64 NATURAL HISTORY. [NORTH 
cies are—the octahedral, or libethenite, from Libethen in Hungary; and 
the prismatic, or rhenite , from Rheinbreitenbach, where it occurs with 
quartz which sometimes passes into calcedony. 
Case 54. Part of this Case is occupied by the remaining phosphates. 
Phosphate of iron , Werner’s vivianite, in variously grouped crystals 
(from Bodenmais in Bavaria, from Cornwall, from Fernando Po, &c.), 
massive and pulverulent: among the specimens of the latter are the 
massive variety of New Jersey, and several earthy blue varieties in clay, 
peat, w r ood, &c. : the chalcosiderite of Ullmann, Werner’s green iron 
earth, and Thomson’s mullicite , are likewise phosphates of iron.— Phos - 
phate of manganese or triplite, from Chanteloube, near Limoges, in the 
department of Haute Vienne in France, where several other mineral 
substances have lately been found, the essential component parts of 
which are iron, manganese, and phosphoric acid.— Triphyline , a phos¬ 
phate of iron, manganese and lithia; triplite; delvauxite, 8cc. — Phos¬ 
phates of alumina , to which belong—the wavellite, a substance which 
was originally mistaken for a hydrate of pure alumina, and therefore 
called hy dr argillite, from Devonshire, Ireland, Brazil, Greenland, from 
Amberg in Bavaria (called lasionite ), from Aussig in Bohemia, on 
sand-stone, &c.—the klaprotliite, called also blue spar, and lazulite, 
and is therefore sometimes confounded with the lapis lazuli;—toge¬ 
ther with some other substances of which no exact analyses have as vet 
been published, though they are known to be chiefly composed of alu¬ 
mina in combination with phosphoric acid, such as—the calaite, or real 
turquois ( firuzah in Persian), an opaque gem found chiefly at Nisha- 
pur, in the province of Khorasan, Persia, in nodules or as small veins 
traversing a ferrugino-argillaceous rock, and greatly esteemed on ac¬ 
count of its beautiful blue colour, which will in most cases be sufficient to 
distinguish it both from the blue silicate of copper and from fossil bones 
(particularly teeth) impregnated with blue phosphate of iron or carbonate 
of copper, some of which substances are vulgarly called occidental tur¬ 
quoises.—The hakoxene, a rare substance of a crystalline diverging- 
fibrous structure and yellow colour, found in the fissures of argillaceous 
iron-stone, near Zbirow in Bohemia;—and the childrenite from Tavi¬ 
stock, in Devonshire : both which mineral substances contain alumina 
and oxide of iron combined with phosphoric acid, but requife to be sub¬ 
jected to closer chemical examination. — Phosphate of oxide of uranium ; 
—to these belong the yellow uranite or uran-mica from Autin, Limoges, 
Bodenmais ; and the green uranite, or chalcolite, chiefly from Cornwall 
and Saxony : both of them phosphates of oxide of uranium, but dis¬ 
tinct by containing, the former a small portion of phosphate of lime, and 
the latter an equivalent portion of phosphate of copper. 
This Case also contains the nitrates and part of the sulphates. Ni¬ 
trate of potassa, native nitre or saltpetre, found as efflorescence, mixed 
with other nitrates, and as crystalline crusts ; from Pulo di Molfetta in 
Apulia, from near Burgos in Spain, &c .—Nitrate of soda.—Sulphate 
of soda, or glauber salt. — Thenardite, a hydrous sulphate of soda, found 
in crystalline crusts, at the bottom of the briny waters at the Salines 
d’Espartines, five miles from Madrid ;— glauberite, a mineral composed 
of the anhydrous sulphates of soda and of lime, from the salt mines of 
Villarubia and Aranjuez in Spain, embedded in salt and clay.—Among 
the specimens of sulphate of strontia, or celestine, the more remarkable 
