54 
NATURAL HISTORY. [NEW BUILDING. 
great toes of the hinder limbs are placed on the same 
level as the other toes, and are not opposable to them. 
The family of Apes ( Simiadce , Cases 1—21) have the 
same number (thirty-two) of teeth as man, viz. two cutting 
teeth, one canine and five grinders, on each side of the 
upper and the lower jaw. The fore and hind feet are fur¬ 
nished with an opposable thumb, the septum between the 
nostrils is thin, and the rump is generally protected by 
hard naked skin ; they are usually furnished with a tail, 
and they have pouches on the sides of the mouth be¬ 
tween the cheek and the jaws, in which they place their 
food for security. They are entirely confined to the 
warmer parts of the Old World, especially Asia and 
Africa, a single species alone having been naturalized in 
Europe on the Rock of Gibraltar. 
The true Apes (Simiana, Cases 1—4) have no tail, 
and bear the nearest resemblance to the human form, 
as the Pongo or Chimpanzee ( Troglodytes ) of Tropical 
Africa; the Oran g (Simia); the Siamang (Siamanga); 
and the Long-armed Apes ( Hylohates ), of Tropical Asia 
and the Islands of the Asiatic Ocean. The Chimpanzee 
and the Orang walk on the outer edge of the foot and 
back of the fingers of the hand, and not on the sole 
as the other monkeys; they have moderately long, and 
the other genera very long arms. They grow to a very 
large size, are playful and good tempered when young, 
but as they increase in age, they become verf ferocious 
and spiteful; they grow to be four or five feet high, and 
are very strong. 
The remaining animals of this family have more or 
less elongated tails, which are entirely covered with 
hair, and are never prehensile like those of the American 
monkeys. 
The Capped Apes (Presbytina , Cases 5 —11) of 
Asia have a small head, which is in general furnished 
with a tuft of long hair. The limbs, hands and tails 
are elongated, the body is slender, and the thumbs of 
the fore hands are small and placed far back. Their 
stomach is lobulated, and the hinder grinder of the lower 
jaws is five-tubercled. The Long-Nosed Monkey (Na- 
sica ), has an elongated nose like a proboscis ; the other 
Capped Apes ( Presbytis ) have a small nose. The Douc, 
