186 
SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER.—NORTHERN CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER. 
ground on the 19th, that they may be deposited in their 
appropriate places, and the rooms suitably arranged 
on the day previous to the fair. 
Applicants for premiums are requested to pay par¬ 
ticular attention to the notes attached to the premiums 
on dairy cows, fat cattle and fat sheep, butter and 
cheese, field crops, maple sugar, &c. 
The statements required from those who compete for 
field crops, must be sent to Luther Tucker, recording 
secretary, Albany, previous to the 1st of January, 1844, 
and the premiums will be awarded at the annual meet¬ 
ing of the society, on the third Wednesday of January. 
Competitors for the premiums on essays must for¬ 
ward their manuscripts to the recording secretary, 
Albany, previous to the 1st of January, 1844, free of 
postage. 
No premium will be awarded, unless, in the opinion 
of the judges of the class in which it is offered, the 
animal or article is worthy of such premium. 
Prize animals and implements at the previous exhi¬ 
bitions, will be allowed to compete for the prizes; but 
they must receive a higher prize, or in a different class, 
to entitle them to a premium. Should the same pre¬ 
mium heretofore given them be awarded, they will re¬ 
ceive a certificate to that effect, instead of the prize. 
All premiums will be paid in cash or plate, at the 
option of the winners. 
For the American Agriculturist. 
SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER. 
For the ensuing three months, the work is pretty 
much, the same, gathering cotton, sunning, ginning, 
pressing, hauling off, and commencing again the same 
tale. Not having given any directions about this, in 
the preceding month, I will now give a few general 
rules, hoping many may profit by them, having myself 
experienced a want of this kind of instruction. “ Bought 
wit” is said to be the best, if it does not cost too much; 
but if those advocates for this kind of learning could 
remember how they were worried when commencing 
life, they would certainly feel as I do, sincerely de¬ 
sirous to assist their junior brothers. 
As cotton planters, our object is to make the most 
clear gain per hand, and of course, whatever mode will 
tend tp this is the one to be pursued. I therefore ad¬ 
vise that cotton be gathered from the field free from 
trash, put it on scaffolds, and dry until each seed will 
crack between the teeth, not mash, then if the seed be 
not wanted for planting, throw the cotton up into a 
pile in the gin-house, until it acquires a sensible heat, 
then scatter it, and when cool, gin it. Do not run 
your gin too fast, too much rapidity is not good; two 
bales a day on a fifty-saw gin is enough; drive team 
slowly and steadily. Press your bale small, and cover 
well; leave not a particle of cotton in sight, and mark 
neatly. Appearance is something. 
I prefer to gather corn, if not gathered already, in 
wet weather, or to continue at improvements, than to 
gathering cotton wet. For it is not only troublesome 
to dry, but the leaf and dirt adhering to the cotton 
stain it, and frequently, if warm wet weather, the seed 
will sprout on the scaffold. Employ these days in 
housing corn, gathering peas, hauling in pumpkins, 
fodder, and other farm work. 
In this mpnth sow rye over corn field or cotton field, 
or in wood pasture, at the rate of 1 bushel per acre ; it 
will come up and do well without any plowing. I can 
now show a promising crop (April) treated in this 
way; it affords excellent grazing through the winter, 
and until wanted for spring crops. Sow Egyptian oats 
not less than 11 bushels per acre; I have sown 2| to 
the acre, which I think still better. For a crop of rye 
sow 1| bushels, wheat 2 bushels ; it must all of it be 
grazed down, to prevent jointing before spring, which 
I presume no farmer will object to. 
Should your forage crop not be large enough, have 
recourse to your pea fields. Cut off the vines even 
with the ground, or pull them up, and haul home the. 
same day. Put them into a rail-pen, by having a floor 
of rails 1 foot above the earth; then put in a layer of 
vines, sprinkle salt on them, then a layer of straw, and 
again a layer of vines. Make all this about 3 feet 
thick, without tramping; then another floor of rails, 
and continue as above, sprinkling each layer of vines 
with salt. The vines thus put up, though they may 
mildew a little, will be eaten greedily by horses, mules, 
or cattle, and they can be kept fat on them. Do not 
be too greedy in saving cotton, to the want of duly pro¬ 
viding peas and provender in great abundance. 
When you possibly can, start a few plows on stiff 
land ; if land be sandy, time enough several months 
hence. 
Your potatoes will do best to remain in the ground 
until the vines be killed by the frost; I never think of 
digging until that time. I then prefer dry, pleasant 
weather, and continue digging until finished ; then sort 
in the field. The cut potatoes to be eaten early, or 
fed to stock; small ones to go into the slip banks, and 
the large reserved for the table. I then haul them to 
a place prepared for banks, and put up as recommend¬ 
ed in an article, page 23 of your April No. I 
will now close the crop year, by pressing on you to 
provide abundant food for your hands, your horses, your 
cattle, your hogs, your land, “ the stranger within thy 
gates,” or “ the wayfaring man ;” preferring to make 
5 bales of cotton to net the same amount, by being 
choice, than the character of being a big planter. 
Bely on it, the difference in your household will soon 
convince you of the delights of this at least. By doing 
this, your friends will love you the more, your neigh 
bors will see an example that they will imitate. 
M. W. Philips. 
For the American Agriculturist. 
NORTHERN CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER. 
Kitchen Garden. —Select a dry, warm, protected 
place, and plant the lettuces sown last month for spring 
use. If the weather prove dry, let them be well 
watered. Early in this month, the Spanish kinds of 
radish can be sown, and on the approach of frost, taken 
up and preserved for winter use in the same way as 
turneps or beets. Hoe and thin out the crop of tur- 
neps during this month. About the middle of the 
month, sow cabbage seed to remain in the seed bed all 
winter, and be ready for transplanting in the spring. 
Sow cauliflower and broccoli also to furnish plants for 
the spring. Gather each kind of seed as it ripens, and 
dry it well before putting it up. 
Fruit Garden and Orchard. —Budding and in¬ 
oculating peaches can be continued, and also the other 
fruits as long as the bark will peel. Trees and shrubs 
may be propagated by cuttings and layers. When it is 
necessary, trim pines, firs, walnut trees, and maples, as 
the sap will not so much exude as in the spring. Plant 
beds of strawberries. 
Flower Garden and Pleasure Grounds. —The 
directions for last month will also apply to this. Pre¬ 
pare beds for planting tulips, hyacinths, anemones, 
ranunculuses, and other flower roots and shrubs that 
are to be planted next month. 
S. B. Parsons. 
