NATURAL HISTORY. 
163 
GALLERY.] 
such as the arsenic-pyrites or mispickel (some varieties of which, con¬ 
taining accidentally admixed silver, constitute Werner’s weiss-ertz); 
cobalt-glance, massive and crystallized in the form of the cube and its 
modifications, &c. 
In the six following Cases the oxides of the electro-positive metals 
are deposited. 
Case 13 contains the oxides and hydrous oxides of manganese , 
formerly distinguished as foliated, compact, and earthy grey manganese; 
but now, from chemical and crystallographical distinctive characters, 
divided into the species called manganite, pyrolusite, psilomelane , 
hausmannite, braunite, &c., to several of which, but particularly the 
first two, may be referred the earthy manganese or wad, some varieties 
of which have the property of inflaming spontaneously when mixed 
with linseed oil. 
Case 14. This and the two following Cases contain the oxides of 
iron. 
Specular oxide of iron or iron-glance, among the specimens of 
which may be specified those from Elba, remarkable on account of their 
beautiful iridescence and play of colours; the variety in large laminar 
crystals appearing like polished steel, from Stromboli and Vesuvius ;—- 
the micaceous iron-ore of Werner, belonging partly to this species, 
partly to hydrous oxide of iron;— red iron-ore, divided into compact 
red iron-stone and red hematite. 
Case 15. Oxydulated iron or magnetic iron-ore , massive and of 
various grain, compact, crystallized, in serpentine, chlorite-slate, &c. ; 
ore from the East Indies, which yields the wootz, or salam-steel, re¬ 
markable for its hardness; magnetic iron-sand. With the oxides of 
iron is also provisionally placed the crucite of Thomson; and the 
beudantite, which latter is composed of the oxides of iron and lead. 
Case 16. Hydrous oxide of iron or brown iron-stone, among the 
most remarkable varieties of which species are, the micaceous, called 
gothite, in delicate transparent tables of a blood red colour; that in fine 
scales coating the cells of lava; a shining brownish-black variety used 
as hair powder by the Bootchuana natives beyond the Great River in 
South Africa; the fibrous brown iron-stone or brown hematite; the 
compact and the ochrey brown iron-stone—and, as appendix to it, the 
argillaceous or clay iron-stone, with its many varieties, such as the 
columnar, the pisiform (pea-ore), the reniform, &c. 
Case 17. Oxide of copper :—red or ruby-copper compact, foliated, 
and fibrous; one of the more remarkable is the bright-red capillary 
variety from Rheinbreitenbach (in which selenium has been discovered 
by Kersten), and from the Bank mines in Siberiathe ferruginous 
red oxide of copper or tile-ore, a mixture of red copper and brown 
iron-ochre ; the black oxide or copper-black, generally mixed with the 
oxides of iron and manganese_ Oxide of lead: —the native minium 
from Hessia (first described by Mr. Smithson), from Siberia, &c., 
probably produced by the decomposition of galena.— Oxide of bismuth 
or bismuth-ochre, from Saxony and Bohemia.— Oxide of zinc or red 
zinc-ore from New Jersey ; and the franklinite, composed of the oxides 
of zinc and manganese.— Black and yellow earthy cobalt, both called 
cobalt-ochre, which seem to be hydrates of the oxides of cobalt and 
manganese, frequently mixed with oxide of iron_ Oxide of uranium, 
