NATURAL HISTORY. 
29 
GALLERY.] 
jay and cinereous jay of North America, &c. The true Crows, which 
are inhabitants of various parts of the world, and are generally seen on 
the ground, searching for carrion, worms, &c., as the raven, carrion 
crow, rook, hooded crow, and jackdaw of Europe, &c. 
Case 63. The CaUceatinae are inhabitants of Africa, Asia, and 
Australia; as the changeable crow of Africa, rufous crow of India, 
cinereous wattle bird of New Zealand, &c. 
Case 64. The Gymnoderince are very singular birds of South 
America; they feed on fruits; as the bare-necked grakle, fetid grakle, 
&c. The Choughs are found in the elevated mountains of the Old 
World, and prey on insects and berries; as the red-legged crow and 
Alpine crow. These are occasionally found in Europe, &c. The 
Birds of Paradise are natives of New Guinea; their habits are perfectly 
those of the crow, as the greater paradise bird, king paradise bird, 
magnificent paradise bird, &c. 
Case 65. The Shining Thrushes are found in Africa, Asia, and Aus¬ 
tralia, and they feed on fruits and insects; as the satin bower bird : 
these birds form artificial arbours of twigs, which they decorate with 
shells, bones, stones, and other articles, and through which they run in 
playful chase after each other; also the splendid thrush, brilliant thrush, 
&c., of Africa and India. The Grakles live in troops in the islands of 
the Indian Archipelago, searching for insects and fruits among the 
banana; as the minor grakle and bald grakle. The beef-eaters are in¬ 
habitants of Africa, where they live on the larvae of a parasitical insect 
which they compress out of the skin of the rhinoceros by means of their 
bill; as the African beef-eater. 
Case 66. The Starlings are found in both hemispheres, and they 
feed on the larvae which attack cattle ; they fly in large and crowded 
flocks; as the rose-coloured thrush of Europe; and Malabar grakle, 
pagoda grakle of India, &e. ; cockscomb grakle of South Africa ; 
common stare of Europe; Sardinian stare of Europe, &c., and the 
Louisiana stare of North America, &c. The Quiscalince inhabit New 
Guinea, but especially North and South America; as the gorget 
paradise bird of New Guinea, purple grakle and boat-tailed grakle 
of South America, &c. 
Case 67. The Icteric Orioles are also peculiar to America, and 
live in flocks, feeding on grain and insects; as the black and yellow 
oriole, crested oriole, icteric oriole, and banana oriole, &c. The Aye- 
laince , like the preceding series, are also found in North and South Ame¬ 
rica, generally in flocks among the cattle. Some of the species have 
a peculiar habit of laying their eggs in other birds’ nests, as the cowpea 
oriole, red-winged oriole, &c. 
Case 68. The Weavers, which inhabit Africa and India, and feed 
on grain. They form their nest of interwoven blades of grass; as the 
Philippine grosbeak, weaver oriole of Africa, &c. The hawfinches have 
a powerful bill, which enables them to feed on hard fruits, &c.; as the 
haw grosbeak of Europe, blue grosbeak of North America, crimson¬ 
breasted grosbeak of Africa, ground sparrows of Galapagos, and widow 
birds of Africa, &c. 
Cases 68, 69. The Tanagers, which are peculiar to the New 
World, are remarkable for their beauty of plumage, and feed on 
grain, berries, and insects; as the red tanager and summer tanager of 
