85 
EAST. ZOOL. GAL.] NATURAL HISTORY. 
which the animal forms between this time and the next 
developement of the appendages, is of the common shape ; 
but the expansions produced for their protection are left on 
the surface of the shell, forming variously shaped bands 
across the whorls, which have been called varices , from 
some of them looking like dilated veins; these varices , 
and the spines upon them, being formed on the expanded 
appendages of the mantle, exactly correspond to them in 
form, and afford good characters for the determination of 
the groups and species. In some of these animals the 
periodical expansions of the mantle are round, forming a 
convex simple granular varix on the shell, and the inner lip 
of the shell is generally granulated; as in the genera 
JRanella, where there is half a whorl between each varix, 
and Triton , where there is a varix on each two-thirds of a 
whorl. In the Marices, on the contrary, the expansions of 
the mantle are generally produced into elongated processes, 
the varices are consequently spinose or variously branched, 
and there is only one-third (or often less) of a whorl between 
them : the inner lip of these shells is smooth. In the other 
genera of this family the animal does not, or only very 
slightly, dilate the mantle at any period of its growth, so 
that the shell has a uniform surface, or marked with only 
slightly concentric waves, which may be considered as the 
rudir&entary states of varices, or rather as similar to the 
intermediate cross ridges which are found between the 
varices in the Tritons and Murices , and which mark the 
places where the animals have rested for a short period. 
These ridges are generally fringed with an expansion 
of the periostraca , like the varices . In some of the ge¬ 
nera, as Pleurotoma , Conus , Fusus , and Pyrula , the pillar 
of the shell is smooth. In others, as Turbinellus , Fascio - 
laria , and Cancellaria , this part is plaited as in the Volutes , 
but they are known from the latter by the canal of the 
syphon being more elongated. The Cones are said to 
feed chiefly on sea-plants, and are much attacked by the 
Purpurce, &c. 
Struthiolaria and Aporrhdis have the animal of this 
family, but the syphon is bent to the right side, and the 
outer lip of the shell is only perfected once in the ani¬ 
mal's life, as in the Strombs . The outer lip of the former 
is merely thickened and bent back ; of the latter it is 
