SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR JANUARY. 
27 
ness for future use. All the products remaining on 
hand should be taken to market, if the prices are fa¬ 
vorable. Heaps of manure may be removed to the 
fields where wanted. Peat and swamp muck, if before 
thrown into heaps and drained, may be sledded home, 
or into the fields where they are to be used. If ma¬ 
nure can be had of anyone unwise enough to part 
with it, let it now be drawn home and stored, and not 
allowed to ferment unless well covered with earth and 
gypsum, to absorb the gases that would otherwise es¬ 
cape. During the winter months, all the tools should 
be put in order, and any old difficulties remedied, and 
new improvements added to them. The children should 
all be at school, and their studies well looked after. 
Their head-work in winter, is of more consequence 
than their hand-work in summer; and you can not ex¬ 
pect to make good or efficient men and women out of 
ignoramuses. Let the grown folks look well to the 
manner of spending their own long winters evenings. 
Especially, see to it, that you carefully look over your 
agricultural books and periodicals, read attentively all 
they contain relative to your own business, and note 
carefully how far your own experience corresponds 
with, or differs from the information there detailed. If 
you have any valuable facts to add to the general stock 
of knowledge, prepare and send them for publication, as 
a partial return for the advantage you have received 
from others on similar subjects. 
Improve all the clear frosty weather this month to 
break out hemp. Have a care of the tobacco, and if 
the weather be open, continue plowing. 
Kitchen Garden. —Hot beds should now be made by 
those desirous of having very early vegetables. This 
may be done with a layer of horse manure two feet deep, 
well settled together, over which place a few inches 
of garden mould, intermixed with sand, unless there is 
enough in the soil. Around this is placed a frame to 
keep the manure and soil in their place, and over it 
glass frames inclining about 25° toward the south. 
The seeds of all such vegetables as are required for 
early use, may then be sown, such as cabbages, cauli¬ 
flowers, radishes, lettuce, tomatoes, &c. The surface 
should be kept sufficiently moist, and during the middle 
of the day in very warm weather, the glass may be 
withdrawn so as to let the sun in upon the plants. As 
much air should be admitted as can safely be done 
without injury to the plant from reducing the tempera¬ 
ture too greatly, as the growing vegetables soon change 
the air and render it unfit for nutrition. A great many 
little comforts may be procured by some attention to a 
hot bed; and if you live near a market, enough may be 
sold from your early vegetables to remunerate you for 
all trouble and expense thrice over. If the ground is 
frozen, continue preparing for spring, as directed in 
December. 
Fruit Garden and Orchard. —Examine your 
orchards and cut off all dead limbs close to their trunks 
or branches ; scrape off the moss, &c. General pruning 
should be left until summer. 
Flower Garden & Pleasure Grounds. — The 
directions of December will also apply to this month. 
At your leisure hours prepare labels for flowers next 
season, and get everything in order for the work in 
the spring. 
. SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR JANUARY. 
As a great portion of the directions given in the 
Northern Calendar, for each month in the year, will 
apply to the South, it is not (teemed necessary to re¬ 
capitulate them. Most of the operations which relate 
to the tilling of the earth j file, jaising of garden vege¬ 
table or fruits ; the cultivation of flowers, herbaceous 
plants, or shrubs ; the laying out of ornamental grounds 
or plantations ; the preparation of composts or manures, 
and the rearing and management of stocks or animals, 
will be nearly the same in both sections of the country. 
The chief differences consist in the seasons in which 
these operations are performed, and the cultivation of 
cotton, rice, sugar-cane, hemp, and tobacco. The 
spring and harvest seasons of the South are generally 
in advance of those of the North by two or three months. 
Let it be remembered that the florist, the gardener, 
and the agriculturist, have no remission from labor ; for 
there is something to be done in every week in the year 
—something to attend to which will add to wealth, amuse 
and instruct the mind, interest the imagination, and 
benefit the general tone of mental and physical health. 
“ Persevere against discouragement—keep your tem¬ 
per—employ leisure in study, and always have some 
work on hand—be punctual and methodical in business, 
and never procrastinate—never be in a hurry 7 —preserve 
self-possession, and not be talked into conviction—rise 
early and be an economist of the time—maintain digni¬ 
ty without the appearance of pride—manner is some¬ 
thing with everybody, and everything with some—be 
guarded in discourse, attentive and slow to speak— 
never acquiesce in immoral or pernicious opinions—be 
not forward to assign reasons to those who have no 
right to ask—think nothing in conduct unimportant 
and indifferent—rather set than follow example—prac¬ 
tise strict temperance, and in all your transactions re¬ 
member the final account.” 
In the early part of this month, if it has not been 
done in December, select a spot of ground, prepare the 
necessary beds, and sow your tobacco seed. Make the 
beds, if possible, on land newly cleared, or at all 
events on land which has not been seeded with 
grass. Break up the ground properly, grub up the 
small stumps, dig out the roots, and carefully re¬ 
move them with the hand. Blake the beds from three 
to four inches high, of a reasonable length, and from 
three to three and a half feet broad, so as to enable the 
fingers, at arm’s length, to weed out the tender plants 
from both sides of the bed. Before the seed is sown, 
take some dry trash, and burn it off upon the beds, 
tb destroy insects and grass-seeds. Take one ounce of 
tobacco-seed, mix it with a quart of dry ashes, so as to 
separate it as much as possible, and sow it broadcast. 
After it has been thus sown, slightly rake the surface, 
tread it down with your whole weight, that the ground 
may at once closely adhere to the seed, and sprinkle 
with rain or river water. Should the beds become dry, 
from blighting winds or other causes, watering should 
be constantly repeated until the young plants are large 
enough to set out. Keep the surface of the beds in a 
moist state, well stirred, and the plants clear of weeds. 
Finish planting sugar-cane, if the season requires it, 
covering the canes to the depth of about three inches. 
Do not grind the cane any faster than it matures, for 
the sake of finishing your harvest. When the cuticle 
of the cane becomes dry, smooth, and brittle, the pith 
grayish approaching to brown, the juice sweet and 
glutinous, and when cut crosswise with a sharp knife 
without appearing soft and moist like a turnep, then it 
is in a fit state to cut. 
Plant all kinds of ever-greens, either from slip or roots. 
Sow peas and beans, summer cabbage, and parsley. 
Sow spinach for seed in a bed of rich mould. Set out 
your artichokes, which will bear in the fall. Transplant 
rose-bushes, all kinds of flowering shrubs, and trees 
for fruit, and ornament, except the orange tribe, which 
should not be removed before spring. 
See Northern Calendar for Biarch and April. 
