284 
PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. 
Pedigrees of two cows bought of Messrs. Bell, 
Kirkleavington, near Yarm, Yorkshire, England, by- 
George Yail, Esq., Troy, United States of America. 
Mr. Thos. Bell’s cow Hilpa, roan color; calved 
May 23d, 1840. Got by Cleaveland Lad (3407), 
dam (Hawk-eye), by Red Rose bull (2493) ; grand 
dam (Hart), by Rex (1375) ; great grand dam bred 
by Mr. Richardson, of Hart, Durham County, who 
had the breed above thirty years, and were all roan 
colors, and good milkers. 
Mr. Robert Bell, Junr., cow Cecilia. Red and 
white color; calved October 6th, 1841. Got by 
3d Duke of Northumberland (3647), dam by 
Short-Tail (2621); grand dam (Chapman), by Skip- 
ton Bridge (5208), and from a tribe of cows, all 
good milkers, and long in possession of the breed¬ 
er thereof. I can certify that the above are correct 
pedigrees, the Messrs. Bell having had their stock 
from me. 
The son of Hilpa, named General Sale, by Duke 
of Northumberland (1940), when a calf in 1844, 
obtained the highest premium given by the York¬ 
shire County Agricultural Society, at their Show, 
held at Richmond; and also the same autumn ob¬ 
tained the highest premium at the Durham County 
Ag. Society Show, held at Stockton; and the fol¬ 
lowing day also obtained the highest premium 
given by the Cleaveland Ag. Society. I certify to 
the correctness of the above facts. 
Signed, Thomas Bates. 
Kirkleavington, March 1 6th, 1846. 
(a) We noticed this superb cow, on page 261 of 
our last number; but the owner’s name, and some 
other particulars, were, in our absence from town, 
unfortunately left out in making up the form. We 
need only say, that Hilpa is all, and more than her 
owner represents, he having been quite diffident in 
his description above, in giving all her good points. 
It is gratifying to add, that Mr. Yail has been emi¬ 
nently successful as a breeder, and is annually 
making considerable sales of stock. We presume 
that several of his animals will appear at the forth¬ 
coming Show of the State Ag. Society, on the 15th, 
16th, and 17th of this month, at Auburn. 
PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. 
I cannot at all agree with your “ Reviewer,” as 
to the practicability and future prospects of Agri¬ 
cultural schools, in private hands. At a single 
dash of the pen, he seals their fate so positively, 
as seems to indicate a desire on his part, to prevent 
any further development of that patriotism he so 
highly commends. 
We have a class of people in this country, who 
seem to be always looking to government for the 
supply of every want of a general character, that 
is, in which any considerable portion of the com¬ 
munity are interested. Sound views on this sub¬ 
ject would lead us to see, that the true aim and end 
of government is to accomplish only such things 
for the governed, as cannot be reached by indi¬ 
vidual action. Whenever a state dips into matters 
beyond its proper sphere, and takes in hand bank¬ 
ing, colleges, internal improvements, and the like, 
there will always gather around a horde of office- 
seekers and political speculators—to the detriment 
and mismanagement of the whole affair. Where 
salaries and appointments are, there will these 
characters insinuate themselves, in spite of ell the 
guards and checks that can be thrown up 'o pre¬ 
vent it The less officers, money, and macliinery, 
there are used in the administration of a government, 
the better. Every consignment of the objects 
mentioned above, to the state, violates this plain 
political maxim, and should therefore be discou¬ 
raged by all good citizens. 
Probably, more than three-fourths of all semi¬ 
naries of learning in the world, have been sustain¬ 
ed by individuals, in a private associated capacity. 
This being the fact, in regard to legal, medical, and 
theological science, why may we not infer that it 
is just as feasible in regard to agricultural know¬ 
ledge ? If the State can justly be called upon to 
take the latter in hand, why may not mechanics 
also claim their “ State Institution ?” 
In the very nature of things, we might reasonably 
expect that private enterprises would be the more 
likely to succeed. Acting from motives of devo¬ 
tion and attachment to the spread of knowledge, or 
with a view to pecuniary profit; in either case, 
they have every inducement to adopt the best 
modes of conducting an institution, in order to se¬ 
cure their end. Give us teachers and managers 
whose “ hearts are in the matter,” rather than any 
salaried governmental professor. 
The advancement of human knowledge, and 
especially agricultural knowledge, is an object 
well worthy the best efforts of any man. But 
those who look to the State to do this for them, 
will often be most sadly disappointed in their 
wishes for the “ diffusion of knowledge among 
men,” as the late Mr. Smithson styles it, in his 
most unadvised bequest of half a million to our 
government. Who does not believe, that if the 
matter had been left in the hands of private trus¬ 
tees, the fund would long ago have been ap¬ 
plied to its proper object, and hundreds already 
been benefited by it, and fitted to be useful to their 
country, and the world ? How would the donor 
decide this question, could he rise from his resting- 
place, and see the manner in which his trust has 
been neglected, not to say abused; for I verily be¬ 
lieve, a large majority of our public men would be 
glad to have this business off their hands, not 
knowing exactly what to do with it, and feeling 
they have a service laid upon them, not belonging 
to thsir stations. 
The other branches of human learning being 
already comparatively well provided for in this 
country, it certainly is desirable that this fund 
should be devoted to the spread of agricultural 
knowledge, and we are not without hopes that this 
direction may finally be given it. Let us have no 
“ national school.” Let our only experiment—- 
West Point—settle this question. But let us have 
an annual appropriation for the collecting of ma¬ 
terials, and sending forth substantial public docu¬ 
ments, containing real information to the agricul¬ 
tural community, in regard to their business. 
Witness the regular, systematic manner, in which 
the British Legislature so zealously collect infor¬ 
mation in regard to the various useful arts of life. 
Let us follow their example. The periodicals of 
our day are fast creating a taste for this kind of 
