186 
SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR JUNE. 
cumbers and melons, around which keep the ground 
entirely clean and loose. Sweet-potatoes cultivate 
well, and draw the earth up about the roots. Cab¬ 
bages for autumn and winter use, can be planted out, 
and celery plants be transferred into trenches. Peas 
may be sown for late crops, although they do not bear 
so abundantly as those sown earlier in the season. 
Sow lettuce, and transplant every week, in order to 
insure a regular succession through the season. This 
should be done in moist weather, or if in dry weather, 
late in the afternoon, accompanied with a plentiful 
watering. During the month sow kidney and other 
beans, for successive crops, and in the early part of 
the month, a few Lima beans t may be planted for a 
late supply. Turneps for late crops may also be sown 
in this month. 
Fruit-Garden and Orchard. —During this month 
apple and other fruit-trees can be trimmed. For this 
work, the present season is preferable to the winter, 
for the reason that the sap, being in full circulation, 
will exude, and covering the wound, heal it in a short 
time. On the contrary, in the winter, no sap can ex¬ 
ude, and the branch will frequently be quite dead for 
some inches from the wound. All useless limbs and 
upright shoots cut away, and let the tree he trimmed to 
an open head. In plum-trees, all black knots, formed 
by the insect, must be taken off and burnt, or the dis¬ 
ease will spread rapidly. Cherries will not bear much 
pruning, and it is generally best to allow them to grow 
naturally. Stone fruits frequently bear in such profu¬ 
sion, that the tree is unable to mature them all, and 
they are thus of comparatively small size. To remedy 
this, the cultivator should thin out the fruit by hand, 
leaving only a moderate erop; the nourishment of the 
tree being thus devoted to a limited quantity, will pro¬ 
duce a larger and more delicious fruit. When trees 
are allowed to bear too abundantly, the great efforts 
made to mature all their fruit, will sometimes exhaust 
them to such a degree as to induce diseases, from which 
it will often take them several years to recover. Dur¬ 
ing this month, insects will frequently attack fruit- 
trees in great numbers. For some of these, as the 
slugs and others of the same nature, a sprinkling of 
ashes or lime is the most immediately destructive. For 
the aphis and smaller insects of the same habits, a so¬ 
lution of whale-oil soap, applied with a syringe, is the 
most efficacious. Caterpillars can be destroyed while 
they are yet in small clusters, by means of burning 
sulphur. 
Flower-Garden and Pleasure-Grounds. —Plant 
out in the borders perennial and autumnal herbaceous 
plants, which have been sown in seed-beds. This 
should be done near evening, and always accompanied 
with watering, unless the weather be moist or wet. 
Box-edging can still be trimmed during moist weather, 
as also hedges of privet, hawthorn, &e., although for 
these latter, earlier in the season would have been 
preferable. The turf in the pleasure-grounds and 
lawns keep well mowed; the oftener this is done, the 
more rich and velvety appearance it will assume. The 
gravel-walks and carriage-drives keep cleaned, and 
free from weeds and grass throughout the summer. 
It is in this month that the numerous wild flowers 
of our fields and woods abound in the greatest beauty 
and luxuriance; many of these are exceedingly beau¬ 
tiful, and well worthy of cultivation in the private gar¬ 
den. The lobelia-cardinalis, which abounds in the 
swamps, is one of the most splendid of these, and with 
many others has been transferred to our own garden 
with entire success. To insure their living, a portion 
of the natural soil should be transplanted with the 
roots, and a moist day, or late in the afternoon, selec¬ 
ted for the purpose. Apply frequent watering for 
some days after. There are few who have not admired 
these gems, which so thickly cover nature’s carpet; 
and when they can be so easily transferred to the 
parterre, neither the botanist nor amateur should be 
willing to deprive himself of so cheaply-purchased a 
pleasure. In case of drought it would be advisable to 
make frequent use of water in the flower-borders, and 
also in the strawberry-beds, by which this fruit will be 
enabled more fully to develop itself, and the plants pro¬ 
duce a more abundant crop. 
SOUTHERN CALENDAR FOR JUNE. 
Warm weather will now have commenced in earnest, 
and it is “ a merciful man who is merciful to his beast” 
Call all hands at noon, and after having fed and cur¬ 
ried all the working animals, let them be allowed to 
rest until three o’clock; for they can do as much work 
in the remainder of the day, as though they were at 
work the whole time. 
By the first of this month the cultivation of a greater 
portion of the plant and rattoon-cane will have been 
completed. Continue to plow among the cane in old 
land until July, but not too deep, for there wil be dan¬ 
ger of hurting the roots. 
Keep cotton and tobacco clean—stirring the earth 
often ; this not only keeps the weeds down but greatly 
assists it in resisting drought. The cotton will require 
the hoes to be passing through, so as to clear away 
grass and weeds left by the plow. Draw earth lightly 
around the plant, but leave no ridges as thrown by the 
plow; for there will be less surface exposed to the sun’s 
rays. 
Early corn will be forward enough to give the last 
plowing, which should be just before the time that the 
tassel makes its appearance. Plant peas between the 
corn as directed last month. 
The grain-crop not yet harvested now claims atten¬ 
tion. After oats are cut and stacked, it would be a 
great benefit to the field and stock, to plow in all stub¬ 
ble and sow down with peas, at the rate of a half bush¬ 
el to an acre and even more. 
The first planting of sweet-potatoes will now require 
the last working. Lay the vines on the ridges, and 
start the shovel-plows to run three or more furrows be¬ 
tween them. Draw the earth with hoes to the top of the 
ridges, and be careful the ends of the vine are not cov¬ 
ered. Continue to plant out drawings on the vine all 
this month, whenever the weather is suitable. The 
vines make the best seed, and may be planted as fol¬ 
lows : Cut them about a foot long; have a hole made 
in the ridge with a dibble; then, either with a stick 
with a notch cut in one end, or with the finger, thrust 
down a vine or two doubled; press the earth well 
around, leaving an inch or two out of the earth. For 
a winter’s use of fresh potatoes, procure the long red 
variety, and plant in rich low ground. They are great 
yielders, and ripen fully in a southern climate, and con¬ 
sequently prove a much better variety than at the 
north. They will make a good crop if planted by the 
middle of this month. 
Clip hops for drying, and evergreens if they are 
much grown, but not otherwise, as the heat will be 
liable to dry them too much. Begin to sow carrots in 
drills, to facilitate the weeding of them. Sow endive 
for fall crop, and black runner beans. Soon after sow¬ 
ing, water and shade the drills if necessary, until they 
have come up and are strong enough to bear the heat 
of the sun. 
See Northern Calendar for July and August. 
