340 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[August, 
A Home-made Crank Pump. 
Mr. C. Lederer. Kingsburg Co., Ill., writes: 
“ I am still receiving your most worthy 
paper, and am pleased with its contents, and 
especially my boys, who are very enthusiastic 
about it. It is the 
best reading matter 
that can be placed 
in the hands of chil¬ 
dren. I have seen 
many handy con¬ 
trivances in your 
paper which were a 
great benefit to me, 
and in return, I will 
give some ideas 
which may be new 
to some of your 
readers. With this 
you will find a small 
pencil sketch of a 
pump which I have 
made and have used 
to my entire satis¬ 
faction. In the con¬ 
struction of the 
pump, take a wood¬ 
en pipe, a, 10 feet 
long, and a short 
piece, b, to connect 
with another pipe, 
a, long enough to reach within 6 inches of the 
bottom of the well; this prevents drawing dirt 
into the pump. Place a valve on the top of 
the lower pipe ; take two pieces of boards, 
e, c, of the same width as the pipe, a, and nail 
them on opposite sides of the pipe. Provide 
an iron rod, 8 feet long, with a thi-ead at one 
end. Then put on a burr and make a valve 
of rubber, the same as shown in figure 2. 
This valve may be made £rom an old rubber 
boot. Put another burr on below the valve. 
Make a crank shaft, from another iron rod, 
which should be of f-inch iron and bent as 
shown in figure 1. In the next 
place make a short rod with an 
eye at each end, and connect 
the valve-rod to the crank-shaft. 
This crank-shaft can be attached 
to a balance wheel, h, if desired. 
Make a simple cover, g, for the 
top of the pump, with a hole to Pig. 2. rub- 
give the valve-rod sufficient play BBR VA,A E ' 
up and down. Nail a piece of wood, to 
the side of the pump, and bore a hole 
through it, and the pipe, for the spout /, 
and the pump is complete. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
Lees extensive dealings have been reported in the 
financial and commercial lines since our last, even on 
speculative account, and prices have been very variable, 
largely due to manipulation, but recently the general 
tendency has been to a lower range of quotations.... 
Breadstuff interests have been practically controlled by 
the crop and weather reports and rumors, which, toward 
the close, assumed a much more encouraging tone, and 
thus worked decidedly against a buoyant market. Op¬ 
tion trading in Wheat, Corn, and Oats has been to a 
liberal aggregate. Purchasers of Wheat, for export, 
have been moderate, and, in good part, of Spring grades. 
Free sales of Corn, however, have been noted to ship¬ 
pers, who have also taken a fair amount of Flour. Rye 
has attracted less attention, and closed heavily... .Flax 
continued in active request for export, and was again 
advanced, leaving off at $1.35@$1.37_Wool met with 
a readier market, at generally stronger rates... .Cotton 
has fluctuated considerably, on, however, a restricted 
movement, even in the way of options... .Provisions 
have been ruling higher, especially Lard, which advanced 
sharply, on an active speculative inquiry... .Hay and 
Straw lower, on a moderate demand, and more liberal 
offerings.... Ocean freights have shown a hardening 
tendency, on a better inquiry for accommodation, espe¬ 
cially for Grain, Petroleum, and miscellaneous freight, 
with rates on Grain to Liverpool by steam closing at 
3£d.@,id. ; to London at 5J4. ; to Glasgow at i\d. ; to 
Avonmouth at 5d.(5^5p£.; to Rotterdam at 5idf. per 
bushel; and on flour by steam for British ports, at 7s. 6<f. 
(o)15s. per ton. The chartering movement has been on 
a more liberal scale, at stronger figures, sailing vessels 
of average carrying capacity—say 3,000 to 4,000 qrs.— 
closing here for Cork and orders at 4a. 6<f.@4a. 7J<L per 
qr. of 480 lbs. The visible supplies of Wheat—embrac¬ 
ing the hoards at lake ports, in transit, and on the sea¬ 
board—at latest dates, embraced about 16,370,500 bush¬ 
els ; -of Corn, 13,523,100 bushels ; of Rye, 162,500 bush¬ 
els; of Barley, 248,000 bushels, and of Oats, 7,004,100 
bushels. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our record kept daily during the year, show at a 
glance the transactions for the month ending July 6 th, 
18SI (as compared with the preceding month), and for 
the corresponding period last year: 
1 . TRANSACTIONS AT THE NEW TORE MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Barley. Oats. 
24 d's this m’th424,000 4,558,000 5,733,000 42,100 22,000 1,631,000 
24d’sfastm’th384,000 4,440,000 5,531,000 90,000 104,000 907,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
24 d. t’.sm’th466,500 43,385,000*15,195,000 * 57,000* - 3,831,000* 
24d.r«m’th476,00044,707,000* 17,543,000 138,0C0* 15,500 3,370,000* 
* Including forward delivery. 
2. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Barley. Oats. 
24 days 1881..424,000 4,558,000 5,733,000 42,100 22,000 1,631,000 
24 days 1880. .396,000 6,281,000 4,889,000 79,000 307,000 1,334,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
24 days 1881..466,500 43,385,000 15,195,000 75,000 -t— 3,831,000 
24 days 1880 . 412,000 23,986,000 8,311,000 138,000 - 2,304,000 
3. Stock of Grain in store in New York. 
Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Malt. 
bush. hush. hush. bush. bush. bush. 
July 5,’81..2,098,381 964,894 53,622 18,943 1,565,080 81,704 
June 7,’81.. 1,432,783 575.725 82,136 29,466 428,999 58,304 
July 7,’80..1,250,213 440,977 73,367 25,425 623,115 216,075 
July 7,’79..1,159,019 1,917,747 60,147 45,099 211,662 158,640 
July 11, ’78..1,591,132 720,784 138,852 174,000 207,769 663,075 
4. Exports from Neio York, last two months: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
hbls. hush. hush. bush. bush. bush. 
Last month 274,506 12,475,000 4,233,000 71,600 6,950 12,100 
Brcv. m'th . .314,500 3,551,000 3,315,000 34,600 7,400 13,300 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
4 50 @ 8 25 
4 50 
5 50 
2 75 
1 15 
1 12 
@ 8 00 
@ 6 00 
@ 3 40 
@ 1 25 
... @ 1 31 
88>^@ 1 24 
56 @ 58 
57 @ " 
48 @ 
1 07 
65 
Flour—S uperfine.$3 90 @ 4 60 
•• Extra Southern.. 4 85 @7 50 
•• Extra Western. 
Minnesota. 
■■ Rye, Superfine.. 
Corn-Meal, ^ bbl. 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White. 
Red and Amber. 
• • Spring. 
Corn- -7 ellow. 
White. 
Mixed. 
Oats. 
Rye. 
Hay—H ale, $ 100 as. 
Straw. ^ 100 lbs. 
Cotton, Middlings. $ lb. 
Hops— new crop, $ ft. 
•• olds, ft lb. 
Seed—C lover, W. & St. $ lb. 
Timothy, ft bushel_ 
Flax, 19 bushel. 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c., f ft 
Seed Leaf, per lb.. 
Wool—D omestic Fleece, ft ft 
•• Domestic, pulled. 
• California... 
Tallow, $ fb.. 
Oil-Cake— ft ton. 
Pork—M ess, ft bbl. -- 
•• Extra Prime, $ bbl.. 13 00 @13 50 
Beef—E xtra Mess. 1125 @12 00 
Lard, in trcs. & bbls, ft 100‘b 10 75 @11 15 
56 4 
51X 
@ 1 11 
- @ 1 12>£ 
55 @ 1 05 
11K@ 11 % 
15 @ 23 
5 @ 12 
7 @ 9 
@ 3 00 
July 6, 1881. 
$4 00 @4 65 
4 90 @7 50 
4 65 @ 8 50 
4 65 @ 8 25 
5 25 @ 5 75 
2 75 @ 3 40 
1 10 @125 
1 00 ® 1 30 
90 @ 1 21 
53 @ 57 
54 @ 60 
@ 57 
@ 49 
@ 1 08>£ 
^ 90 
48 
41 
1 03 
45 
45 
11H@ 
15 @ 
5 @ 
80 
23 
12 
84 
1 30 @ 
— 
1 35 @ 1 37 4 
4 @ 
15 
4 @ 
154 
6 @ 
40 
5 'A® 
40 
25 @ 
45 
24 @ 
46 
20 @ 
46 
24 @ 
4S 
14 @ 
24 
18 @ 
30 
„„ 64® 
6 % 
6 4 ® 
6 % 
30 00 @ 
30 25 @ 
Butter—S tate, ft ft. 15 
Western, poor to f’cy,Tb 10 
Cheese. 7 
Eggs—F resh, $ dozen. 15 
@ 
16 00 
12 75 
11 25 
11 25 
15 
10 
7 
15 
@17 25 
@13 75 
@12 00 
@11 75 
@ 23 
@ 21 
@ 10 
@ 18 
Prices of Fertilizers. 
Nitrate of Potash (95 per cent), per 11). 14®84c. 
Sulphate of Potash (potash 44 per cent), per lb.. S 4 @i c. 
do. do. (potash 27M per cent, per lb.. Va®\%c. 
German Potash Salts (potash 12 to 15 p. c.), p. ton.$!2.0l)@15.00 
Muriate ot Potash (potash 50 per cent), per lb.... 2'4@'24c. 
Nitrate of Soda, per lb. 4 © 04 c. 
Sulphate of Ammonia (25 per cent), per lb. 54®54c„ 
Dried Blood (ammonia 13 per cent), per toil.$50.00®52.00 
No. 1 Peruv. Guano.guaranteed, $ ton. 58.00 
Soluble Pacific Guano, per ton. 45.00 
Excelsior Fertilizer Co., Fine Ground Raw Bone.. 45.00 
Manes’ Complete Manure (clay soils), per 1.000 lbs. 26.00 
do. do. do. (light soils', per 1,000 lbs. 26.00 
do. do. do. “A” Brand (wheat), $ 1,000 lbs. 21.00 
do. Tobacco do. do. .. 53.00 
do. Fruit and Vine Manure, per ton. 37.00 
do. Pure Raw Bone, per ton. 38.00 
Matfield Fertilizer, No. 1. 45.00 
do. do. No. 2. ;. . 30.00 
Homestead Superphosphate, per ton . 40.00 
do Tobacco Grower, per ton. 60.00 
Banner Raw Bone Flour, per ton . 45.00 
Bowker’s Wheat Phosphate, per ton. 40.00 
. do. Acid Phosphate, per ton.25,00 
do. Soluble Bone, per ton. 35.00 
do. Grain Phosphate, per ton. 40.00 
do. Hill and Drill Phosphate, per ton.45.00 
Stockbridge Corn manure, per ton . 50.00 
do. Potato manure, per ton. 50.00 
Stockbridge Rye Manure, per toil..45.00 
do. Wheat Manure, per ton. 45.00 
do. Seeding Down Manure, per ton. 40.00 
Walton, Wliann & Co.’s Raw Bone Phosphate, per ton.. 40.00 
Gypsum, Nova Scotia, ground, per ton. 8.00 
101,783 Acres of Grapes. 
1J3)453}827 Gallons of Wine, Value, 
$13,276,175. 
An effort has been made, in Washington, by Wm. 
McMurtrie, of the Agricultural Department, to ascer¬ 
tain the extent of Grape Culture in this country. From 
answers to 15,000 circulars and other sources, the esti¬ 
mates annexed here have been prepared. The States 
are arranged in the order of the estimated value of the 
product. 
Acres. 
1. California. 
2. Ohio. 
3. Georgia. 
.. 2,991 
4. Missouri.. 
5. New Mexico. 
.. 3,150 
6. Illinois. 
7. Alabama. 
.. 1,111 
8. New York. 
.. 12,646 
9. Iowa. 
.. 1.470 
10. Mississippi. 
432 
11. North Carolina... 
.. 2,639 
12. New Jersev. 
.. 1,967 
13. Virginia. 
.. 2,099 
14. Kansas... 
.. 3,542 
15. Utah .. 
.. 658 
16. Pennsylvania. 
.. 1,944 
17, Arkansas.,. 
18. Indiana. 
.. 3,851 
19 Tennessee.. 
.. 1,128 
20 . Kentuckv.. 
,. 1,850 
21. Michigan.. 
22. West Virginia_ 
. 2,266 
466 
23. Texas ....... .... 
.. 850 
21. South Carolina... 
.. 193 
25. Maryland. 
26. Wisconsin.. 
27. Florida. 
83 
28. Massachusetts.... 
29. Oregon... 
.. 226 
30. Nebraska. 
.. 280 
31. Connecticut...... 
64 
32. Delaware. 
.. 125 
33. Maine . 
71 
34. Minnesota. 
63 
35. Rhode Island. 
55 
Galls.Wine, 
13,557,155 
1,632,073 
903,244 
1,824,207 
908,500 
1,047,875 
422,672 
584,148 
334,970 
209,845 
334,701 
205,122 
262,479 
226,249 
114,975 
114,565 
72,750 
99,566 
64,797 
81,170 
62.831 
71,026 
35,528 
16,988 
21,805 
10,968 
11,180 
• 3,838 
16,900 
5,767 
5,336 
4,050 
1,500 
2.831 
262 
Valuation. 
$4,046,866 
1,627,927 
1,335,522 
1,320,050 
980,250 
809,547 
399,705 
387,309 
346,399 
310,533 
268,819 
223,867 
200,045 
190,821 
175,825 
128,097 
112,402 
91,719 
90,796 
80,909 
75,617 
61,462 
44,705 
22,356 
19,151 
15,560 
15,415 
10.050 
9,240 
8,982 
6,076 
4,050 
2,850 
2,446 
317 
Wheat Brills,—This is the time of year when 
many are looking about for 1 the best grain drill.” It 
is a hard matter to tell just which drill is ” the best.” 
As with other leading farm machines, mowers, reapers, 
etc., there are many that seem to be just what a grain 
drill should be, that to choose among those conceded to 
be in the first class is a very difficult matter. The best 
are all so good that one can hardly go amiss, and it 
makes little difference if taste, or an acquaintance with 
a particular style influences the selection. In making 
the purchase, however, other things being the same, it 
is best to select the drill that has its factory nearest at 
hand, or is represented by an agent close by. The best 
of machines will need repairs, and most frequently at 
just that time when a day makes a great difference, so 
the quicker the new part can be obtained the better. 
We would repeat here what is stated in the Notes, that 
it is true economy to sow grain with a drill, except in 
those stony, or stumpy, newly-cleared fields, where a 
drill would neither do its work well nor with safety. 
Reliable Business Men, those who have 
both the ability and the intention, to do what they 
promise, are the only ones invited 10 use the business- 
pages of this journal, and those in charge of that depart¬ 
ment are under positive instructions to admit no others 
at any price; and they try to live up to it, and generally 
do, though once in a while they may make a mistake—to 
err is human—but this seldom occurs. Wc could make a 
fortune in a single year, and supply the paper at lower 
rates, if the advertising pages were thrown open to those 
who gladly pay high prices, as they can afford to, 
because they give little for much. But we mean our ad¬ 
vertising pages shall be a valuable source of trustworthy 
information to our readers.—When ordering from, or cor¬ 
responding with any of our advertisers, or sending for 
catalogues, etc., it is iveil to state that you are a reader 
of this Journal. They will know what we expect, and 
what you expect of them as to prompt and fair treatment. 
Shelter for Swine. -It is a common belief jthat 
the “keeping ” of an animal is much influenced by the 
care, shelter, etc., which it receives. The economic 
value of the proper shelter of swine during the cold 
weather of early winter is strikingly shown in the ex¬ 
periments of Prof. Shelton, given in full on page 314. 
A careful reading of these experiments, together with 
the tables, will show the value in dollars and cents, of 
housing farm stock, and we hope lead many who now 
neglect this important matter, to provide suitable shel¬ 
ter for their swine, as well as other farm animals. It is 
both humane and economical, a double reason therefore, 
for making the animals as comfortable as possible dur¬ 
ing the severe weather of our winters. 
The New York Horticultural Society, 
we are informed by Mr.Murkland, its efficient Secretary, 
will hold no exhibition this month, August, but it is 
proposed to begin an interesting series of exhibitions 
and meetings in September, the date of the first of which 
will be, unless otherwise announced, on the first Tues¬ 
day of the month. Any change will be duly published. 
