350 
EAELY CLOSING. 
tion of Baron Liebig, and such as were to be expected of one so placed. and we 
have reason to believe that prior to the formation of the Company with which 
he has become associated, Baron Liebig acted in entire accordance with them, 
for we find that under date 6 Oct. 1865, he thus wrote to Mr. Tooth of Sydney 
who had shortly before had personal communication with him in Germany, and 
who was at that time engaged on some experiments on extract of meat in 
London: 
# Allow me to tell you that you need not trouble yourself 
“ with finding out a new method, or a simpler one, for the preparation of 
“ the Extract of Meat; all this has been done a hundred times. There is 
‘ ^ only one method for manufacturing,—and this is to mix the chopped flesh 
“ with its volume of soft water (without gypsum), and to raise the tempe- 
“ rature of that mixture to 180° F. To extract the essence with cold 
“ water is not applicable for manufacturing. 
“The South American Extract does not contain gelatine (or glue); it 
“ is precipitated by tannic acid, but this precipitate is not due to gelatine.” 
With regard to the special directions for Extractum Carnis contained in the 
Bavarian Pharmacopoeia (1856),- which Baron Liebig says are not Jiis^ it is 
difficult to imagine that the words we have put in Italics in the second para¬ 
graph of the foregoing translation, were written with a consciousness that the 
directions in question were so far defective or different as not to yield “ this 
extract,” of which he is there writing. But be that as it may, it must at least 
be presumed that they had the sanction of his coadjutor Dr. Bettenkofer, who 
was a member of the committee responsible for the processes prescribed in that 
work. 
Whatever Baron Liebig may mean by '•''special directions^” it is plain that all 
needful directions have long ago been fully made public. Special directions will 
be modified by special circumstances, such (among others) as the quantity of 
material to be operated upon, the nature of the apparatus employed, the climate 
of the country where the process is carried on, and other matters not involving 
any general principle;—and all extract of meat, fairly and intelligently manu¬ 
factured according to Liebig’s published process is cceteris paribus identical, and 
may therefore, in our opinion, be properly designated Liebig^’s Extract of Meat. 
Baron Liebig’s present attempt to sell an exclusive right to the use of a dis¬ 
covery which he had long before given to the public, appears to be exactly 
parallel to a certain transaction twenty years ago., which called forth from the 
Editor of the Pharmaceutical Journal the following remark: 
“ Baron Liebig had an undoubted right to give the benefit of his dis- 
“ covery to whom he pleased: but having given it to the public, he could 
“ not make it private property afterwards.”— Pharm. Journ.., Oct. 1846, 
page 163. 
We are. Sir, 
Your obedient servants, 
Allen and Handurys. 
Plough Court, Lombard Street, 9 Nov. 1866. 
EAKLY CLOSING. 
TO THE EDITOR OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL. 
Dear Sir,—I am glad to be able to tell you that the movement commenced in 
Belgravia South, has been in Belgravia proper a decided success. In conjunc¬ 
tion with Mr. Gulliver I canvassed the lower half, with Mr. Bourdas the upper 
