48 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
[EAST. ZOOL. 
Somateria, 148. 
Camptolaimus, 
149. 
Branta, 149. 
Fuligula, 149. 
Nvroca, 149. 
Clangula, 149. 
Harelda, 150. 
g. Biziura, 150. 
Erismatura, 150. 
A.Mergus, 151. 
Fair.. 2. Colymbidce. 
a. Colymbus, 152. 
b. Podiceps, 153. 
Podilymbus, 153. 
Fam. 3. Alcidce. 
a. Alea, 154. 
Utamania, 154. 
Fratercula, 154. 
b. Ombria, 154. 
Tvlorhamphus, 
154. 
c. Spheniseus, 154. 
Eudyptes, 154, 
Cataractes, 155. 
d. Uria, 155. 
Arctica, 155. 
Fam. 4. Laridte. 
a. Pelecanoides, 156. 
Puffinus, 156. 
Daption, 156. 
Thalassidroma, 
156. 
Procellaria, 156, 
157. 
Prion, 156. 
Diomedea, 157. 
6. Stercorarius, 158. 
Larus, 158-160. 
Xema, 160. 
Rissa, 160. 
Pagophila, 160. 
c. Rhynchops, 161. 
d. Phsetusa, 161. 
Gelochelidon, 161. 
Thalasseus, 161. 
Sylochelidon, 161. 
Gygis, 161. 
Sterna, 161. 
Sternula, 161. 
Hydrochelidon, 
161. 
Anoiis, 161. 
Fam. 5. Pelecanidcp. 
а. Plotus, 162. 
б. Phaeton, 162. 
c. Sula, 162. 
Pelecanus, 163,164. 
Phalaerocorax, 
165. 
Fregeta, 166. 
The smaller Table Cases along the sides of the room contain Col¬ 
lections of the Eggs of the different kinds of Birds, arranged in the 
same series as the birds in the upright Cases ; the Table Cases in each 
compartment of the room contain the eggs of the species in the cases 
which are near to them. 
On the top of the upright Cases are a series of the Horns of the 
different species of Ruminant Animals, shewing the variation in their 
developement according to their age and peculiar circumstances, as the 
abundance and scarcity of food, the degree of warmth under which the 
animal may have lived, and also some of the accidental malformations 
which take place in the bodies; also a series of the nose horns of the 
Rhinoceri. They are named as the specimens of the animals in the 
Mammalia Saloon. 
The larger Table Cases across the sides of the room contain the col¬ 
lection of the Shells of Molluscous Animals (in progress of arrange¬ 
ment). Shells are the hard bodies which are secretedfor their protection 
by the surface of certain softinarticulated animals, (called Mollusca;) they 
are generally large enough to cover the whole of the body, but some are so 
small as only to protect the more important organs, as the heart, lfings,&e. 
The shell is formed on the animal before it is excluded from the egg, 
and even before the unhatched animal has gained all its organs ; and a 
few kinds, as the Dor ides, Tritonice, Aplysice , &c., which are destitute of 
the shell in their adult state, at which period they are covered only with 
a cartilaginous skin, have a shell to cover their soft and just hatched 
bodies, which falls off; the animal changing in form, so that these 
may be said to undergo a species of transformation. 
The animals which form these shells constitute a particular division 
of the animal kingdom, which, from their being soft, fleshy, and destitute 
of any bony skeleton supporting jointed limbs, or of any hard ringed 
skin, have been called Mollusca. They are covered with a muscular 
coat, called the mantle , endued with a glairy humour, and are generally 
of an elongated form ; walking or rather gliding, on a single central foot 
or disk, and usually furnished with one or more pairs of organs on the 
head and sides, to assist them to move from place to place ; but their 
most distinctive character is, that their nervous system consists of a 
certain number of medullary masses, or ganglions, distributing fibres to 
different parts of the body ; one of the masses being placed over the 
gullet, and enveloping it like a collar. 
The shell is formed by the hardening of the animal matter which is 
