593 
ORIGINAL AND EXTRACTED ARTICLES. 
KEPORT OF AN ANALYSIS OF THE FIFTH REMITTANCE OF BARK 
FROM INDIA. 
BY J. E. HOWARD, ESQ., F.L.S. 
To the Under Secretary of State for India. 
Tehruary 4^7i, 1867. 
Sir,—I have to report that the specimens of bark removed from trees in September 
and October, 1866, reached me in good condition. The No. 1 specimen shows at once 
its superiorit}", and approaches nearly in appearance to the fine red bark grown in South 
America. No. 2 does not differ much at first sight, except in the absence of lichens, 
from No. 3. Amongst the barks of this parcel suited for sale at public auction, the 
broker at once selected the specimen of C. Pahudiana, as the most likely to give satis¬ 
faction, and as likely to realize at the present time from Is. Qd. to Is. 8A per pound. 
Next to this, and at about the same value, comes No. 6, which is very much like the 
original specimen of this bark, as gathered by Mr. Cross, and now in my possession, 
together with a very well preserved specimen of a flowering branch of this sort, the 
Colorada del Rey of Pavon, and now named C. officinalis, var. Bonplandiana. (See 
Mr. Markham’s Memorandum, at p. 5 of the Parliamentary Return (Cinchona) of 
June 18th, 1866.) I make this correction on the strength of the corresponding appear¬ 
ance with the specimen brought by Mr. Cross, and beg to direct particular attention to 
the discrimination of the varieties of C. officinalis, which, though classed together in 
some returns, and in others declared to be “ not distinguishable,” will be seen to be of 
totally different value for cultivation. Of this, the C. officinalis, var. crispa, is a 
remarkable illustration. I pointed out in 1852 the great inferiority of produce in 
alkaloids of this, the “ fine Loja bark ” of modern commerce, to the original Loja barks. 
This characteristic is not altered by the new place of growth, and this sort also preserves 
its peculiarly black appearance, and its very crisp fracture, from which peculiarities it 
w'as called Cascarilla crespilla neqra by the Spanish dealers. It is, however, no longer 
noted in its new place of growth for the aroma (compared by Professor Guibourt to that 
of tobacco), nor has it the same pleasing appearance as when grown on the mountains 
of Loja. It would fetch probably Is. dcL to Is. 5c/. per pound in the market. The 
remaining parcels would not at first command a ready sale, as they differ so widely in 
appearance from any now in the market. 
The quantity sent this time, especially of the earlier numbers, was more favourable 
for examination, affording the opportunity of correction by a second or third analysis of 
any point left obscure, an opportunity which I should desire for a future re examination 
of No. 6, though I do not suppose that the result would be more favourable than it is 
this time. 
No. 1. C. succiruhra. —3rd crop of bark, renewed under moss. 
Crystallized sulphates, per 100 parts.8’45 
Alkaloids soluble in ether, viz. cinclionidine and quinine . . 1T4 
Insoluble in ether (cinchonidine).0'20 
9-79 
Memo .—The sulphates (of mixed quinine and cinchonidine) refine well, but do not 
stand the ether test. 
*No. 2. C. succiruhra .—Original bark, six months under moss. 
Crystallized sulphates.4*57 
Alkaloids soluble in ether, cinchonidine and quinine . . . 3-78 
Insol. in ether, cinchonine.0‘80 
Cinchonicine.0*11 
- 0-91 
9 26 
Memo .—The sulphates as No. 1, but less easily refined. 
