16 Color Standards and Nomenclature. 
terms. It is not strictly correct to say a “dark tint” or 
“light shade” of any color, because a tint implies a color 
paler than the full color, while a shade means exactly 
the opposite; and to say an “orange shade (or tint) of 
red,” a “greenish shade (or tint) of blue,” a “bluish 
shade (or tint) of violet,” etc., is an absurdity, for the 
term hue, which specifically and alone refers to relative 
position in the spectrum scale, without reference to light¬ 
ness or darkness, is the only one which can correctly be 
used in such cases. 
Indeed the standardization of color terms is almost 
if not quite as important, in the interest of educational 
progress, as that of the colors themselves and their 
names ; therefore, to make easy a clear understanding of 
the specific meaning of each, the following definitions 
are given:— 
Color. —The term of widest application, being the 
only one which can be used to cover the entire range of 
chromatic manifestation ; that is to say, the spectrum 
colors (together with those between violet and red, not 
shown in the spectrum) with all their innumerable vari¬ 
ations of luminosity, mixture, etc. In a more restricted 
sense, applied to the six distinct spectrum colors (red, 
orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet), which are some¬ 
times distinguished as fundamental colors or spectrum 
colors. 
Hue—' While often used interchangeably or syn¬ 
onymously with color, the term hue is more properly re¬ 
stricted by special application to those lying between 
any contiguous pair of spectrum colors (also between 
violet and purple and between purple and red); as an 
orange hue (not shade or tint, as so often incorrectly 
said) of red; a yellow hue of orange ; a greenish hue of 
yellow, a bluish hue of green; a violet hue of blue, etc. 
Tint— Any color (pure or broken) weakened by 
high illumination or (in the case of pigments) by ad- 
