146 
NEW YORK STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
this subject, without making a distinction of the earthy 
elements on which the crops were to be grown. 
3. If Ayrshire cattle are deserving a classification, 
should not the premiums on them be as numerous as on 
Durhams, Herefords, &c. ? It strikes us that the cross¬ 
es of any Improved Breed should be classed with Na¬ 
tive Cattle; for, frequently, it is impossible for the 
owners of these animals to tell which is which, and 
how they are bred. In fact we can not see the pro¬ 
priety of talking about a native or indigenous breed— 
we have none such—all have been recently or remotely 
imported, and the moment we depart from thorough¬ 
breds, what remain are 'positive grades, and it seems a 
waste of words to attempt to make any other distinc¬ 
tion. 
4. In addition to showing a handsome form and fine 
action, all horses ought to be tried for a single mile at 
least, (four would be still better,) under the saddle or 
in harness; and again, what weight they can draw. 
Where the merits of the animals were equal, those 
showing the best pedigree, or in other words, the most 
blood, should take the premium. 
5. Swine ought to be divided into two breeds, large 
and small. 
6. Premiums might very properly be given for the best 
Apple, Pear, Peach, and Maple-Sugar Orchards of 5 
acres each or more; the best 10 acres of the more 
valuable kinds of timber, such as the Oak, Pine, Ce¬ 
dar, &c.; the best Mulberry Plantation of 5 acres; 
the best Garden; the best 5 acres of grass and hay 
each, of Timothy, Red-top, and Clover; the best acre 
of any new grain, root, or grass, &c., of particular 
value; Poultry of all kinds; Rabbits; Shepherd and 
Cattle-Dogs; Jacks, Jennies, and Mules; and any 
new valuable animal like the Alpacas for example. 
There are many other things for which premiums may 
very properly be given, when the funds of the society 
shall have been sufficiently increased; but the above 
strike us as the most important, and we close our re¬ 
marks by referring to what we said on this subject, Yol. 
I. page 140 of this periodical. 
We do hope that the regulation will be made of ex¬ 
cluding every one from the show-yard on the first day, 
except the judges and such persons as they may wish 
to consult from time to time; for instance, any of the 
owners of animals or implements, &c., and such per¬ 
sons should leave the yard the moment the judges have 
got through questioning them. It is perfectly idle to 
suppose that the judges can do either themselves or the 
public justice unless this regulation be strictly enforced. 
The ground for the plows to operate on should also be 
kept clear by a strong patrol on horseback. The sec¬ 
ond day of the show, the yard should be open as here¬ 
tofore to the public, at a charge of one shilling—chil¬ 
dren half price. The third day the same, when sales 
may take place, which under no circumstances should 
be by auction. The experience of both this country and 
Europe has settled this question, that the moment any¬ 
thing, on such an occasion is offered at auction, it puts 
an end to all confidence, and sales can not be effected 
except at the most ruinous prices. We sincerely hope, 
therefore, that every one will be permitted to manage 
his own affairs in his own private way. 
If it be not presumptuous on our part, we would add 
further, that it would be more correct to entitle the 
Society’s exhibitions, a “ Show,” and not a “ Fair.” A 
“Fair” is simply an exhibition for sales like those held 
in our country by benevolent societies. In England the 
meaning of these words is totally at variance, and are 
so used by all their agricultural societies. We may be 
deemed hypercritical, but it really seems to us to be 
departing from the dignity of a name, to denominate a 
superb “Show” like that now annually got up by the 
Empire State, under the title of a simple “ Fair.” We 
respectfully and earnestly crave the attention of the of¬ 
ficers of the society to this correction; for, although a 
great authority has said, “ a rose may smell as sweet 
by any other name,” we beg leave to add, that in our 
humble judgment it does not sound as well. 
Annual Exhibition of the New York State Agricultural 
Society , to be held at Poughkeepsie, September 18 and 
19, 1844. 
List of Premiums for 1841. 
MANAGEMENT OF FARMS. 
For skill and improvement in the management of a 
farm, taking into view the land, stock, and produce, 
with all the appendages. 
First premium, a gold medal—Second and third, sil¬ 
ver medals. 
No premium will be awarded unless an accurate de¬ 
scription of the farm and statement of the crops, &c., 
with all the expense of the management and profit of 
the farm, is furnished. These premiums will be award¬ 
ed only to those whose farms are improved in a manner 
that renders them examples worthy of imitation. 
ESSAYS FOR PUBLICATION IN THE “ TRANSAC¬ 
TIONS.” 
For the best series of essays on the importance of 
scientific knowledge in prosecuting successfully 
the ordinary pursuits of Agriculture,.....$100 
For the best essay on farm management, including 
all the details connected with the successful 
management of a farm,. $20 
For the best essay on the rotation of crops adapted 
to the climate of this state,. 20 
For the best essay on subsoil plowing, with the 
results of actual experiments in the state of 
New York,. 20 
For the best essay on the culture and manufac¬ 
ture of silk,. 20 
For the best essay on the cultivation of the apple, 
for exportation as well as domestic use,. 20 
EXPERIMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRI¬ 
CULTURE. 
Turning under Green Crops. 
For the most satisfactory experiment of turning un¬ 
der green crops as a manure, on not less than one acre 
