70 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
[north 
variety called asparagus-stone, from the Greiner in Tyrol, and particularly 
the specimens from Jumillain Murcia; the Norwegian apatite called mo - 
roxite; also the phosphorite or fibrous and compact phosphate of time, 
and the pulverulent variety, known by the name of earth of Marmorosh, 
which was formerly considered as a variety of fluoride of calcium (fluate 
of lime). — The only carbonate found combined with a chloride is the 
horn-lead,, or chloro-carbonate of lead: the unique suite of crystals 
deposited in this Table Case is from Cromford Level, near Matlock. 
To the silicates with chlorides are referred the sodalite , of which, how¬ 
ever, some varieties stand in need of more accurate chemical examina¬ 
tion ;—the endialyte , which occurs in West Greenland, accompanied by 
the preceding mineral substances;— the pyrosmalite, from the iron-mines 
of Nordma k, in Wermeland, massive and in perfect crystals. 
Case 58 contains the fluorides, of which by far the most important 
species is the fluoride of calcium, generally called fluate of lime and 
Auor-spar: among its numerous varieties may be particularized, the 
rose-coloured crystals from Chamouni; the phosphorescent massive 
fluor-spar, called chlorophane, from Siberia; the varieties called forti¬ 
fication-fluor ; earthy and compact fluor, &c., chiefly from Derbyshire 
and Saxony.— Fluoride of calcium, yttrium, and cerium ;— yttrocerite • 
and some related minerals from Finbo and Brodbo near Fahlun in Swe¬ 
den.— Fluoride of sodium and aluminum, called cryolite, found in West 
Greenland: pure and mixed with brown iron stone, Gelena, &c. 
Case 58 A. is appropriated to some of the silicates containing fluo¬ 
rides :—to these belongs the topaz, here illustrated by a considerable 
series of crystals of Saxon, Brazilian, and Siberian varieties, among which 
there are several new modifications; Saxon varieties imbedded in the 
topaz rock, an aggregate of topaz, shorl, quartz, and sometimes mica ; 
Brazilian topazes, yellow and pink, imbedded in rock crystal, &c. 
—Also the pyrophysalite from Fahlun in Sweden, and the pycnite, 
formerly considered as a variety of beryl, are referable to topaz;— 
the chondrodite (maclurite, brucite)from New Jersey, and from Pargas 
in Finland; and some varieties of mica and lepidolite, ( Case 32,) likewise 
contain fluoric acid. 
Case 59 contains the chlorides.—Chloride of sodium (muriate of soda ), 
or rock salt: the most interesting specimens here deposited of this im¬ 
portant mineral substance are, the crystallized varieties; the massive and 
fibrous coloured varieties, the red, chiefly from Hallein in Tyrol, the 
blue and violet from Ischel in Upper Austria; the stalactical rock salt from 
Mexico, &c_ Chloride of ammonium or sal-ammoniac, from Vesuvius, 
Saint Etienne en Forez, &c. — Chlorides of lead: to these belong, the 
cotunnite from Vesuvius; the basic muriate of lead from Mendip ; and 
the murio-carbonate of lead from Derbyshire, of which most rare sub¬ 
stance very perfect specimens will be found in this glass Case. — Chlo¬ 
ride of copper or atacamite, in crystallized splendid groups, chiefly from 
Remolinos, Soli dad and Veta negra della Pampa larga, in Chili;—what 
was originally termed Peruvian green sand, or atacamite (being obtained 
from the desert of Atacama between Chili and Peru) is now known to 
be artificially produced by pounding the crystallized and laminar va¬ 
rieties for the purpose of using the sand (arenilla) in lieu of blotting 
paper_ Chloride of silver, called also horn-silver and corneous silver : 
amorphous, botryoidal, in laminae, and crystallized in minute cubes and 
octahedrons, from Veta Negra in Chili, the Saxon Erzgebirge, &c— 
