262 
THE WILD GOAT.—ORANGE COUNTY BUTTER-MAKING. 
timents of the distinguished speaker by repeated 
cheers. The President represents the Institute as 
in a continued prosperous state, and showed con¬ 
clusively the beneficial effect of its working on the 
Agriculture and Arts of the country, and the neces¬ 
sity for the sake of our independence, comfort, and 
happiness, of increasing and sustaining the great 
interests of the nation. 
The officers of the American Institute have been 
indefatigable in their exertions throughout the 
Show, to make everything as agreeable and con¬ 
venient to the exhibitors and spectators as possi¬ 
ble, and they certainly deserve the thanks of the 
community for their untiring attention. We shall 
give a list of the premiums in our next. They 
could not be correctly prepared in time for this 
No., and we are anxious to have them as com¬ 
plete as possible when published. 
THE WILD GOAT.— (Fig 
The Ibex or Wild Goat is a native of 
Asia, and inhabits among the rocky pre¬ 
cipices of the highest mountains by day, 
and descends to the woods and valleys 
to feed at night. It is very timid and 
shy, and congregates in small flocks. 
The horns of the Ibex are said to be fre¬ 
quently three feet in length. There are 
two kinds of hair upon it; the outer, long 
and coarse; the inner, shorter and fine 
almost as silk. Both qualities are man¬ 
ufactured into different kinds of cloths. 
The flesh of this goat is delicate, and on 
this account and its shyness, it is follow¬ 
ed by the hunters with great pertinacity. 
Its habits seem to be much the same of 
the Rocky Mountain sheep or goat of 
our own country. We have never heard 
of their being domesticated. It would 
be curious to trace the analogy between 
the Wild Goat and tame, and the 
55.) 
caus¬ 
es of their different modifications of appearance, 
supposing them descended originally from the 
same stock. 
ORANGE COUNTY BUTTER-MAKING. 
Goshen butter, made in Orange county, this 
state, is celebrated the world over as being equal, 
if not superior, to any other produced in the United 
States. It undoubtedly owes its reputation in a 
measure to the careful manner in which it is made; 
the food of the cows, however, from which the 
milk is concocted, has something to do with it, as 
the pastures in the best districts of Orange county 
abound with sweet grass and white clover, which 
unquestionably are great requisites to ensure sweet 
butter. We took the opportunity during two re¬ 
cent trips to this county, to visit several of its dair¬ 
ies, and make ourselves as well acquainted with 
the process of butter-making here as our time would 
allow. Those the most complete which passed 
under our inspection, we found upon the farms of 
Frederick J. Betts, Esq., of Newburgh and General 
Wickham of Goshen. As we took full notes of 
the latter establishment, our description will apply 
more particularly to this. 
The cows are regularly salted and kept in good 
pasture during summer; in the winter, each one 
by itself in a stall, with a separate door to it, in a 
building forming two sides of a square, round a 
large commodious yard. The lower story of the 
barn is appropriated for the stables, the upper part 
for hay and fodder. General Wickham has sever¬ 
al dairy establishments; the most perfect is that 
within two miles of Goshen, numbering 40 cows. 
These are brought up to the yard night and morn¬ 
ing, and regularly milked. The outer paling of 
the yard is distant only about 50 feet from the 
farm-house. Here, right opposite the farm-house, 
is placed a tunnel, into which the milk is poured 
as fast as a pailful is obtained from the cows. A 
short perpendicular tin pipe connects the tunnel 
with a horizontal one, which is buried two feet 
under the ground out of the way of the frost, and 
