196 
NEWSTEAD ABBEY.—FARM OF G. O. HOWLAND, ESQ. 
to $100 an acre, and frequently a good deal more 
than even this highest sum mentioned. We hope 
to be able to give full particulars of these garden 
crops soon ; their value, rotation, method of culti¬ 
vation, manures, &c. Those of the Messrs. Bergen 
are the most extensive we visited. They have a 
green-house, extensive ranges of hot-beds for for¬ 
cing, and crops of all kinds of vegetables that 
will grow in a northern garden; a nursery also 
and flower garden. The collection of dahlias in 
this last is one of the richest and most varied which 
we have seen. 
NEWSTEAD ABBEY,— (Fig. 47.) 
Seat of the Late^Lord Byron. 
In our May number we gave the terrace view 7 
of this noble mansion; we now present our readers 
a second illustration taken on the side fronting the 
lake. Its present owner, Col. Wild man, spent 
nearly half a million of dollars in restoring it, 
building commodious farm-houses for his tenants, 
and improving the estate. Byron characterized 
it as 
u A rich and rare mixed Gothic.” 
Newstead Abbey is considered one of the noblest 
specimens of this style of architecture in England, 
and might be copied from with effect in building 
up squares in a city, but is of too vast an extent 
for the more moderate fortunes of those in the 
country, and happily for us it is so. 
FARM OF G. G. HOWLAND, Esq. 
This admirable farm is situated about one mile 
from Flushing, Long Island, and contains about 
800 acres. Exclusive of the salt meadows, the 
toil originally abounded with rock, and was quite 
ordinary, scarcely producing a ton of hay to the 
acre ; but by a judicious rotation of crops, and a 
skilful application of manures, in the space of a 
few years the products have been increased at 
least three-fold. The main crop is hay ; the rota¬ 
tion is consequently adopted to the greatest pro¬ 
duction of this article, and is thus : First year, the 
soil is broken up, the land well manured, and 
planted with corn. Second year, it receives an¬ 
other coating of manure, and is put into potatoes. 
These are dug in September sufficiently early to 
sow wheat. Timothy is put in at the same time, 
and clover seed is added early in the spring. The 
wheat crop- is harvested the third year, and the 
land then remains in grass about five years or 
more if it holds well, the meadows generally re¬ 
ceiving a top dressing of compost every season. 
We visited this farm early in July; the rows 
of com and potatoes were as straight as one 
could draw a line, the growth forward for the 
season, heavy,and even—almost every hill exactly 
alike. The wheat and other grain looked well; 
but the grass, when we consider the number of 
acres it occupied, was one of the most astonishing 
products we ever saw. It was nearly ready for 
cutting, and the timothy and clover were as thick 
seemingly as they could possibly grow, the former 
