356 PREMIUMS AWARDED AT THE SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL SHOW OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 
animal charcoal, which can be revivified on the 
estate. 7. The final concentration of the syrup 
can be more rapidly accomplished than by the 
present mode, in an open pan or teache, at the 
low temperature of 170° to 180° Fahrenheit, or at 
about 80° to 100° below the usual temperature of 
the strike when boiled by the common method. 
8. The concentrated mass can be properly crystal¬ 
lised and effectually cured, and the potting avoided 
by the use of vessels into which the strikes are 
discharged consecutively, and the sugar so cured 
will not drain during the voyage. 9. The molas¬ 
ses can be converted into sugar nearly equal to 
that of the first production; and sugar can also be 
made of quality in all respects as muscovado (and 
by this peculiar method only) from the molasses 
that drain from the sugar of the second quality. 
10. The megass may be used for manure, if the 
various operations are performed by the agency of 
steam. 11. The machinery, apparatus, &c., are 
simple in their construction and management, and 
much less costly than others. 
PREMIUMS 
Awarded at the Seventeenth Annual Show and Fair of 
the American Institute , October , 1844. 
Horses. 
Stallions. —A. Redewald, New York, for the best stud 
horse—silver cup, $15. Samuel Mott, Jamaica, L. I., 
for the second best stud horse (rising Sun)—silver 
medal. William Salisbury, Catskill, Green Co., N. Y., 
for a stud horse (Diomed)—diploma. John Jackson, 
for a bay horse (Membrino)—diploma. Jesse Yliet, 
New York, for a bay horse (Young Top Gallant)—di¬ 
ploma. Ezrahiah Wetmore, Rye, N. Y., for a stud 
horse (Marshal Ney)—diploma. Edward Harris, N. J., 
for the Norman horse (Diligence)—silver medal. 
Brood Mares. —Albert Emmons, Flatlands, N. Y., 
for the best brood mare, silver cup, $15. Henry I. 
Seaman, Staten Island, for the second best brood mare— 
silver medal. John S. Roulston, New York, for the 
black mare (Lady of the Lake)—diploma. 
Colts. —George M. Patchen, Brooklyn, for the best 
colt—silver cup, $8. Anthony Davison, Rockland, 
Queens Co., N. Y., for a sorrel colt—diploma. Shep¬ 
herd Knapp, N. Y., for a well matched pair of carriage 
horses—silver medal. Ray Tompkins, Westchester 
Co., N. Y., for a pair of horses-—diploma. 
Mules. 
Abraham Van Siclen, Jamaica, L. I., for the best 
pair of mules—silver cup, $10. Joseph Drake, De Kay, 
New York, for the best jenny (Kit)—diploma. 
Improved Breeds of Cattle. 
Bulls two years old and upward. —George M. Wool- 
sey, Hell Gate, N. Y., for the best Durham bull (Jupi¬ 
ter)—silver cup, $15. Robert Bolton, jr., Eastchester, 
N. Y., for the best Devon bull (Dudley) silver cup, $15. 
Bulls one year old and upward. —Thomas Oliver, 
Riversdale, N. Y., for the best Durham yearling bull 
(Marius)—silver cup, $10. 
Bull Calves. —Wm. Whiting, Morristown, N. J., for 
the best Durham bull calf—silver medal. 
Cows. —Thos. Bell, Randall’s Island, for the best 
Durham cow (Shakeress)—silver cup, $15. R. S. 
Griswold, Lyme, Conn., for the best Ayreshire cow 
(Lady Rose)—silver cup, $16. 
Heifer .—Thomas Bell, Randall’s Island, for the best 
Durham heifer—silver cup, $8. Robert Bolton, Jr., 
Eastchester, N. Y., for the best Devon heiler—silver 
cup, $8. R. S. Griswold, Lyme, Conn., for the best 
Ayreshire heifer—silver cup, $8. 
Native Cattle. 
Thomas Bell, Randall’s Island, for the best native 
bull (Alderman)—silver cup, $15. James Patton, New 
Windsor, N. Y., for the best bull calf—silver medal. 
Joseph Clowes, Jersey City, for the best native cow— 
silver cup, $10. Charles Bathgate, Jr., Morrisania, 
N. Y., for the second best native cow—silver medal. 
Joseph Clowes, Jersey City, for the best native heifer- 
silver medal. George Chesterman, Harlem, N. Y., for 
the best heifer calf-—silver medal. 
Working Cattle. 
David Beecher, Huntingdon, Conn., for the best pair 
of working oxen—silver cup, $15, and an extra pre¬ 
mium, $10. Eli Dickerman, Hamden, Conn., for the 
second best pair of working oxen—silver medal, and an 
extra premium, $10. John B. Davis, Derby, Conn., 
for a superior pair of working oxen—diploma, and an 
extra premium, $10. L. H. Wheaton, Madison, Conn., 
for a superior pair of working oxen—diploma, and an 
extra premium, $10. Josiah Purdy, Jr., Rye, West¬ 
chester Co., N. Y.; John Brewster, English Neighbor¬ 
hood, N. J,; Abner House, Bellevue, N. Y. ; for five pair 
of working oxen—extra premium of $10 to each pair. 
Sheep—Long Wools. 
Charles Bathgate, Westchester Co., N. Y., for the 
best long wool buck (Leicester breed)—silver cup, $8. 
Thomas Bell, Randall’s Island, for the best long wool 
ewe (Leicester breed)—silver cup, $8. John Brews¬ 
ter, English Neighborhood, N. J., for the best long 
wool lamb (Leicester breed)—silver medal. Obadiah 
Elliott, Middleham, N. J., for the best middle wool 
buck (Southdown)—silver cup, $8. John Beatty, 
Morris Co,, N. J., for the best middle wool ewe (Bake- 
well)—silver cup, $8. Benjamin Florence, Mamaro- 
neck, N. Y., for the best wether—silver cup, $8. Rob¬ 
ert Bolton, Jr., Eastchester, N. Y., for a superior South- 
down buck and four lambs—silver medal. 
Swine. 
Benjamin H. Hart, Poughkeepsie, for the best Berk¬ 
shire boar—silver cup, $8. Myndert Van Schaick, 
New York, for the second best boar—diploma. Wil¬ 
liam Burnham, New York, for the best sow (half Berk¬ 
shire)—silver cup, $8. William McLinchy, Yorkville, 
for the second best sow—diploma. Elijah Ryder, Sing 
Sing, for the best shoat—silver medal. Samuel Love, 
New York, for two very fine fat hogs—silver medal. 
Farms. 
Jeremiah Johnson, Wallabout, L. I., for his market 
garden farm—silver medal. Thomas Bell, Randall’s 
Island, N. Y. for his farm—silver medal. 
Plowing. 
John Rae, West Farms, Westchester Co., for the 
best plowing of one eighth of an acre (time, 30 min¬ 
utes)—silver cup. 
MANAGEMENT OF POULTRY. 
Poultry are subject to a variety of diseases, but 
nearly all of a serious nature are attributable to 
the effects of climate or want of care or skill. Pip 
is caused by a want of clean water, or by drink¬ 
ing dirty water in dry weather. Cure—remove 
the white blister found upon the tongue, and wash 
it with warm vinegar and water-feeding the bird 
