ash, and elm, which grow very 
rapidly; a small portion having been cleared of 
wood has become firm and dry, and is at present in 
fine sod, and contains an early growth of grass. 
The valuable properties of this muck have been 
tested by Mr. Hollister, who, by the way of experi¬ 
ment, spread it broadcast upon a part of his lawn, 
the present verdant appearance of which strongly 
contrasts with the part where no muck was applied, 
far exceeding in beauty a fine piece of grass land 
well manured early this spring. The bed of muck 
comprises about thirty acres. 
ANALYSIS OF NO. 1. 
Vegetable matter, about thirty per cent, of which 
is’in the state of what is called soluble 
Geine or Humus,.49.21 
Silica,.14.00 
Alumina,.17.04 
Magnesia and Lime,.1.41 
Oxide of Iron,.3.24 
Traces of Potash, Sulph. Acid, and Phosphoric 
Acid,.2.10 
Water and loss, - 13.00 
100.00 
ANALYSIS OF NO. 2. 
Vegetable matter as in No. 1, - - - 18.46 
Silica,.47.00 
Alumina,.17.80 
Oxide of Iron,.3.10 
Lime and Magnesia,.0.43 
Traces of Sulph. Acid, Potash, and Phosphoric 
Acid,.0.81 
Water and loss, - - - 12.40 
100.00 
Destruction of Sheep by Dogs. —A corres¬ 
pondent writes us from Lebanon, Ohio, that up¬ 
wards of $600 worth of sheep were destroyed 
within a few weeks in that township alone; and 
the loss in the county for one year was not less 
than $2,250 ! Notwithstanding this, and losses 
equally great in other parts of the State, the Legis¬ 
lature of Ohio, at its last session, refused to pass a 
